{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967616249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341302.3342068","title":"A millimeter wave network for billions of things","display_name":"A millimeter wave network for billions of things","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967616249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341302.3342068","mag":"2967616249"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341302.3342068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341302.3342068","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050259623","display_name":"Mohammad Hossein Mazaheri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8122-3761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad H. Mazaheri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069683066","display_name":"Soroush Ameli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soroush Ameli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054153276","display_name":"Ali Abedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7879-9375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Abedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065134796","display_name":"Omid Abari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8218-6301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omid Abari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050259623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2653,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88570365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"174","last_page":"186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7559404373168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5705493688583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lpwan","display_name":"LPWAN","score":0.5353133678436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5008368492126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.49689438939094543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4750392735004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4721786081790924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4578001797199249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.44129228591918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4386386573314667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.4341592788696289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-shortage","display_name":"Economic shortage","score":0.4339379072189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.1720339059829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10009363293647766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7559404373168945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5705493688583374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20706829","display_name":"LPWAN","level":3,"score":0.5353133678436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5008368492126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.49689438939094543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4750392735004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4721786081790924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4578001797199249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.44129228591918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4386386573314667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.4341592788696289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.4339379072189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.1720339059829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10009363293647766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3341302.3342068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3341302.3342068","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492723314","https://openalex.org/W1595367758","https://openalex.org/W1926244710","https://openalex.org/W1975967020","https://openalex.org/W1981661761","https://openalex.org/W1984114931","https://openalex.org/W2010743461","https://openalex.org/W2095843437","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2105588150","https://openalex.org/W2115412108","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2131874158","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2143471631","https://openalex.org/W2148227117","https://openalex.org/W2159347248","https://openalex.org/W2186264490","https://openalex.org/W2288898887","https://openalex.org/W2311907317","https://openalex.org/W2472003219","https://openalex.org/W2525282885","https://openalex.org/W2526381904","https://openalex.org/W2546700599","https://openalex.org/W2547709199","https://openalex.org/W2605169544","https://openalex.org/W2613875643","https://openalex.org/W2761497348","https://openalex.org/W2771722572","https://openalex.org/W2784711283","https://openalex.org/W2791171246","https://openalex.org/W2876820033","https://openalex.org/W2892503209","https://openalex.org/W2897931537","https://openalex.org/W2962785465"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888892063","https://openalex.org/W2740439328","https://openalex.org/W3088070213","https://openalex.org/W2901309327","https://openalex.org/W3125356464","https://openalex.org/W2923934659","https://openalex.org/W2952763095","https://openalex.org/W2979151211","https://openalex.org/W2903243522","https://openalex.org/W3030891736"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,4,34,55,73,134,167],"advent":[2],"of":[3,6,10,38,75,78],"Internet":[5],"Things":[7],"(IoT),":[8],"billions":[9],"new":[11],"connected":[12],"devices":[13,41,44],"will":[14,29],"come":[15],"online,":[16],"placing":[17],"a":[18,124,196],"huge":[19],"strain":[20],"on":[21,122],"today's":[22],"WiFi":[23],"and":[24,50,67,103,114,156,177,213],"cellular":[25],"spectrum.":[26,80],"This":[27],"problem":[28,71],"be":[30],"further":[31],"exacerbated":[32],"by":[33],"fact":[35],"that":[36,45,137,200],"many":[37],"these":[39],"IoT":[40,130,147,191,208],"are":[42,153,175],"low-power":[43],"use":[46,54,161],"low-rate":[47],"modulation":[48],"schemes":[49],"therefore":[51],"do":[52],"not":[53],"spectrum":[56,69],"efficiently.":[57],"Millimeter":[58],"wave":[59],"(mmWave)":[60],"technology":[61,84,141],"promises":[62],"to":[63,164],"revolutionize":[64],"wireless":[65],"networks":[66],"solve":[68],"shortage":[70],"through":[72],"usage":[74],"massive":[76],"chunks":[77],"high-frequency":[79],"However,":[81],"adapting":[82],"this":[83,119],"presents":[85],"challenges.":[86],"Past":[87],"work":[88],"has":[89],"addressed":[90],"challenges":[91,136,203],"in":[92,204],"using":[93],"mmWave":[94,125,140,151,159,198,206],"for":[95,127,145,166,188,207],"emerging":[96],"applications,":[97],"such":[98,146],"as":[99],"5G,":[100],"virtual":[101],"reality":[102],"data":[104],"centers,":[105],"which":[106,184],"require":[107,178],"multiple-gigabits-per-second":[108],"links,":[109],"while":[110],"having":[111],"substantial":[112],"energy":[113],"computing":[115],"power.":[116],"In":[117],"contrast,":[118],"paper":[120],"focuses":[121],"designing":[123],"network":[126,199],"low-power,":[128,189],"low-cost":[129,190],"devices.":[131,148,192,209],"We":[132,193,210],"address":[133],"key":[135],"prevent":[138],"existing":[139,202],"from":[142,180],"being":[143],"used":[144],"First,":[149],"current":[150],"radios":[152,160],"power":[154],"hungry":[155],"expensive.":[157],"Second,":[158],"directional":[162],"antennas":[163],"search":[165],"best":[168],"beam":[169,172],"alignment.":[170],"Existing":[171],"searching":[173],"techniques":[174],"complex":[176],"feedback":[179],"access":[181],"points":[182],"(AP),":[183],"makes":[185],"them":[186],"unsuitable":[187],"present":[194],"mmX,":[195],"novel":[197],"addresses":[201],"exploiting":[205],"implemented":[211],"mmX":[212],"evaluated":[214],"it":[215],"empirically.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}