{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3094036804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340531.3412172","title":"Challenges and Solutions to the Student Dropout Prediction Problem in Online Courses","display_name":"Challenges and Solutions to the Student Dropout Prediction Problem in Online Courses","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3094036804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340531.3412172","mag":"3094036804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3340531.3412172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340531.3412172","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017702643","display_name":"Bardh Prenkaj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2991-2279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bardh Prenkaj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036321638","display_name":"Giovanni Stilo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-0213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Stilo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053966749","display_name":"Lorenzo Madeddu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5702-8691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Madeddu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017702643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7194,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87601052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3513","last_page":"3514"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9585999846458435,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9247999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.7121272087097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6427001357078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6112854480743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drop-out","display_name":"Drop out","score":0.5585551261901855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-engagement","display_name":"Student engagement","score":0.46545130014419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning","display_name":"Online learning","score":0.44292545318603516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.43475282192230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.3859390914440155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.2831857204437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.19416239857673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.14453953504562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.10909470915794373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.7121272087097168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6427001357078552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6112854480743408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984949393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1260241","display_name":"Drop out","level":2,"score":0.5585551261901855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194519906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7627827","display_name":"Student engagement","level":2,"score":0.46545130014419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986087404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946010","display_name":"Online learning","level":2,"score":0.44292545318603516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.43475282192230225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3859390914440155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.2831857204437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19416239857673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.14453953504562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.10909470915794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3340531.3412172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340531.3412172","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.luiss.it:11385/253811","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11385/253811","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196446","display_name":"IRIS - Institutional Research Information System (Libera Universit\u00e0 Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I56441308","host_organization_name":"Libera Universit\u00e0 Internazionale degli Studi Sociali Guido Carli","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56441308"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1486127","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1486127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523179845","https://openalex.org/W2086145942","https://openalex.org/W2339395348","https://openalex.org/W2546314413","https://openalex.org/W2754427584","https://openalex.org/W2897614747","https://openalex.org/W2904341466","https://openalex.org/W2905931716","https://openalex.org/W2922280987","https://openalex.org/W3022458846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200185743","https://openalex.org/W3161284118","https://openalex.org/W3168896443","https://openalex.org/W2069394101","https://openalex.org/W2903765035","https://openalex.org/W2946207047","https://openalex.org/W4299656241","https://openalex.org/W2763921803","https://openalex.org/W2964227388","https://openalex.org/W3158407758"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"courses":[1],"and":[2,32,77,94,139,162,194,203,257,261,276,283],"e-degrees,":[3],"although":[4],"present":[5],"since":[6],"the":[7,15,19,30,51,92,98,159,185,192,209,219,226,242,246,253,267],"mid-1990,":[8],"have":[9,69],"received":[10],"enormous":[11],"attention":[12],"only":[13],"in":[14,82,89,191,229,245],"last":[16],"decade.":[17],"Moreover,":[18],"new":[20,84],"Coronavirus":[21],"disease":[22],"(COVID-19)":[23],"outbreak":[24],"forced":[25],"many":[26],"nations":[27],"(e.g.":[28],"Italy,":[29],"US,":[31],"other":[33],"countries)":[34],"to":[35,58,70,97,167,172,182,207,216,252,266],"massively":[36],"push":[37],"their":[38],"education":[39],"system":[40],"towards":[41],"an":[42,54],"online":[43,102,128,157],"environment.":[44],"Academics":[45],"now":[46],"are":[47],"also":[48],"looking":[49],"at":[50],"crisis":[52],"as":[53],"opportunity":[55],"for":[56,62],"universities":[57],"adopt":[59],"digital":[60],"technologies":[61],"teaching":[63,79],"more":[64],"broadly.":[65],"But":[66],"they":[67],"will":[68,80],"understand":[71],"what":[72],"possible":[73],"ways":[74],"of":[75,101,108,124,127,137,187,222,233],"evaluating":[76],"effectively":[78],"be":[81],"this":[83,237],"scenario.":[85],"The":[86],"depicted":[87],"overview,":[88],"conjunction":[90],"with":[91,145,218,225],"utility":[93],"ubiquitous":[95],"access":[96],"educational":[99],"platforms":[100,228],"courses,":[103],"entails":[104],"a":[105,111,118,150],"vast":[106],"amount":[107],"enrolments.":[109],"Nevertheless,":[110],"high":[112],"enrolment":[113],"rate":[114,123],"usually":[115],"translates":[116],"into":[117],"significant":[119,151],"dropout":[120,133,211,270],"(or":[121],"withdrawal)":[122],"students":[125,129,161],"(40-80%":[126],"drop":[130],"out).":[131],"Student":[132,269],"prediction":[134],"(SDP)":[135],"consists":[136],"modelling":[138],"fore-casting":[140],"student":[141,188,210,223],"behaviour":[142],"when":[143],"interacting":[144],"e-learning":[146],"platforms.":[147],"It":[148],"is":[149],"phenomenon":[152],"that":[153],"has":[154,178,231],"repercussions":[155],"on":[156],"institutions,":[158],"involved":[160],"professors.":[163],"Early":[164],"approaches":[165,199],"tended":[166],"perform":[168],"manual":[169],"analytic":[170],"examinations":[171],"devise":[173],"retention":[174],"strategies.":[175],"Recent":[176],"research":[177],"adopted":[179],"automated":[180],"policies":[181],"thoroughly":[183],"exploit":[184],"advantages":[186],"activities(hereafter":[189],"e-tivities)":[190],"e-platforms":[193],"identify":[195],"at-risk":[196],"students.":[197],"These":[198],"include":[200],"machine":[201,275],"learning":[202,205,278],"deep":[204,277],"techniques":[206],"predict":[208],"status.":[212],"Therefore,":[213],"being":[214],"able":[215],"cope":[217],"trend":[220],"shifting":[221],"interactions":[224],"course":[227],"real-time":[230],"become":[232],"paramount":[234],"importance.":[235],"In":[236],"tutorial,":[238],"we":[239,258],"comprehensively":[240],"overview":[241],"SDP":[243],"problem":[244],"literature.":[247],"We":[248],"provide":[249],"mathematical":[250],"formalisation":[251],"different":[254],"definitions":[255],"proposed,":[256],"introduce":[259],"simple":[260],"complex":[262],"predictive":[263],"methods":[264],"adhering":[265],"following:":[268],"definition,":[271],"Input":[272],"modelling,":[273],"Underlying":[274],"techniques,":[279],"Evaluation":[280],"measures,":[281],"Datasets,":[282],"privacy":[284],"concerns.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2020-10-29T00:00:00"}