{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980913015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355610","title":"Document Layout Analysis","display_name":"Document Layout Analysis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980913015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355610","mag":"2980913015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042208183","display_name":"Galal M. BinMakhashen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-9760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Galal M. Binmakhashen","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068460528","display_name":"Sabri A. Mahmoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5432-3206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabri A. Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042208183"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":169,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97319086,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-layout-analysis","display_name":"Document layout analysis","score":0.8894257545471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.830446183681488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.7229176759719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6664305925369263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6108595728874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-structure-description","display_name":"Document Structure Description","score":0.5377931594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.5169546008110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-clustering","display_name":"Document clustering","score":0.5146218538284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-type-definition","display_name":"Document type definition","score":0.450520396232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneous","display_name":"Homogeneous","score":0.4294840693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37208622694015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29126012325286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.1745237410068512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.1717187464237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1233052909374237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.10384142398834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.07962709665298462}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72773152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5287629","display_name":"Document layout analysis","level":3,"score":0.8894257545471191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.830446183681488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.7229176759719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6664305925369263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6108595728874207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68699486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265904","display_name":"Document Structure Description","level":3,"score":0.5377931594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.5169546008110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177937566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4223102","display_name":"Document clustering","level":3,"score":0.5146218538284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84314905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212327","display_name":"Document type definition","level":4,"score":0.450520396232605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.4294840693473816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37208622694015503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29126012325286865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.1745237410068512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.1717187464237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1233052909374237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.10384142398834229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.07962709665298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":126,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99136341","https://openalex.org/W197527448","https://openalex.org/W233286027","https://openalex.org/W1509564083","https://openalex.org/W1548025139","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1964101267","https://openalex.org/W1965620669","https://openalex.org/W1966950310","https://openalex.org/W1970809167","https://openalex.org/W1976072260","https://openalex.org/W1979900189","https://openalex.org/W1982691792","https://openalex.org/W1982907973","https://openalex.org/W1984241378","https://openalex.org/W1985041182","https://openalex.org/W1988371238","https://openalex.org/W1989324344","https://openalex.org/W1990451701","https://openalex.org/W1999862342","https://openalex.org/W2001908502","https://openalex.org/W2001968227","https://openalex.org/W2003815852","https://openalex.org/W2005173844","https://openalex.org/W2006853737","https://openalex.org/W2007680663","https://openalex.org/W2009094170","https://openalex.org/W2011294079","https://openalex.org/W2016275632","https://openalex.org/W2019353007","https://openalex.org/W2024077020","https://openalex.org/W2033801164","https://openalex.org/W2035526030","https://openalex.org/W2037668370","https://openalex.org/W2044283528","https://openalex.org/W2044907962","https://openalex.org/W2045186501","https://openalex.org/W2045222726","https://openalex.org/W2046333072","https://openalex.org/W2047269717","https://openalex.org/W2047837124","https://openalex.org/W2049105599","https://openalex.org/W2050497827","https://openalex.org/W2050843443","https://openalex.org/W2050946718","https://openalex.org/W2053050503","https://openalex.org/W2054922986","https://openalex.org/W2055408294","https://openalex.org/W2055481957","https://openalex.org/W2059425116","https://openalex.org/W2061778266","https://openalex.org/W2063476404","https://openalex.org/W2064059121","https://openalex.org/W2066765022","https://openalex.org/W2072393922","https://openalex.org/W2073465796","https://openalex.org/W2076678459","https://openalex.org/W2078809407","https://openalex.org/W2080228837","https://openalex.org/W2081868602","https://openalex.org/W2084884002","https://openalex.org/W2094002487","https://openalex.org/W2094549658","https://openalex.org/W2095339926","https://openalex.org/W2098421869","https://openalex.org/W2106199535","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2110224595","https://openalex.org/W2111099669","https://openalex.org/W2112198772","https://openalex.org/W2112692009","https://openalex.org/W2112852975","https://openalex.org/W2118030626","https://openalex.org/W2120855160","https://openalex.org/W2122726673","https://openalex.org/W2126151177","https://openalex.org/W2126925189","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2130283001","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2133308113","https://openalex.org/W2134097102","https://openalex.org/W2135164809","https://openalex.org/W2141756865","https://openalex.org/W2146064284","https://openalex.org/W2148645152","https://openalex.org/W2149128132","https://openalex.org/W2151765755","https://openalex.org/W2151770524","https://openalex.org/W2156839780","https://openalex.org/W2158483425","https://openalex.org/W2161139839","https://openalex.org/W2163113711","https://openalex.org/W2163534337","https://openalex.org/W2165992492","https://openalex.org/W2167284391","https://openalex.org/W2168993228","https://openalex.org/W2296099862","https://openalex.org/W2341938914","https://openalex.org/W2424468279","https://openalex.org/W2488822897","https://openalex.org/W2533973874","https://openalex.org/W2554682051","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2570695987","https://openalex.org/W2601530120","https://openalex.org/W2740373864","https://openalex.org/W2753526104","https://openalex.org/W2765084367","https://openalex.org/W2768926640","https://openalex.org/W2777421064","https://openalex.org/W2798826627","https://openalex.org/W2810569655","https://openalex.org/W2889055479","https://openalex.org/W2911064732","https://openalex.org/W2951355599","https://openalex.org/W2952331513","https://openalex.org/W2962903028","https://openalex.org/W3098052913","https://openalex.org/W3098821875","https://openalex.org/W3102673812","https://openalex.org/W3104637907","https://openalex.org/W4255545266","https://openalex.org/W4292893847","https://openalex.org/W4299482531","https://openalex.org/W6967911594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2351590241","https://openalex.org/W2022032126","https://openalex.org/W2014142435","https://openalex.org/W2352672621","https://openalex.org/W8654319","https://openalex.org/W1971234693","https://openalex.org/W128719082","https://openalex.org/W4246755522","https://openalex.org/W4231742017","https://openalex.org/W2062193808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Document":[0],"layout":[1,119,165,186],"analysis":[2,81,100,120,166],"(DLA)":[3],"is":[4,13,44,147],"a":[5,86,113,143],"preprocessing":[6],"step":[7],"of":[8,22,42,65,94,116,137,152,163],"document":[9,31,118,185],"understanding":[10],"systems.":[11],"It":[12],"responsible":[14],"for":[15,128,180],"detecting":[16],"and":[17,37,56,79,131,169],"annotating":[18],"the":[19,38,47,53,76,125,134,138,154,157,174],"physical":[20],"structure":[21],"documents.":[23],"DLA":[24,43,62,72,88,130,139,160],"has":[25,102],"several":[26,66],"important":[27],"applications":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,149],"retrieval,":[32],"content":[33],"categorization,":[34],"text":[35],"recognition,":[36],"like.":[39],"The":[40,61,122,159],"objective":[41],"to":[45],"ease":[46],"subsequent":[48],"analysis/recognition":[49],"phases":[50,67,136],"by":[51,57],"identifying":[52],"document-homogeneous":[54],"blocks":[55],"determining":[58],"their":[59],"relationships.":[60],"pipeline":[63],"consists":[64,162],"that":[68,90,97,146],"could":[69],"vary":[70],"among":[71],"methods,":[73],"depending":[74],"on":[75,142],"documents\u2019":[77],"layouts":[78],"final":[80],"objectives.":[82],"In":[83,107],"this":[84,108],"regard,":[85],"universal":[87],"algorithm":[89],"fits":[91],"all":[92,99],"types":[93],"document-layouts":[95],"or":[96],"satisfies":[98],"objectives":[101],"not":[103],"been":[104],"developed,":[105],"yet.":[106],"survey":[109],"paper,":[110],"we":[111],"present":[112],"critical":[114],"study":[115,123],"different":[117,135],"techniques.":[121],"highlights":[124],"motivational":[126],"reasons":[127],"pursuing":[129,181],"discusses":[132],"comprehensively":[133],"algorithms":[140],"based":[141],"general":[144],"framework":[145,161],"formed":[148],"an":[150,177],"outcome":[151],"reviewing":[153],"research":[155,183],"in":[156,184],"field.":[158],"preprocessing,":[164],"strategies,":[167],"post-processing,":[168],"performance":[170],"evaluation":[171],"phases.":[172],"Overall,":[173],"article":[175],"delivers":[176],"essential":[178],"baseline":[179],"further":[182],"analysis.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-24T08:02:53.985720","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}