{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011445502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3343413.3377976","title":"Identifying and Predicting the States of Complex Search Tasks","display_name":"Identifying and Predicting the States of Complex Search Tasks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011445502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3343413.3377976","mag":"3011445502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3343413.3377976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3343413.3377976","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3343413.3377976","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3343413.3377976","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088558868","display_name":"Jiqun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3643-2182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiqun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043347333","display_name":"Shawon Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-211X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawon Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061319881","display_name":"Chirag Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3797-4293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chirag Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.5204,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97259776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"193","last_page":"202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7008659839630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6499987840652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.43754512071609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.43439781665802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.42734700441360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4132135212421417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3759574890136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3419409990310669}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7008659839630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6499987840652466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.43754512071609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43439781665802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.42734700441360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4132135212421417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3759574890136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3419409990310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3343413.3377976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3343413.3377976","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3343413.3377976","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3343413.3377976","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3343413.3377976","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3343413.3377976","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6396353270","display_name":"III: Small: Characterizing and Evaluating Whole Session Interactive Information Retrieval","funder_award_id":"1423239","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7582171590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1423239","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8935667119","display_name":"III: Small: Information Fostering - Being Proactive in Information Seeking","funder_award_id":"1717488","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8962215267","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1717488","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3011445502.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3011445502.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W118701235","https://openalex.org/W397204004","https://openalex.org/W563197666","https://openalex.org/W1486461153","https://openalex.org/W1512416586","https://openalex.org/W1608627064","https://openalex.org/W1964729842","https://openalex.org/W1971633256","https://openalex.org/W1973693034","https://openalex.org/W1973697738","https://openalex.org/W1981261334","https://openalex.org/W1989307299","https://openalex.org/W1994929824","https://openalex.org/W1995311669","https://openalex.org/W1996508650","https://openalex.org/W2000067897","https://openalex.org/W2007750197","https://openalex.org/W2020713996","https://openalex.org/W2026360870","https://openalex.org/W2028690179","https://openalex.org/W2039002369","https://openalex.org/W2052658973","https://openalex.org/W2057024235","https://openalex.org/W2069049590","https://openalex.org/W2072995952","https://openalex.org/W2080493390","https://openalex.org/W2085656890","https://openalex.org/W2120889650","https://openalex.org/W2143907878","https://openalex.org/W2155355283","https://openalex.org/W2156037541","https://openalex.org/W2158254843","https://openalex.org/W2163958191","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2340380384","https://openalex.org/W2476153691","https://openalex.org/W2561180920","https://openalex.org/W2591990083","https://openalex.org/W2604313218","https://openalex.org/W2605140671","https://openalex.org/W2617906023","https://openalex.org/W2736797226","https://openalex.org/W2741992952","https://openalex.org/W2798663454","https://openalex.org/W2889742741","https://openalex.org/W2920799411","https://openalex.org/W2922012916","https://openalex.org/W2948113848","https://openalex.org/W2954208841","https://openalex.org/W2955486989","https://openalex.org/W2976714646","https://openalex.org/W2980686325","https://openalex.org/W2998699776","https://openalex.org/W3004237321","https://openalex.org/W3015735329","https://openalex.org/W3146115948","https://openalex.org/W3187178868","https://openalex.org/W4247890353","https://openalex.org/W6704030517","https://openalex.org/W6758495884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2018871932","https://openalex.org/W641279757","https://openalex.org/W370975646","https://openalex.org/W1670566515","https://openalex.org/W4242022592","https://openalex.org/W596972243","https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W3196817267","https://openalex.org/W1976600725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Complex":[0],"search":[1,10,32,47,62,79,91,94,102,131,138,174,189,197,207],"tasks":[2,63,139,190],"that":[3,135,162],"involve":[4],"uncertain":[5],"solution":[6],"space":[7],"and":[8,17,26,69,81,96,119,123,130,146,156,193,199,209],"multi-round":[9],"iterations":[11],"are":[12,191],"integral":[13],"to":[14,55],"everyday":[15],"life":[16],"information-intensive":[18],"workplace":[19],"practices,":[20],"affecting":[21],"how":[22],"people":[23],"learn,":[24],"work,":[25],"resolve":[27],"problematic":[28],"situations.":[29],"However,":[30],"current":[31],"systems":[33],"still":[34],"face":[35],"plenty":[36],"of":[37,60,140,167],"challenges":[38],"when":[39],"applied":[40],"in":[41,45,89,104,186,195],"supporting":[42],"users":[43],"engaging":[44],"complex":[46,61,137,188],"tasks.":[48],"To":[49],"address":[50],"this":[51],"issue,":[52],"we":[53,109],"seek":[54],"explore":[56],"the":[57,77,125,150,158,184,201],"dynamic":[58],"nature":[59],"from":[64,100,173],"process-oriented":[65],"perspective":[66],"by":[67],"identifying":[68],"predicting":[70],"implicit":[71],"task":[72,112,128,160],"states.":[73],"Specifically,":[74],"based":[75,115,148],"upon":[76],"Web":[78],"logs":[80],"user":[82,168],"annotation":[83],"data":[84],"(regarding":[85],"information":[86],"seeking":[87],"intentions":[88],"local":[90],"steps,":[92],"in-situ":[93],"problems,":[95],"help":[97],"needed)":[98],"collected":[99],"132":[101],"sessions":[103],"two":[105,111],"controlled":[106],"lab":[107],"studies,":[108],"developed":[110],"state":[113,118,121,153],"frameworks":[114],"on":[116,149],"intention":[117],"problem-help":[120],"respectively":[122],"examined":[124],"connection":[126],"between":[127],"states":[129,161],"behaviors.":[132],"We":[133],"report":[134],"(1)":[136],"different":[141],"types":[142],"can":[143,170],"be":[144,171],"deconstructed":[145],"disambiguated":[147],"associated":[151],"nonlinear":[152],"transition":[154],"patterns;":[155],"(2)":[157],"identified":[159],"cover":[163],"multiple":[164],"subtle":[165],"factors":[166],"cognition":[169],"predicted":[172],"behavioral":[175],"signals":[176],"using":[177],"supervised":[178],"learning":[179],"algorithms.":[180],"This":[181],"study":[182],"reveals":[183],"way":[185,202],"which":[187],"unfolded":[192],"manifested":[194],"users'":[196],"interactions":[198],"paves":[200],"for":[203],"developing":[204],"state-aware":[205],"adaptive":[206],"supports":[208],"system":[210],"evaluation":[211],"frameworks.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}