{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980660444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355574","title":"Packet-level Overload Estimation in LTE Networks using Passive Measurements","display_name":"Packet-level Overload Estimation in LTE Networks using Passive Measurements","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980660444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355574","mag":"2980660444"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355369.3355574","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355574","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3355369.3355574","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3355369.3355574","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006386073","display_name":"Vivek Adarsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8128-3668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Adarsh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076958586","display_name":"Michael Nekrasov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-5088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Nekrasov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046123988","display_name":"Ellen Zegura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-1759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ellen Zegura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041600302","display_name":"Elizabeth Belding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2155-6740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Belding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, UC Santa Barbara","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4422,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80895206,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"158","last_page":"164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7940725088119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7683064937591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5429255366325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisioning","display_name":"Provisioning","score":0.5193096995353699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.49572813510894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.4790736138820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.47774738073349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.4150090515613556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.39395594596862793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-station","display_name":"Mobile station","score":0.15713635087013245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7940725088119507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7683064937591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5429255366325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.5193096995353699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.49572813510894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.4790736138820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.47774738073349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.4150090515613556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.39395594596862793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.15713635087013245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355369.3355574","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355574","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3355369.3355574","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3355369.3355574","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3355369.3355574","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3355369.3355574","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6702308841","display_name":"NeTS: Medium: Collaborative Research: TribalNet: Expanding Internet Accessibility and Participation on Native American Reservations","funder_award_id":"1563436","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2980660444.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2980660444.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495565530","https://openalex.org/W1577636146","https://openalex.org/W2019421508","https://openalex.org/W2025399718","https://openalex.org/W2040729286","https://openalex.org/W2074021751","https://openalex.org/W2080252648","https://openalex.org/W2084103412","https://openalex.org/W2287724167","https://openalex.org/W2344516430","https://openalex.org/W2464126309","https://openalex.org/W2485122476","https://openalex.org/W2526496292","https://openalex.org/W2547116042","https://openalex.org/W2625304072","https://openalex.org/W2630054027","https://openalex.org/W2743090200","https://openalex.org/W2790379815","https://openalex.org/W2793421149","https://openalex.org/W4210801094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017432143","https://openalex.org/W1973694374","https://openalex.org/W2983574358","https://openalex.org/W2370475531","https://openalex.org/W4385924768","https://openalex.org/W4256551238","https://openalex.org/W2610550183","https://openalex.org/W2914112812","https://openalex.org/W2762817092","https://openalex.org/W2944278712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"87%":[1],"of":[2,87,169,192],"US":[3],"mobile":[4,103,110],"wireless":[5],"subscriptions":[6,107],"are":[7,116],"currently":[8],"held":[9],"by":[10],"LTE-capable":[11],"devices":[12,104],"[34].":[13],"However,":[14],"prior":[15],"work":[16],"has":[17],"demonstrated":[18],"that":[19,50,175,198],"connectivity":[20],"may":[21],"not":[22,57],"equate":[23],"to":[24,48,59,74,83,93,100,108,129,148],"usable":[25],"service.":[26],"Even":[27],"in":[28,132,201,213],"well-provisioned":[29],"urban":[30],"networks,":[31],"unusually":[32],"high":[33],"usage":[34,170],"(such":[35],"as":[36],"during":[37,165,172],"a":[38,43,126],"public":[39,173],"event":[40],"or":[41],"after":[42],"natural":[44],"disaster)":[45],"can":[46,208],"lead":[47],"overload":[49,78,131,187],"makes":[51],"the":[52,63,68,85,88,183,190],"LTE":[53,80,133,155],"service":[54,156],"difficult,":[55],"if":[56,62],"impossible":[58],"use,":[60],"even":[61],"user":[64],"is":[65,82,99],"solidly":[66],"within":[67],"coverage":[69],"area.":[70],"A":[71],"typical":[72,167],"approach":[73,98],"detect":[75,210],"and":[76,118,139,160,171,204],"quantify":[77],"on":[79],"networks":[81,134],"secure":[84],"cooperation":[86],"network":[89,111,214],"provider":[90,142],"for":[91,152],"access":[92],"internal":[94],"metrics.":[95],"An":[96],"alternative":[97],"deploy":[101],"multiple":[102],"with":[105],"active":[106],"each":[109],"operator":[112],"(MNO).":[113],"Both":[114],"approaches":[115],"resource":[117],"time":[119],"intensive.":[120],"In":[121],"this":[122,146],"work,":[123],"we":[124],"propose":[125],"novel":[127],"method":[128,147],"estimate":[130],"using":[135],"only":[136],"passive":[137],"measurements,":[138],"without":[140],"requiring":[141],"cooperation.":[143],"We":[144,196],"use":[145],"analyze":[149],"packet-level":[150],"traces":[151],"three":[153],"commercial":[154],"providers,":[157],"T-Mobile,":[158],"Verizon":[159],"AT&T,":[161],"from":[162],"several":[163],"locations":[164],"both":[166],"levels":[168],"events":[174],"yield":[176],"large,":[177],"dense":[178],"crowds.":[179],"This":[180],"study":[181],"presents":[182],"first":[184],"look":[185],"at":[186],"estimation":[188],"through":[189],"analysis":[191],"unencrypted":[193],"broadcast":[194,202],"messages.":[195],"show":[197],"an":[199,211],"upsurge":[200],"reject":[203],"cell":[205],"barring":[206],"messages":[207],"accurately":[209],"increase":[212],"overload.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
