{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000952406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372863","title":"Case study","display_name":"Case study","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000952406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372863","mag":"3000952406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3351095.3372863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372863","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.09233","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kit T. Rodolfa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kit T. Rodolfa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Erika Salomon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erika Salomon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lauren Haynes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lauren Haynes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Iv\u00e1n Higuera Mendieta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iv\u00e1n Higuera Mendieta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jamie Larson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799359763","display_name":"Office of the Attorney General","ror":"https://ror.org/04m2f2s83","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799359763"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamie Larson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Los Angeles City Attorney's Office"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Los Angeles City Attorney's Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799359763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rayid Ghani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rayid Ghani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95258916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"142","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10318","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis","score":0.9661999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recidivism","display_name":"Recidivism","score":0.7235999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misdemeanor","display_name":"Misdemeanor","score":0.6764000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equity","display_name":"Equity (law)","score":0.6244000196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-justice","display_name":"Criminal justice","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equity-theory","display_name":"Equity theory","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-justice","display_name":"Procedural justice","score":0.32440000772476196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1420643","display_name":"Recidivism","level":2,"score":0.7235999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778252816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q694324","display_name":"Misdemeanor","level":2,"score":0.6764000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.6244000196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58003389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070477","display_name":"Equity theory","level":3,"score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779149496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442100","display_name":"Procedural justice","level":3,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776949292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471855","display_name":"Jurisdiction","level":2,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25287524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13416790","display_name":"Social equality","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16920402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205398","display_name":"Social work","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777886440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15916459","display_name":"Plea","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3351095.3372863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372863","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.09233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.09233","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.09233","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.09233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.09233","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.09233","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311571","display_name":"Laura and John Arnold Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04hqxh742"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34245968","https://openalex.org/W1593909622","https://openalex.org/W2003042924","https://openalex.org/W2055778774","https://openalex.org/W2099586891","https://openalex.org/W2100960835","https://openalex.org/W2101054196","https://openalex.org/W2105861384","https://openalex.org/W2118025696","https://openalex.org/W2127284217","https://openalex.org/W2131651525","https://openalex.org/W2170251669","https://openalex.org/W2214137264","https://openalex.org/W2272928705","https://openalex.org/W2546836975","https://openalex.org/W2584805976","https://openalex.org/W2773175866","https://openalex.org/W2790628304","https://openalex.org/W2794541067","https://openalex.org/W2809056940","https://openalex.org/W2809878087","https://openalex.org/W2893744714","https://openalex.org/W2902802452","https://openalex.org/W2963100392","https://openalex.org/W2964031043","https://openalex.org/W2964826869","https://openalex.org/W3122958378","https://openalex.org/W4239815928","https://openalex.org/W4289258088"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,65,118],"criminal":[1,162,211],"justice":[2,163,212],"system":[3,19],"is":[4],"currently":[5],"ill-equipped":[6],"to":[7,28,121,156,174,181,189,206,221],"improve":[8,122],"outcomes":[9,123,199,218],"of":[10,17,23,30,62,105,227,241],"individuals":[11,154,178],"who":[12],"cycle":[13],"in":[14,55,86,114,184,200,210,234,255],"and":[15,32,77,167,196,204,237,246,250],"out":[16],"the":[18,51,60,103,161,216,224],"with":[20,38,83,94,160],"a":[21,56,73,92,99,115,165,185,228,239],"series":[22],"misdemeanor":[24],"offenses.":[25],"Often":[26],"due":[27],"constraints":[29],"caseload":[31],"poor":[33],"record":[34],"linkage,":[35],"prior":[36],"interactions":[37,159],"an":[39,46,172,256],"individual":[40,47],"may":[41],"not":[42],"be":[43,182],"considered":[44],"when":[45,248],"comes":[48],"back":[49],"into":[50,108],"system,":[52,164],"let":[53],"alone":[54],"proactive":[57],"manner":[58],"through":[59],"application":[61],"diversion":[63],"programs.":[64],"Los":[66],"Angeles":[67],"City":[68],"Attorney's":[69],"Office":[70],"recently":[71],"created":[72],"new":[74,96],"Recidivism":[75],"Reduction":[76],"Drug":[78],"Diversion":[79],"unit":[80,97],"(R2D2)":[81],"tasked":[82],"reducing":[84],"recidivism":[85],"this":[87,95,235],"population.":[88],"Here":[89],"we":[90,214,219],"describe":[91,223],"collaboration":[93],"as":[98],"case":[100,140],"study":[101],"for":[102,153,230,243],"incorporation":[104],"predictive":[106,194,232],"equity":[107,197,217,245],"machine":[109,252],"learning":[110,253],"based":[111,142],"decision":[112],"making":[113],"resource-constrained":[116],"setting.":[117,260],"program":[119],"seeks":[120],"by":[124],"developing":[125],"individually-tailored":[126],"social":[127,145],"service":[128,146],"interventions":[129],"(i.e.,":[130],"diversions,":[131],"conditional":[132],"plea":[133],"agreements,":[134],"stayed":[135],"sentencing,":[136],"or":[137],"other":[138],"favorable":[139],"disposition":[141],"on":[143,177],"appropriate":[144],"linkage":[147],"rather":[148],"than":[149],"traditional":[150],"sentencing":[151],"methods)":[152],"likely":[155,180],"experience":[157],"subsequent":[158],"time":[166],"resource-intensive":[168],"undertaking":[169],"that":[170],"necessitates":[171],"ability":[173],"focus":[175],"resources":[176],"most":[179],"involved":[183],"future":[186],"case.":[187],"Seeking":[188],"achieve":[190],"both":[191],"efficiency":[192,247],"(through":[193],"accuracy)":[195],"(improving":[198],"traditionally":[201],"under-served":[202],"communities":[203],"working":[205],"mitigate":[207],"existing":[208],"disparities":[209],"outcomes),":[213],"discuss":[215],"seek":[220],"achieve,":[222],"corresponding":[225],"choice":[226],"metric":[229],"measuring":[231],"fairness":[233],"context,":[236],"explore":[238],"set":[240],"options":[242],"balancing":[244],"building":[249],"selecting":[251],"models":[254],"operational":[257],"public":[258],"policy":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2020-01-30T00:00:00"}
