{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2972436488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3354188","title":"FRoC 2.0","display_name":"FRoC 2.0","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2972436488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3354188","mag":"2972436488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3354188","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3354188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112809824","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","issn_l":"1936-7406","issn":["1936-7406","1936-7414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100743340","display_name":"Ibrahim Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-3086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-3086","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103107245","display_name":"Shuze Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuze Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013787038","display_name":"James Meijers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-0055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Meijers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024463160","display_name":"Olivier Trescases","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Trescases","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030184404","display_name":"Vaughn Betz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0528-6493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaughn Betz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100743340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47190375,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8484073877334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.7855250835418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.657115638256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.6456581354141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4846782982349396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.47430041432380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4519616365432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.44805100560188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.38128167390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09700307250022888}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8484073877334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.7855250835418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.657115638256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6456581354141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4846782982349396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.47430041432380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4519616365432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44805100560188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.38128167390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09700307250022888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3354188","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3354188","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112809824","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","issn_l":"1936-7406","issn":["1936-7406","1936-7414"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965193075","https://openalex.org/W1977850862","https://openalex.org/W1978124838","https://openalex.org/W1981384041","https://openalex.org/W1994202030","https://openalex.org/W2005027393","https://openalex.org/W2018960859","https://openalex.org/W2022202043","https://openalex.org/W2024381286","https://openalex.org/W2030765577","https://openalex.org/W2037524288","https://openalex.org/W2037887034","https://openalex.org/W2045704975","https://openalex.org/W2057807751","https://openalex.org/W2067418954","https://openalex.org/W2079706534","https://openalex.org/W2098762322","https://openalex.org/W2102755988","https://openalex.org/W2108165851","https://openalex.org/W2123009614","https://openalex.org/W2123453286","https://openalex.org/W2132621842","https://openalex.org/W2133156997","https://openalex.org/W2137769675","https://openalex.org/W2143192260","https://openalex.org/W2144511081","https://openalex.org/W2156499539","https://openalex.org/W2164340799","https://openalex.org/W2167040116","https://openalex.org/W2170735577","https://openalex.org/W2397888180","https://openalex.org/W2525415380","https://openalex.org/W2583145172","https://openalex.org/W2610319614","https://openalex.org/W2614946199","https://openalex.org/W2762572888","https://openalex.org/W2769605138","https://openalex.org/W2903626866","https://openalex.org/W4234877306","https://openalex.org/W4256629673","https://openalex.org/W6689017603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3151633427","https://openalex.org/W2012045996","https://openalex.org/W3024050170","https://openalex.org/W2109451123","https://openalex.org/W4293253840","https://openalex.org/W4378977321","https://openalex.org/W2967161359","https://openalex.org/W4308090481","https://openalex.org/W2366961778","https://openalex.org/W1572721274"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,78],"earlier":[1],"technology":[2,23],"nodes,":[3],"FPGAs":[4,25],"had":[5],"low":[6],"power":[7,29,35,43,179],"consumption":[8,36],"compared":[9],"to":[10,90,117,128,136],"other":[11],"compute":[12],"chips":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"CPUs":[16],"and":[17,194],"GPUs.":[18],"However,":[19],"in":[20,30],"the":[21,31,54,74,83,104,109,118,138,177,189,197],"14nm":[22],"node,":[24],"are":[26,134],"consuming":[27],"unprecedented":[28],"100+W":[32],"range,":[33],"making":[34],"a":[37,122,182],"pressing":[38],"concern.":[39],"To":[40],"reduce":[41],"FPGA":[42,75,93],"consumption,":[44],"several":[45],"researchers":[46],"have":[47,62],"proposed":[48,56,124],"deploying":[49],"dynamic":[50],"voltage":[51,193],"scaling.":[52],"While":[53],"previously":[55,123],"solutions":[57],"show":[58,166],"promising":[59],"results,":[60],"they":[61],"difficulty":[63],"guaranteeing":[64],"safe":[65],"operation":[66],"at":[67,196],"reduced":[68],"voltages":[69],"for":[70],"applications":[71,94],"that":[72,87,95,133,151,167],"use":[73,96],"hard":[76],"blocks.":[77],"this":[79],"work,":[80],"we":[81,172],"present":[82],"first":[84],"DVS":[85,170],"solution":[86,99,171],"is":[88],"able":[89],"fully":[91],"handle":[92],"BRAMs.":[97,119],"Our":[98],"not":[100],"only":[101],"robustly":[102],"tests":[103,113],"soft":[105],"logic":[106],"component":[107],"of":[108,176],"application":[110,186],"but":[111],"also":[112,148],"all":[114,153],"components":[115],"connected":[116],"We":[120,164],"extend":[121],"CAD":[125],"tool,":[126],"FRoC,":[127],"automatically":[129],"generate":[130],"calibration":[131,146],"bitstreams":[132,147],"used":[135,154],"measure":[137],"application\u2019s":[139],"critical":[140],"path":[141],"delays":[142],"on":[143],"silicon.":[144],"The":[145],"include":[149],"testers":[150],"ensure":[152],"SRAM":[155],"cells":[156],"operate":[157],"safely":[158],"while":[159],"scaling":[160],"V":[161],"dd":[162],".":[163],"experimentally":[165],"using":[168],"our":[169],"can":[173],"save":[174],"32%":[175],"total":[178],"consumed":[180],"by":[181,201],"discrete":[183],"Fourier":[184],"transform":[185],"running":[187],"with":[188],"fixed":[190],"nominal":[191],"supply":[192],"clocked":[195],"F":[198],"max":[199],"reported":[200],"static":[202],"timing":[203],"analysis.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2019-09-19T00:00:00"}
