{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3033383133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341525.3387403","title":"The Relationship of Gender, Experiential, and Psychological Factors to Achievement in Computer Science","display_name":"The Relationship of Gender, Experiential, and Psychological Factors to Achievement in Computer Science","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3033383133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341525.3387403","mag":"3033383133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341525.3387403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341525.3387403","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037529355","display_name":"Madeline Hinckle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Madeline Hinckle","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054899789","display_name":"Arif Rachmatullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0993-0477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arif Rachmatullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089705996","display_name":"Bradford Mott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3303-4699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bradford Mott","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549993","display_name":"Kristy Elizabeth Boyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-3450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristy Elizabeth Boyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074470380","display_name":"James C. Lester","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-6601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Lester","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088202585","display_name":"Eric Wiebe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-5225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Wiebe","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037529355"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5917,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95630632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"225","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12060","display_name":"Child Development and Digital Technology","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.6840873956680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-gap","display_name":"Gender gap","score":0.6421590447425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5464011430740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.5341569185256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-equity","display_name":"Gender equity","score":0.533687949180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5269696712493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experiential-learning","display_name":"Experiential learning","score":0.523154616355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5015487670898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-framework","display_name":"Conceptual framework","score":0.4279228746891022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.3949012756347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.36003607511520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.3223341107368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24385395646095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14366024732589722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.11508333683013916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.6840873956680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986619947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30103150","display_name":"Gender gap","level":2,"score":0.6421590447425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5464011430740356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.5341569185256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984776528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113453","display_name":"Gender equity","level":2,"score":0.533687949180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5269696712493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.523154616355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5015487670898438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.4279228746891022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3949012756347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.36003607511520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3223341107368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24385395646095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14366024732589722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.11508333683013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341525.3387403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341525.3387403","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1269967625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DRL-1640141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315254","funder_display_name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315254","display_name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516226385","https://openalex.org/W1529756421","https://openalex.org/W1555126077","https://openalex.org/W1965085721","https://openalex.org/W1982404450","https://openalex.org/W1999706004","https://openalex.org/W2002028524","https://openalex.org/W2002619335","https://openalex.org/W2027927765","https://openalex.org/W2042053466","https://openalex.org/W2043281886","https://openalex.org/W2043867338","https://openalex.org/W2057642512","https://openalex.org/W2066706582","https://openalex.org/W2100329249","https://openalex.org/W2111638337","https://openalex.org/W2128519325","https://openalex.org/W2142531373","https://openalex.org/W2143697658","https://openalex.org/W2153403719","https://openalex.org/W2170644967","https://openalex.org/W2176513605","https://openalex.org/W2299373671","https://openalex.org/W2394625346","https://openalex.org/W2593784202","https://openalex.org/W2606540748","https://openalex.org/W2760124092","https://openalex.org/W2808863842","https://openalex.org/W2842518588","https://openalex.org/W2913491286","https://openalex.org/W2950753443","https://openalex.org/W2953779145","https://openalex.org/W2998338210","https://openalex.org/W3005723079","https://openalex.org/W3119021534","https://openalex.org/W4231474584","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976315729","https://openalex.org/W4226212469","https://openalex.org/W4211263691","https://openalex.org/W4377234084","https://openalex.org/W4389546261","https://openalex.org/W4391024416","https://openalex.org/W3213607208","https://openalex.org/W2548786942","https://openalex.org/W4312119004","https://openalex.org/W3188047445"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computer":[0],"science":[1],"(CS)":[2],"is":[3,72],"widely":[4],"recognized":[5],"as":[6,229,231],"a":[7,10,73,101,167,194,201,214],"field":[8,241],"with":[9,29,42,111,142],"significant":[11,168],"gender":[12,237],"gap":[13],"despite":[14],"the":[15,43,106,154,180,240],"growing":[16],"prevalence":[17],"of":[18,46,75,93,117,220],"computing.":[19],"Several":[20],"factors":[21,51,83,110],"including":[22],"CS":[23,61,130,136,172,184,207],"attitudes,":[24,131],"exposure":[25],"to":[26,39,97,113,152,210,226],"CS,":[27],"experience":[28,141],"computer":[30],"programming,":[31],"and":[32,63,99,139,174],"confidence":[33,132,175],"in":[34,48,57,60,80,123,133,163,176,193,213,239],"using":[35,134,177],"computers":[36],"are":[37,64,84,242],"understood":[38],"be":[40],"correlated":[41],"low":[44],"participation":[45,162,199],"women":[47],"CS.":[49],"These":[50],"also":[52,190],"play":[53],"an":[54],"important":[55],"role":[56],"students'":[58,129,183],"interest":[59],"careers":[62],"particularly":[65],"crucial":[66],"during":[67],"secondary":[68],"school.":[69],"However,":[70],"there":[71],"dearth":[74],"research":[76],"that":[77,104,160,192,235],"examines":[78],"differences":[79],"how":[81],"these":[82,109],"inter-correlated":[85],"for":[86],"younger":[87],"students":[88,121],"(ages":[89],"11-13).":[90],"The":[91,157,218],"purpose":[92],"this":[94,124],"study":[95],"was":[96,150,187],"generate":[98],"test":[100,153],"statistical":[102],"model":[103],"demonstrates":[105],"inter-correlation":[107],"amongst":[108],"respect":[112],"gender.":[114],"A":[115],"total":[116],"260":[118],"middle":[119],"school":[120],"participated":[122],"study.":[125],"Four":[126],"instruments":[127],"measuring":[128],"computers,":[135,178],"conceptual":[137,185],"understanding,":[138],"prior":[140],"CS-related":[143,164,223],"activities":[144,165,234],"were":[145],"used.":[146],"Structural":[147],"equation":[148],"modeling":[149],"utilized":[151],"hypothesized":[155],"model.":[156,217],"findings":[158],"showed":[159],"previous":[161,198],"had":[166,200],"direct":[169,204],"effect":[170,181,205,212],"on":[171,182,206,233],"attitudes":[173,208],"but":[179],"understanding":[186],"indirect.":[188],"We":[189],"found":[191],"female":[195,227],"specific":[196,216],"model,":[197],"significantly":[202],"stronger":[203],"compared":[209],"its":[211],"male":[215],"importance":[219],"providing":[221],"more":[222],"experience,":[224],"especially":[225],"students,":[228],"well":[230],"suggestions":[232],"promote":[236],"equity":[238],"discussed.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-26T15:22:09.906841","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
