{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968714181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342428.3342659","title":"Using the smartphone camera as a sensor for safety applications","display_name":"Using the smartphone camera as a sensor for safety applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968714181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342428.3342659","mag":"2968714181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3342428.3342659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342428.3342659","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th EAI International Conference on Smart Objects and Technologies for Social Good","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Subhadeep Patra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhadeep Patra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001995864","display_name":"Willian Zamora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0215-4460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106404","display_name":"Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manab\u00ed","ror":"https://ror.org/01m8gvd94","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106404"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willian Zamora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manab\u00ed Manta, Manab\u00ed, Ecuador"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manab\u00ed Manta, Manab\u00ed, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066242048","display_name":"Carlos T. Calafate","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-3041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos T. Calafate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086152745","display_name":"Juan\u2010Carlos Cano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-0539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan-Carlos Cano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043546527","display_name":"Pietro Manzoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3753-0403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Manzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068050252","display_name":"Peter Veelaert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-9087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Veelaert","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPI, imec research group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPI, imec research group, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"84","last_page":"89"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7265002727508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dashboard","display_name":"Dashboard","score":0.6372113227844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sort","display_name":"sort","score":0.527934730052948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4644849896430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3472450375556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3326674699783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33178818225860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32056888937950134}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7265002727508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33499554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417134","display_name":"Dashboard","level":2,"score":0.6372113227844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599","display_name":"sort","level":2,"score":0.527934730052948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4644849896430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3472450375556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3326674699783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33178818225860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32056888937950134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3342428.3342659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342428.3342659","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th EAI International Conference on Smart Objects and Technologies for Social Good","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44486983","https://openalex.org/W1589841506","https://openalex.org/W1952902495","https://openalex.org/W2009164682","https://openalex.org/W2036103626","https://openalex.org/W2040903332","https://openalex.org/W2050675382","https://openalex.org/W2071899532","https://openalex.org/W2095905764","https://openalex.org/W2099022790","https://openalex.org/W2128060444","https://openalex.org/W2134726061","https://openalex.org/W2144357069","https://openalex.org/W2153008989","https://openalex.org/W2158182800","https://openalex.org/W2161381955","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2168445392","https://openalex.org/W2172183560","https://openalex.org/W2937941120","https://openalex.org/W6637975963","https://openalex.org/W6640945804","https://openalex.org/W6678402959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2607236244","https://openalex.org/W2382083831","https://openalex.org/W4239369595","https://openalex.org/W2169792944","https://openalex.org/W3048913176","https://openalex.org/W4386891374","https://openalex.org/W2361805396","https://openalex.org/W4292603292","https://openalex.org/W2048767857","https://openalex.org/W2972254340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Our":[0],"goal":[1],"is":[2,75,89,148],"to":[3,127,137,164,195],"study":[4],"the":[5,45,62,69,72,76,93,96,113,129,132,135,138,141,153,157,171,180],"use":[6,26,43,77],"of":[7,21,27,44,68,78,103,112,117,134,140,173,179,193],"ubiquitous":[8],"smartphones":[9,50],"for":[10,51],"designing":[11],"ITS":[12],"applications":[13],"that":[14,41,88,187],"would":[15],"improve":[16],"safety,":[17],"mobility":[18],"and":[19,31,106,116,156,199,213],"efficiency":[20],"ground":[22],"transportation":[23],"systems":[24],"making":[25],"their":[28],"sensing,":[29],"analysis,":[30],"communication":[32],"capabilities.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35,104],"paper":[36],"we":[37,109],"design":[38],"an":[39,57],"implementation":[40],"makes":[42],"optical":[46],"sensor":[47],"available":[48],"in":[49,120,170,184],"alerting":[52],"users":[53],"when":[54],"not":[55,189],"maintaining":[56],"established":[58],"safe":[59],"distance":[60,130],"with":[61,82,95],"vehicle":[63,142,154],"ahead.":[64,99,144],"For":[65],"proper":[66],"functioning":[67],"proposed":[70],"application,":[71],"minimum":[73],"requirement":[74],"a":[79,85],"device":[80],"equipped":[81],"at":[83],"least":[84],"back":[86,139],"camera,":[87],"properly":[90],"mounted":[91],"on":[92,150],"dashboard":[94],"camera":[97,136],"facing":[98],"Thus,":[100],"taking":[101],"advantage":[102],"effortless":[105],"easy":[107],"setup,":[108],"capture":[110],"images":[111,123],"road":[114],"ahead":[115,155],"any":[118,191],"vehicles":[119],"front.":[121],"These":[122],"are":[124,161],"then":[125],"processed":[126],"calculate":[128],"from":[131],"lens":[133],"travelling":[143],"A":[145],"warning":[146],"message":[147],"displayed":[149],"screen":[151],"if":[152],"one":[158],"following":[159],"it":[160],"too":[162],"close":[163],"each":[165],"other,":[166],"thus":[167],"aiding":[168],"drivers":[169],"prevention":[172],"possible":[174,211],"accidents.":[175],"This":[176],"first":[177],"version":[178],"application":[181],"was":[182],"tested":[183],"static":[185],"scenarios":[186],"did":[188],"involve":[190],"sort":[192],"motion,":[194],"validate":[196],"our":[197],"approach":[198],"assess":[200],"its":[201,210],"feasibility.":[202],"The":[203],"results":[204],"obtained":[205],"make":[206],"us":[207],"optimistic":[208],"towards":[209],"acceptance":[212],"wide":[214],"use.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-21T08:15:58.654021","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}