{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2974871515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342197.3344544","title":"How Should Automated Vehicles Interact with Pedestrians?","display_name":"How Should Automated Vehicles Interact with Pedestrians?","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2974871515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342197.3344544","mag":"2974871515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3342197.3344544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342197.3344544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006491294","display_name":"Andreas L\u00f6cken","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5509-0689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106192","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxzcy64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas L\u00f6cken","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045501859","display_name":"Carmen Golling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106192","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxzcy64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmen Golling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087073329","display_name":"Andreas Riener","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9174-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106192","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxzcy64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Riener","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006491294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.6645,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99561277,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"262","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.7794681191444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.737319827079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7196511030197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.6863253116607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5484868884086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-interaction","display_name":"Human interaction","score":0.4907130002975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3421938419342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17099294066429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.14710387587547302}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.7794681191444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.737319827079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7196511030197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.6863253116607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5484868884086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987082051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Human interaction","level":2,"score":0.4907130002975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3421938419342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17099294066429138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.14710387587547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3342197.3344544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3342197.3344544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310476","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Verkehr und Digitale Infrastruktur","ror":"https://ror.org/00e3ns026"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055356759","https://openalex.org/W2084235337","https://openalex.org/W2163004454","https://openalex.org/W2253939299","https://openalex.org/W2332350813","https://openalex.org/W2507800322","https://openalex.org/W2511190360","https://openalex.org/W2546582110","https://openalex.org/W2561547472","https://openalex.org/W2575065550","https://openalex.org/W2588644984","https://openalex.org/W2592059167","https://openalex.org/W2592496287","https://openalex.org/W2592717668","https://openalex.org/W2593777145","https://openalex.org/W2606385607","https://openalex.org/W2745561828","https://openalex.org/W2756029264","https://openalex.org/W2757876960","https://openalex.org/W2761435849","https://openalex.org/W2763201450","https://openalex.org/W2763646004","https://openalex.org/W2780878184","https://openalex.org/W2795538447","https://openalex.org/W2801188116","https://openalex.org/W2885800163","https://openalex.org/W2890958932","https://openalex.org/W2892028528","https://openalex.org/W2922896969","https://openalex.org/W2998827830","https://openalex.org/W4239760043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392812199","https://openalex.org/W4200176076","https://openalex.org/W598185802","https://openalex.org/W2392100589","https://openalex.org/W2512789322","https://openalex.org/W2355516524","https://openalex.org/W2361471170","https://openalex.org/W2025616642","https://openalex.org/W1954972543","https://openalex.org/W3122828758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"vehicles":[1],"(AVs)":[2],"introduce":[3],"a":[4,80],"new":[5,22],"challenge":[6],"to":[7,16,26,65,95,102,144],"human-computer":[8],"interaction":[9,39],"(HCI):":[10],"pedestrians":[11],"are":[12],"no":[13],"longer":[14],"able":[15],"communicate":[17],"with":[18],"human":[19],"drivers.":[20],"Hence,":[21],"HCI":[23],"designs":[24],"need":[25],"fill":[27],"this":[28],"gap.":[29],"This":[30],"work":[31],"presents":[32],"the":[33,69,91,121,139],"implementation":[34],"and":[35,56,68,97,112,129,147],"comparison":[36],"of":[37,51,71],"different":[38],"concepts":[40],"in":[41,83],"virtual":[42],"reality":[43],"(VR).":[44],"They":[45],"were":[46,59],"derived":[47],"after":[48],"an":[49],"analysis":[50],"28":[52],"works":[53],"from":[54],"research":[55],"industry,":[57],"which":[58],"classified":[60],"into":[61],"five":[62],"groups":[63],"according":[64],"their":[66],"complexity":[67],"type":[70],"communication.":[72],"We":[73,106],"implemented":[74],"one":[75],"concept":[76,117],"per":[77],"group":[78],"for":[79],"within-subject":[81],"experiment":[82],"VR.":[84],"For":[85],"each":[86],"concept,":[87],"we":[88],"varied":[89],"if":[90],"AV":[92],"is":[93],"going":[94],"stop":[96],"how":[98],"early":[99],"it":[100],"starts":[101],"activate":[103],"its":[104],"display.":[105],"observed":[107],"effects":[108],"on":[109,120],"safety,":[110],"trust,":[111],"user":[113],"experience.":[114],"A":[115],"good":[116],"displays":[118],"information":[119],"street,":[122],"uses":[123],"unambiguous":[124],"signals":[125],"(e.g.,":[126],"green":[127],"lights)":[128],"has":[130],"high":[131],"visibility.":[132],"Additional":[133],"feedback,":[134],"such":[135],"as":[136],"continuously":[137],"showing":[138],"recognized":[140],"pedestrian's":[141],"location,":[142],"seem":[143],"be":[145],"unnecessary":[146],"may":[148],"irritate.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}