{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3021432747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345314","title":"Random Forest with Self-Paced Bootstrap Learning in Lung Cancer Prognosis","display_name":"Random Forest with Self-Paced Bootstrap Learning in Lung Cancer Prognosis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3021432747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345314","mag":"3021432747"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3345314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Random_forest_with_self-paced_bootstrap_learning_in_lung_cancer_prognosis/22982204","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101530677","display_name":"Qingyong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5115-6425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022422213","display_name":"Yun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-0275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069969191","display_name":"Weiping Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-7347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199305430","display_name":"Nantong University","ror":"https://ror.org/02afcvw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nantong University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nantong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199305430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363345","display_name":"Zhiguo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7992-7965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018267985","display_name":"Khan Muhammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-1150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khan Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sejong University, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sejong University, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007077356","display_name":"Zehong Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-0328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129801699","display_name":"University of Tasmania","ror":"https://ror.org/01nfmeh72","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129801699"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehong Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tasmania, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-0328","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tasmania, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129801699"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6851,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91047773,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1s","first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12254","display_name":"Machine Learning in Bioinformatics","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9703999757766724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.8660051822662354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7607488632202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer","display_name":"Lung cancer","score":0.5790326595306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5655902624130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5517029762268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5353901982307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.4743829071521759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.4568399488925934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3347843885421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncology","display_name":"Oncology","score":0.16060298681259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.12483730912208557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.10348480939865112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.8660051822662354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7607488632202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776256026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912","display_name":"Lung cancer","level":2,"score":0.5790326595306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5655902624130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5517029762268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5353901982307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.4743829071521759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4568399488925934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3347843885421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.16060298681259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12483730912208557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.10348480939865112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3345314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.utas.edu.au:32985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922975","display_name":"UTAS Research Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/22982204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Random_forest_with_self-paced_bootstrap_learning_in_lung_cancer_prognosis/22982204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/147517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/147517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/22982204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Random_forest_with_self-paced_bootstrap_learning_in_lung_cancer_prognosis/22982204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2083420169","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703416 and 61976120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4679026377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20191445","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5286696350","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018JJ3614","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322866","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G923240192","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XYDXXJS-048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326182","funder_display_name":"Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322866","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326182","display_name":"Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W605727707","https://openalex.org/W1520812622","https://openalex.org/W1967803810","https://openalex.org/W1974758710","https://openalex.org/W1983024255","https://openalex.org/W1987645143","https://openalex.org/W2012035409","https://openalex.org/W2014555541","https://openalex.org/W2024360430","https://openalex.org/W2048387604","https://openalex.org/W2072613728","https://openalex.org/W2101718974","https://openalex.org/W2105703325","https://openalex.org/W2132984949","https://openalex.org/W2150757437","https://openalex.org/W2153601733","https://openalex.org/W2241862190","https://openalex.org/W2256388387","https://openalex.org/W2280957887","https://openalex.org/W2321308395","https://openalex.org/W2338119550","https://openalex.org/W2478414316","https://openalex.org/W2517085803","https://openalex.org/W2569219946","https://openalex.org/W2581452939","https://openalex.org/W2588784603","https://openalex.org/W2590915453","https://openalex.org/W2608239929","https://openalex.org/W2620239873","https://openalex.org/W2740306440","https://openalex.org/W2781525129","https://openalex.org/W2790973804","https://openalex.org/W2791025012","https://openalex.org/W2889081631","https://openalex.org/W2890265114","https://openalex.org/W2890276219","https://openalex.org/W2903150666","https://openalex.org/W2904823965","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2945444034","https://openalex.org/W3000152264","https://openalex.org/W3013377280","https://openalex.org/W3098796361","https://openalex.org/W4232478844","https://openalex.org/W4241727697","https://openalex.org/W4391278491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3193043704","https://openalex.org/W2944292463","https://openalex.org/W3014252901","https://openalex.org/W4405005423","https://openalex.org/W2188759683","https://openalex.org/W4317376680","https://openalex.org/W4360777922","https://openalex.org/W3161976747","https://openalex.org/W4210918897","https://openalex.org/W107664707"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Training":[0],"gene":[1,27,59,143],"expression":[2,60],"data":[3],"with":[4,45,70],"supervised":[5],"learning":[6,47,69],"approaches":[7],"can":[8],"provide":[9],"an":[10,67],"alarm":[11],"sign":[12],"for":[13,49],"early":[14],"treatment":[15],"of":[16,26,31,51,127],"lung":[17,52,107,146],"cancer":[18,53,108,147],"to":[19,74,94,125,139],"decrease":[20],"death":[21],"rates.":[22],"However,":[23],"the":[24,76,86,137],"samples":[25,96],"features":[28],"involve":[29],"lots":[30],"noises":[32],"in":[33,142],"a":[34,42],"realistic":[35],"environment.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"study,":[39],"we":[40,65,84],"present":[41],"random":[43,71],"forest":[44,72],"self-paced":[46,98],"bootstrap":[48],"improvement":[50],"classification":[54,78,122],"and":[55,145],"prognosis":[56],"based":[57,103],"on":[58,104],"data.":[61],"To":[62],"be":[63],"specific,":[64],"propose":[66],"ensemble":[68],"approach":[73],"improving":[75],"model":[77],"performance":[79,123],"by":[80,89,97],"selecting":[81],"multi-classifiers.":[82],"Then,":[83],"investigate":[85],"sampling":[87],"strategy":[88],"gradually":[90],"embedding":[91],"from":[92],"high-":[93],"low-quality":[95],"learning.":[99],"The":[100],"experimental":[101],"results":[102],"five":[105],"public":[106],"datasets":[109],"show":[110],"that":[111,126,132],"our":[112,133],"proposed":[113,134],"method":[114,135],"could":[115],"select":[116],"significant":[117],"genes":[118],"exactly,":[119],"which":[120],"improves":[121],"compared":[124],"existing":[128],"approaches.":[129],"We":[130],"believe":[131],"has":[136],"potential":[138],"assist":[140],"doctors":[141],"selections":[144],"prognosis.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}