{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998437211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355597","title":"Measuring eWhoring","display_name":"Measuring eWhoring","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998437211","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355597","mag":"2998437211"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355369.3355597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355597","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065221727","display_name":"Sergio Pastrana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1036-6359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Pastrana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055346534","display_name":"Alice Hutchings","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3037-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice Hutchings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge Cybercrime Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge Cybercrime Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018467214","display_name":"Daniel Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8936-0683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer &amp; Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer &amp; Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070199150","display_name":"Juan Tapiador","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4573-3967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Tapiador","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.232,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94975477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"463","last_page":"477"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12335","display_name":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11350","display_name":"Sex work and related issues","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.5752105712890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5401841998100281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.5341421961784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.4904575049877167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","score":0.4652017056941986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.42196792364120483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.41201186180114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.21971198916435242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.5752105712890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5401841998100281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.5341421961784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4904575049877167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777710495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527195","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","level":2,"score":0.4652017056941986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.42196792364120483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.41201186180114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.21971198916435242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355369.3355597","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355597","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:70749","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/1255500.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"NonPeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2952880184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/TCS-4566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3155497529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2018/TCS-4566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325116","funder_display_name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n, Juventud y Deporte, Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G712205639","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/M020320/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7481669020","display_name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Finding, Understanding and Countering Crime in the Cloud","funder_award_id":"EP/M020320/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325116","display_name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n, Juventud y Deporte, Comunidad de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/038tahs86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W624344441","https://openalex.org/W1412198126","https://openalex.org/W1674074141","https://openalex.org/W1967084539","https://openalex.org/W2001642682","https://openalex.org/W2010373152","https://openalex.org/W2019409208","https://openalex.org/W2109376948","https://openalex.org/W2122551442","https://openalex.org/W2132280055","https://openalex.org/W2135251639","https://openalex.org/W2261276175","https://openalex.org/W2269520727","https://openalex.org/W2292723020","https://openalex.org/W2581815792","https://openalex.org/W2614843874","https://openalex.org/W2617906157","https://openalex.org/W2769764076","https://openalex.org/W2784134919","https://openalex.org/W2798110387","https://openalex.org/W2806983856","https://openalex.org/W2891270452","https://openalex.org/W2902444323","https://openalex.org/W2903241493","https://openalex.org/W2905626196","https://openalex.org/W2925709178","https://openalex.org/W2963580354","https://openalex.org/W2964044378","https://openalex.org/W2973219882","https://openalex.org/W2980839873","https://openalex.org/W3098755929","https://openalex.org/W4239223658","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4318330139","https://openalex.org/W6887862016"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W1968552888","https://openalex.org/W2374116601","https://openalex.org/W3093134843","https://openalex.org/W1511346092","https://openalex.org/W1527532029","https://openalex.org/W2378167147","https://openalex.org/W3210777354","https://openalex.org/W2281307425","https://openalex.org/W2772323916"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"eWhoring":[0,69,181,200],"is":[1,70],"the":[2,49,149,164,198,203,210,223],"term":[3],"used":[4],"by":[5],"offenders":[6],"to":[7,9,29,114,126,140,152,175,190],"refer":[8],"a":[10,71,81,111,133,177,218],"type":[11],"of":[12,51,102,119,163,180,197,207,222],"online":[13,34],"fraud":[14],"in":[15,33,46,74,95,132,138,183,235],"which":[16,158],"cybersexual":[17],"encounters":[18],"are":[19],"simulated":[20],"for":[21],"financial":[22,211],"gain.":[23],"Perpetrators":[24],"use":[25,173],"social":[26,39,219],"engineering":[27],"techniques":[28],"impersonate":[30],"young":[31],"women":[32],"communities,":[35,76],"e.g.,":[36],"chat":[37],"or":[38],"networking":[40],"sites.":[41,68],"They":[42],"engage":[43],"potential":[44,243],"customers":[45],"conversation":[47],"with":[48,77],"aim":[50],"selling":[52],"misleading":[53],"sexual":[54],"material":[55,131],"--":[56,63],"mostly":[57],"photographs":[58],"and":[59,90,97,104,129,155,205,213,216,229,232],"interactive":[60],"video":[61],"shows":[62],"illicitly":[64],"compiled":[65],"from":[66,188],"third-party":[67],"popular":[72],"topic":[73],"underground":[75,186],"forums":[78,187],"acting":[79],"as":[80,100,147,161,168],"gateway":[82],"into":[83],"offending.":[84],"Users":[85],"not":[86],"only":[87],"share":[88],"knowledge":[89],"tutorials,":[91],"but":[92],"also":[93],"trade":[94],"goods":[96],"services,":[98],"such":[99,146],"packs":[101],"images":[103,165],"videos.":[105],"In":[106],"this":[107,236],"paper,":[108],"we":[109],"present":[110],"processing":[112],"pipeline":[113,122],"quantitatively":[115],"analyse":[116],"various":[117],"aspects":[118],"eWhoring.":[120],"Our":[121,192],"integrates":[123],"multiple":[124],"tools":[125],"crawl,":[127],"annotate,":[128],"classify":[130],"semi-automatic":[134],"way.":[135],"It":[136],"builds":[137],"precautions":[139],"safeguard":[141],"against":[142],"significant":[143],"ethical":[144],"issues,":[145],"avoiding":[148],"researchers'":[150],"exposure":[151],"pornographic":[153],"material,":[154],"legal":[156],"concerns,":[157],"were":[159,166],"justified":[160],"some":[162],"classified":[167],"child":[169],"exploitation":[170],"material.":[171],"We":[172,239],"it":[174],"perform":[176],"longitudinal":[178],"measurement":[179],"activities":[182],"10":[184],"specialised":[185],"2008":[189],"2019.":[191],"study":[193],"focuses":[194],"on":[195],"three":[196],"main":[199],"components:":[201],"(i)":[202],"acquisition":[204],"provenance":[206],"images;":[208],"(ii)":[209],"profits":[212],"monetisation":[214],"techniques;":[215],"(iii)":[217],"network":[220],"analysis":[221],"offenders,":[224],"including":[225,242],"their":[226],"relationships,":[227],"interests,":[228],"pathways":[230],"before":[231],"after":[233],"engaging":[234],"fraudulent":[237],"activity.":[238],"provide":[240],"recommendations,":[241],"intervention":[244],"approaches.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2020-01-10T00:00:00"}
