{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969181047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340481.3342738","title":"Hub companies shaping the future: the ethicality and corporate social responsibility of platform economy giants","display_name":"Hub companies shaping the future: the ethicality and corporate social responsibility of platform economy giants","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969181047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340481.3342738","mag":"2969181047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3340481.3342738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340481.3342738","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGSOFT International Workshop on Software-Intensive Business: Start-ups, Platforms, and Ecosystems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstream/10024/167394/1/fsews19iwsibmain-id12-p.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079612731","display_name":"Hanna H\u00e4rk\u00f6nen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanna H\u00e4rk\u00f6nen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Turku, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070680082","display_name":"Juhani Naskali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7559-2595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juhani Naskali","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Turku, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000899437","display_name":"Kai K. Kimppa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7622-7629"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Kimppa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Turku, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079612731"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0555,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83649078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"48","last_page":"53"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12392","display_name":"Sharing Economy and Platforms","score":0.9560999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9309999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lament","display_name":"Lament","score":0.83104407787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporation","display_name":"Corporation","score":0.7141121625900269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/de-facto","display_name":"De facto","score":0.6621014475822449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.656356930732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nothing","display_name":"Nothing","score":0.6363389492034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5549681782722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5208307504653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.504794716835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.504487156867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-economy","display_name":"Market economy","score":0.46612122654914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amazon-rainforest","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","score":0.4399021863937378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economy","display_name":"Economy","score":0.3780773878097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.3657134771347046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3159705400466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.19494417309761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.19419044256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1828567385673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.1678999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.10402673482894897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779421831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1471717","display_name":"Lament","level":2,"score":0.83104407787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167037","display_name":"Corporation","level":2,"score":0.7141121625900269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992317946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712144","display_name":"De facto","level":2,"score":0.6621014475822449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.656356930732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136815107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154242","display_name":"Nothing","level":2,"score":0.6363389492034912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5549681782722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5208307504653931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.504794716835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.504487156867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.46612122654914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535291247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177567","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","level":2,"score":0.4399021863937378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3780773878097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3657134771347046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3159705400466919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19494417309761047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19419044256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1828567385673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1678999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10402673482894897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3340481.3342738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3340481.3342738","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGSOFT International Workshop on Software-Intensive Business: Start-ups, Platforms, and Ecosystems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.utupub.fi:10024/167394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/167394","pdf_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstream/10024/167394/1/fsews19iwsibmain-id12-p.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.utupub.fi:10024/167394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/handle/10024/167394","pdf_url":"https://www.utupub.fi/bitstream/10024/167394/1/fsews19iwsibmain-id12-p.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969181047.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969181047.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481690997","https://openalex.org/W1559924327","https://openalex.org/W1560531554","https://openalex.org/W1986413361","https://openalex.org/W2064710012","https://openalex.org/W2124825646","https://openalex.org/W2137934323","https://openalex.org/W2248812386","https://openalex.org/W2259132814","https://openalex.org/W2586499004","https://openalex.org/W2751215628","https://openalex.org/W2802747009","https://openalex.org/W2810038273","https://openalex.org/W2903668279","https://openalex.org/W3000172241","https://openalex.org/W4235978725","https://openalex.org/W6733047739","https://openalex.org/W6743443725"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506439274","https://openalex.org/W3107172106","https://openalex.org/W4238271429","https://openalex.org/W2216420239","https://openalex.org/W3011492772","https://openalex.org/W4229555470","https://openalex.org/W4283274672","https://openalex.org/W3002429231","https://openalex.org/W2499122376","https://openalex.org/W2389917038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hub":[0],"companies":[1],"(e.g.":[2],"Amazon,":[3],"Facebook,":[4],"Apple,":[5],"Twitter":[6],"and":[7,77,79,83,93,120],"Google)":[8],"rule":[9],"the":[10,24,51,72,101,122,125],"internet.":[11],"They":[12,22],"are":[13],"de":[14],"facto":[15],"monopolies":[16],"in":[17,26,48],"their":[18,88],"area":[19],"of":[20,44,53,91,105,124],"operations.":[21],"shape":[23],"future":[25,123],"which":[27,49],"we":[28,36,114],"live.":[29],"And,":[30],"it":[31],"seems":[32],"there":[33],"is":[34,131],"nothing":[35],"can":[37],"do":[38,66],"about":[39],"that,":[40],"as":[41],"traditional":[42],"economies":[43],"extreme":[45],"scale":[46],"\u2013":[47,65,127],"eventually":[50],"size":[52],"a":[54,59],"corporation":[55],"starts":[56],"to":[57,69,97,117,133],"be":[58],"hindrance,":[60],"rather":[61],"than":[62],"an":[63],"advantage":[64],"not":[67],"apply":[68],"them.":[70],"On":[71],"contrary,":[73],"they":[74],"keep":[75],"growing":[76,78],"thus":[80],"gaining":[81],"stronger":[82,84],"strangle":[85],"hold":[86],"over":[87],"respective":[89],"areas":[90],"commerce":[92],"influence.":[94],"This":[95],"leads":[96],"unethical":[98],"results,":[99],"where":[100],"corporations":[102],"spin":[103],"out":[104],"any":[106],"control,":[107],"national":[108],"or":[109],"international.":[110],"In":[111],"this":[112,118],"paper":[113],"give":[115],"reasons":[116],"phenomenon":[119],"lament":[121],"internet":[126],"unless":[128],"something":[129],"drastic":[130],"done":[132],"change":[134],"this.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}