{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2978168681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3338467.3358949","title":"Threshold Implementations in the Robust Probing Model","display_name":"Threshold Implementations in the Robust Probing Model","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2978168681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3338467.3358949","mag":"2978168681"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3338467.3358949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3338467.3358949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of ACM Workshop on Theory of Implementation Security Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/654839/2/Threshold_Implementations_in_the_Robust_Probing_Model.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020954518","display_name":"Siemen Dhooghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0591-7355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siemen Dhooghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven/ imec-COSIC, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven/ imec-COSIC, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067200620","display_name":"Svetla Nikova\u22c6","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3133-9261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Svetla Nikova","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven/ imec-COSIC, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven/ imec-COSIC, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007395243","display_name":"Vincent Rijmen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7401-2088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Rijmen","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven/ imec-COSIC, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven/ imec-COSIC, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020954518"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11733783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"30","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7964446544647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.7896276712417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7357606887817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.48777419328689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completeness","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","score":0.4820016920566559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3479199707508087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26429978013038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1725901961326599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13496607542037964}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7964446544647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.7896276712417603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7357606887817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.48777419328689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17231256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156540","display_name":"Completeness (order theory)","level":2,"score":0.4820016920566559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3479199707508087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26429978013038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1725901961326599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13496607542037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3338467.3358949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3338467.3358949","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of ACM Workshop on Theory of Implementation Security Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/654839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/654839","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/654839/2/Threshold_Implementations_in_the_Robust_Probing_Model.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"mag:2978168681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iacr/iacr2019.html#DhoogheNR19","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764847869","display_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614454"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cryptology ePrint Archive"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/654839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/654839","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/654839/2/Threshold_Implementations_in_the_Robust_Probing_Model.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7331901853","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU H2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7903014560","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"60NANB15D346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321843","display_name":"Bulgarian National Science Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/05eg49r29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2978168681.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2978168681.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541098965","https://openalex.org/W1541150254","https://openalex.org/W1548656471","https://openalex.org/W1567394420","https://openalex.org/W1873852107","https://openalex.org/W1897761346","https://openalex.org/W2071290994","https://openalex.org/W2114286085","https://openalex.org/W2128197017","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2219812381","https://openalex.org/W2477136977","https://openalex.org/W2486054928","https://openalex.org/W2494396870","https://openalex.org/W2536698892","https://openalex.org/W2757042018","https://openalex.org/W2758799253","https://openalex.org/W2951150472","https://openalex.org/W4236309769","https://openalex.org/W4252227927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986296566","https://openalex.org/W2751043011","https://openalex.org/W2952567295","https://openalex.org/W2950257281","https://openalex.org/W2103865407","https://openalex.org/W3030080703","https://openalex.org/W2285230258","https://openalex.org/W3123376798","https://openalex.org/W1538419290","https://openalex.org/W2796726538","https://openalex.org/W2186261151","https://openalex.org/W2952293565","https://openalex.org/W1495065856","https://openalex.org/W3126695157","https://openalex.org/W2593627138","https://openalex.org/W2952510394","https://openalex.org/W3130079825","https://openalex.org/W3083038140","https://openalex.org/W2100902610","https://openalex.org/W2187232711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Threshold":[0],"Implementations":[1],"(TI)":[2],"are":[3],"provably":[4],"secure":[5,148],"algorithmic":[6,26],"countermeasures":[7],"against":[8],"side-channel":[9],"attacks":[10],"in":[11,23,100],"the":[12,50,52,59,65,77,101,109,122,133,139,145,158,177,182],"form":[13],"of":[14,20,54,79,112,124,141,147,157,171,181],"differential":[15],"power":[16],"analysis.":[17],"The":[18],"strength":[19],"TI":[21],"lies":[22],"its":[24],"minimal":[25],"requirements.":[27],"These":[28],"requirements":[29],"have":[30,45],"been":[31,46],"studied":[32],"over":[33,49],"more":[34],"than":[35],"10":[36],"years":[37,51],"and":[38,82,96,121,150,168,179],"many":[39],"efficient":[40],"implementations":[41,56,63],"for":[42,163],"symmetric":[43],"primitives":[44],"proposed.":[47],"Thus,":[48],"practice":[53],"protecting":[55],"matured,":[57],"however,":[58],"theory":[60,73],"behind":[61],"threshold":[62,159],"remained":[64],"same.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68,72,92],"work,":[69],"we":[70,154],"revise":[71],"by":[74],"looking":[75],"at":[76],"properties":[78],"correctness,":[80],"non-completeness,":[81],"uniformity":[83,120],"as":[84],"a":[85,117,126],"composable":[86,128],"security":[87,99,129,178],"model.":[88,135],"We":[89,114,136],"prove":[90],"that":[91],"model":[93,104],"provides":[94],"first-order":[95],"higher-order":[97],"univariate":[98],"glitch-robust":[102],"probing":[103,134],"which":[105,143],"lets":[106],"us":[107],"expand":[108],"theoretic":[110],"framework":[111],"TI.":[113],"first":[115],"provide":[116,155,169],"link":[118],"between":[119],"notion":[123,130,140],"non-interference,":[125],"known":[127],"building":[131],"out":[132],"then":[137],"relax":[138],"non-completeness":[142],"helps":[144],"design":[146],"expansion":[149],"compression":[151],"functions.":[152],"Lastly,":[153],"generalisations":[156],"notions":[160],"to":[161],"allow":[162],"general":[164],"secret":[165],"sharing":[166,174],"schemes":[167,175],"examples":[170],"how":[172],"different":[173],"affect":[176],"efficiency":[180],"countermeasure.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
