{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2959795245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3335203.3335735","title":"Steganalysis of VoIP Streams with CNN-LSTM Network","display_name":"Steganalysis of VoIP Streams with CNN-LSTM Network","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2959795245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3335203.3335735","mag":"2959795245"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3335203.3335735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3335203.3335735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Information Hiding and Multimedia Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101662204","display_name":"Hao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-914X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020864189","display_name":"Zhongliang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-9560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongliang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768896","display_name":"Yongfeng Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3825-2230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongfeng Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"204","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganography","display_name":"Steganography","score":0.8200708627700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8154786825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-over-ip","display_name":"Voice over IP","score":0.7564592957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steganalysis","display_name":"Steganalysis","score":0.6537156105041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5705741047859192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49583515524864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.4661482572555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4336106777191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4262637495994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3461095094680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.33961543440818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.08593529462814331}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108801101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15032","display_name":"Steganography","level":3,"score":0.8200708627700806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8154786825180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171246234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81945","display_name":"Voice over IP","level":3,"score":0.7564592957496643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107368093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448176","display_name":"Steganalysis","level":4,"score":0.6537156105041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5705741047859192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49583515524864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.4661482572555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4336106777191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4262637495994568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3461095094680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.33961543440818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.08593529462814331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3335203.3335735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3335203.3335735","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Information Hiding and Multimedia Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538131130","https://openalex.org/W2012694493","https://openalex.org/W2020317832","https://openalex.org/W2026170051","https://openalex.org/W2032268986","https://openalex.org/W2066384692","https://openalex.org/W2079735306","https://openalex.org/W2081326826","https://openalex.org/W2094710184","https://openalex.org/W2096796314","https://openalex.org/W2103088716","https://openalex.org/W2107465879","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2122384804","https://openalex.org/W2124042115","https://openalex.org/W2131774270","https://openalex.org/W2138402153","https://openalex.org/W2139334285","https://openalex.org/W2147568880","https://openalex.org/W2153153547","https://openalex.org/W2155070702","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2162016966","https://openalex.org/W2168249605","https://openalex.org/W2270470215","https://openalex.org/W2516608830","https://openalex.org/W2594649210","https://openalex.org/W2613904329","https://openalex.org/W2734981382","https://openalex.org/W2789773147","https://openalex.org/W2799103635","https://openalex.org/W2809615303","https://openalex.org/W2893556909","https://openalex.org/W2907897161","https://openalex.org/W2963403664","https://openalex.org/W3103323619","https://openalex.org/W4253000688","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6735463952"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148973528","https://openalex.org/W2939392096","https://openalex.org/W4243922849","https://openalex.org/W2106726851","https://openalex.org/W4309385482","https://openalex.org/W2792878404","https://openalex.org/W2068740952","https://openalex.org/W1583147569","https://openalex.org/W2182496537","https://openalex.org/W3154843532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Steganalysis":[0],"of":[1,48,66,81,116],"the":[2,28,114,182],"Quantization":[3],"Index":[4],"Modulation":[5],"(QIM)":[6],"steganography":[7,31,50,188],"in":[8,15,39,154,185,189],"VoIP":[9,18,40,190],"(Voice-over":[10],"IP)":[11],"stream":[12],"is":[13,19,146],"conducted":[14],"this":[16,104],"research.":[17],"a":[20,109,123],"popular":[21],"media":[22],"streaming":[23],"and":[24,44,70,89,120,125,156,166],"communication":[25],"service":[26],"on":[27],"Internet.":[29],"QIM":[30,49],"makes":[32],"it":[33],"possible":[34],"to":[35,63,74,99,112,131,148,161],"hide":[36],"secret":[37],"information":[38,153],"streams.":[41,191],"Detecting":[42],"short":[43],"low":[45],"embedding":[46],"rates":[47],"samples":[51],"remains":[52],"an":[53],"unsolved":[54],"challenge.":[55],"Recently,":[56],"neural":[57,82],"network":[58,83,130],"models":[59],"have":[60],"been":[61],"demonstrated":[62],"be":[64,71],"capable":[65],"achieving":[67],"remarkable":[68],"performances":[69],"successfully":[72],"applied":[73],"many":[75],"different":[76,97],"tasks.":[77],"The":[78],"mainstream":[79],"architectures":[80,119],"include":[84],"Convolution":[85],"Neural":[86,91,143],"Networks":[87,92],"(CNNs)":[88],"Recurrent":[90,142],"(RNNs),":[93],"which":[94],"adopt":[95],"totally":[96],"ways":[98],"understand":[100],"various":[101],"signals.":[102],"In":[103,135],"paper,":[105],"we":[106],"first":[107],"indicate":[108],"proper":[110],"way":[111],"combine":[113],"strengths":[115],"these":[117],"two":[118],"then":[121],"construct":[122],"novel":[124],"unified":[126],"model":[127,179],"called":[128],"CNN-LSTM":[129],"detect":[132],"QIM-based":[133,187],"steganography.":[134],"our":[136,178],"model,":[137],"Bidirectional":[138],"Long":[139],"Short-Term":[140],"Memory":[141],"Network":[144],"(Bi-LSTM)":[145],"utilized":[147],"capture":[149,162],"long":[150],"time":[151],"contextual":[152],"carriers":[155],"CNN":[157],"was":[158],"used":[159],"subsequently":[160],"both":[163],"local":[164],"features":[165],"global":[167],"ones":[168],"as":[169,171],"well":[170],"temporal":[172],"carrier":[173],"features.":[174],"Experiments":[175],"showed":[176],"that":[177],"can":[180],"achieve":[181],"state-of-art":[183],"result":[184],"detecting":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}