{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2975687524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341981.3344222","title":"Using Principal Component Analysis to Better Understand Behavioral Measures and their Effects","display_name":"Using Principal Component Analysis to Better Understand Behavioral Measures and their Effects","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2975687524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341981.3344222","mag":"2975687524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341981.3344222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341981.3344222","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3341981.3344222","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGIR International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3341981.3344222","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076480696","display_name":"Jaime Arguello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7645-0556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Arguello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027412231","display_name":"Anita Crescenzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-4750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anita Crescenzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076480696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2049,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93087364,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"177","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9693999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9693999886512756,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14308","display_name":"Psychological and Educational Research Studies","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9394000172615051,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6991375088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.695231556892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.6467642188072205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.6259024143218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.5370802879333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5209820866584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.5039517283439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4820324182510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioural-sciences","display_name":"Behavioural sciences","score":0.45804068446159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.4527835547924042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.44902974367141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.436886191368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3712325692176819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07726976275444031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6991375088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.695231556892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6467642188072205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.6259024143218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5370802879333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5209820866584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.5039517283439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4820324182510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5570062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3919817","display_name":"Behavioural sciences","level":2,"score":0.45804068446159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.4527835547924042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.44902974367141724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.436886191368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3712325692176819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07726976275444031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341981.3344222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341981.3344222","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3341981.3344222","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGIR International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341981.3344222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341981.3344222","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3341981.3344222","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGIR International Conference on Theory of Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4261286667","display_name":"CAREER: Making Aggregated Search Results More Effective and Useful","funder_award_id":"1451668","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G942302565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1451668","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2975687524.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2975687524.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116361307","https://openalex.org/W1988119504","https://openalex.org/W2006202170","https://openalex.org/W2007750197","https://openalex.org/W2027300458","https://openalex.org/W2028267167","https://openalex.org/W2057024235","https://openalex.org/W2069049590","https://openalex.org/W2113347069","https://openalex.org/W2115787195","https://openalex.org/W2124318441","https://openalex.org/W2125671490","https://openalex.org/W2138821455","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2165474780","https://openalex.org/W2217442075","https://openalex.org/W2319586349","https://openalex.org/W2320718773","https://openalex.org/W2591901382","https://openalex.org/W2740318848","https://openalex.org/W2767700154","https://openalex.org/W2782898451","https://openalex.org/W2791416360","https://openalex.org/W2794331780","https://openalex.org/W2798663454","https://openalex.org/W2798833441","https://openalex.org/W2946144951"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347335694","https://openalex.org/W4250857377","https://openalex.org/W1499228322","https://openalex.org/W4234877896","https://openalex.org/W3198676230","https://openalex.org/W3142002785","https://openalex.org/W2531264786","https://openalex.org/W3104072235","https://openalex.org/W1995622179","https://openalex.org/W2119192608"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"important":[1],"question":[2,32],"in":[3],"interactive":[4],"IR":[5],"research":[6,28],"is:":[7],"What":[8],"do":[9],"search":[10,179],"behaviors":[11],"tell":[12],"us":[13,132,145,165],"about":[14],"specific":[15],"task":[16],"characteristics,":[17],"post-task":[18,21,59,111],"perceptions,":[19],"and":[20,48,97],"outcomes":[22,107],"such":[23],"as":[24],"knowledge":[25],"gains?":[26],"Much":[27],"has":[29],"explored":[30],"this":[31,62],"from":[33],"different":[34,94,106,139],"perspectives.":[35],"A":[36],"common":[37],"approach":[38],"is":[39],"to":[40,74,109,155,174],"consider":[41],"a":[42,70],"wide":[43],"range":[44],"of":[45,56,102,177],"behavioral":[46,76,95,135,168],"measures":[47,77,148],"examine":[49,87,99],"their":[50,178],"differences":[51],"based":[52],"on":[53,105],"dependent":[54],"variables":[55],"interest":[57],"(e.g.,":[58,113],"perceptions).":[60],"In":[61],"paper,":[63],"we":[64,86,98],"use":[65],"principal":[66],"component":[67],"analysis":[68],"(PCA),":[69],"dimensionality":[71],"reduction":[72],"technique,":[73],"analyze":[75],"captured":[78,92,137],"during":[79],"three":[80],"previously":[81],"published":[82],"studies.":[83],"Using":[84],"PCA,":[85],"the":[88,100,134,156],"underlying":[89,157],"phenomena":[90,104,136,158,169],"being":[91,159],"by":[93,138],"measures,":[96],"influence":[101],"these":[103],"related":[108],"participants'":[110],"perceptions":[112,176],"workload,":[114],"difficulty,":[115],"engagement,":[116],"etc.).":[117],"We":[118],"argue":[119],"(and":[120],"show)":[121],"that":[122],"PCA":[123],"can":[124,130,143,163],"provide":[125],"several":[126],"benefits.":[127],"First,":[128],"it":[129,142,162],"help":[131,144,164],"understand":[133,166],"measures.":[140],"Second,":[141],"determine":[146],"which":[147],"are":[149],"ambiguous":[150],"or":[151],"unambiguous":[152],"with":[153],"respect":[154],"captured.":[160],"Third,":[161],"how":[167],"(vs.":[170],"individual":[171],"measures)":[172],"relate":[173],"searchers'":[175],"experience.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}