{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3002427919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372865","title":"Data in New Delhi's predictive policing system","display_name":"Data in New Delhi's predictive policing system","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3002427919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372865","mag":"3002427919"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3351095.3372865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372865","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033154679","display_name":"Vidushi Marda","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vidushi Marda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Article 19"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Article 19","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053444622","display_name":"Shivangi Narayan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-4711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152429107","display_name":"Jawaharlal Nehru University","ror":"https://ror.org/0567v8t28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shivangi Narayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jawaharlal Nehru University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jawaharlal Nehru University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152429107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033154679"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0856,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97749858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"317","last_page":"324"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.6023356914520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.6019096374511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suspect","display_name":"Suspect","score":0.5649722814559937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.519020676612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector","display_name":"Public sector","score":0.48276272416114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.45665040612220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4308623671531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.4103242754936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminology","display_name":"Criminology","score":0.37694069743156433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.3700735569000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.36644381284713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.29219239950180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.20646372437477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.199368417263031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.6023356914520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.6019096374511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778223634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224952","display_name":"Suspect","level":2,"score":0.5649722814559937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.519020676612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.48276272416114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.45665040612220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4308623671531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.4103242754936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.37694069743156433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3700735569000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.36644381284713745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.29219239950180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20646372437477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.199368417263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3351095.3372865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372865","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W586932544","https://openalex.org/W1604857681","https://openalex.org/W2020651490","https://openalex.org/W2051310311","https://openalex.org/W2062163135","https://openalex.org/W2529251251","https://openalex.org/W2751772126","https://openalex.org/W2895968895","https://openalex.org/W2897154134","https://openalex.org/W2912457762","https://openalex.org/W2913700606","https://openalex.org/W2924130384","https://openalex.org/W3121683006","https://openalex.org/W3126126666","https://openalex.org/W3146083582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197016913","https://openalex.org/W2389153751","https://openalex.org/W4386728183","https://openalex.org/W2185015567","https://openalex.org/W2394191954","https://openalex.org/W2113933481","https://openalex.org/W4292622136","https://openalex.org/W2918198275","https://openalex.org/W4288596409","https://openalex.org/W2952045330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"2015,":[1],"Delhi":[2,73,117],"Police":[3],"announced":[4],"plans":[5],"for":[6,23,59,164,178],"predictive":[7],"policing.":[8],"The":[9],"Crime":[10],"Mapping,":[11],"Analytics":[12],"and":[13,33,56,78,82,106,123,127,154,181],"Predictive":[14],"System":[15],"(CMAPS)":[16],"would":[17],"be":[18],"implemented":[19,192],"in":[20,101,139,152,168,193],"India's":[21,63],"capital,":[22],"live":[24],"spatial":[25],"hotspot":[26],"mapping":[27],"of":[28,46,52,72,94,98,112,149,176],"crime,":[29],"criminal":[30],"behavior":[31],"patterns":[32],"suspect":[34],"analysis.":[35],"Four":[36],"years":[37],"later,":[38],"there":[39],"is":[40],"little":[41],"known":[42],"about":[43,144],"the":[44,50,80,95,137,194],"effect":[45],"CMAPS":[47,87,140],"due":[48],"to":[49,65,185],"lack":[51],"public":[53,146,195],"accountability":[54],"mechanisms":[55],"large":[57],"exceptions":[58],"law":[60],"enforcement":[61],"under":[62],"Right":[64],"Information":[66],"Act.":[67],"Through":[68,103],"an":[69],"ethnographic":[70],"study":[71],"Police's":[74,118],"data":[75,119],"collection":[76,120],"practices,":[77],"analysing":[79],"institutional":[81],"legal":[83],"reality":[84],"within":[85,116],"which":[86],"will":[88],"function,":[89],"this":[90],"paper":[91],"presents":[92],"one":[93],"first":[96],"accounts":[97],"smart":[99],"policing":[100],"India.":[102],"our":[104],"findings":[105],"discussion":[107],"we":[108],"show":[109],"what":[110,136],"kinds":[111],"biases":[113,138],"are":[114],"present":[115],"practices":[121],"currently":[122],"how":[124],"they":[125],"translate":[126],"transfer":[128],"into":[129],"initiatives":[130],"like":[131],"CMAPS.":[132],"We":[133,159,171],"further":[134],"discuss":[135],"can":[141],"teach":[142],"us":[143],"future":[145],"sector":[147],"deployment":[148],"socio-technical":[150],"systems":[151,191],"India":[153],"other":[155],"global":[156],"South":[157],"geographies.":[158],"also":[160],"offer":[161],"methodological":[162],"considerations":[163],"studying":[165],"AI":[166],"deployments":[167],"non-western":[169],"contexts.":[170],"conclude":[172],"with":[173,189],"a":[174],"set":[175],"recommendations":[177],"civil":[179],"society":[180],"social":[182],"justice":[183],"actors":[184],"consider":[186],"when":[187],"engaging":[188],"opaque":[190],"sector.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
