{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964587392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3330430.3333646","title":"Student Code Trajectories in an Introductory Programming MOOC","display_name":"Student Code Trajectories in an Introductory Programming MOOC","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964587392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3330430.3333646","mag":"2964587392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3330430.3333646","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3330430.3333646","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Sixth (2019) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038797058","display_name":"Ayesha Bajwa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258931","display_name":"MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e85r662","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258931","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayesha Bajwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987","https://openalex.org/I4405258931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042705542","display_name":"Erik Hemberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2153-3506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258931","display_name":"MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e85r662","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258931","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Hemberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987","https://openalex.org/I4405258931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028474020","display_name":"Ana Bell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-3845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT, Cambridge, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000646181","display_name":"Una-May O\u2019Reilly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6923-8445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110987","display_name":"IIT@MIT","ror":"https://ror.org/01wp8zh54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326","https://openalex.org/I4210110987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258931","display_name":"MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e85r662","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258931","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Una-May O'Reilly","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT CSAIL, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110987","https://openalex.org/I4405258931"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.761002242565155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.7075730562210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.6097164154052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5401346683502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.5324975252151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4475373923778534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4311324954032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4090628921985626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2852410674095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24623408913612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.12041658163070679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12039452791213989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.761002242565155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.7075730562210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.6097164154052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5401346683502197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5324975252151489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4475373923778534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4311324954032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4090628921985626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2852410674095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24623408913612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.12041658163070679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12039452791213989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3330430.3333646","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3330430.3333646","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Sixth (2019) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997020823","https://openalex.org/W2033903049","https://openalex.org/W2089172953","https://openalex.org/W2111760158","https://openalex.org/W2164972124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888673113","https://openalex.org/W2212288070","https://openalex.org/W2056065966","https://openalex.org/W2352602608","https://openalex.org/W2062641654","https://openalex.org/W3149975758","https://openalex.org/W1517786189","https://openalex.org/W3213987435","https://openalex.org/W3023262859","https://openalex.org/W2367675495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"classrooms,":[1],"instructors":[2],"teaching":[3],"students":[4,73,98],"how":[5],"to":[6,11,38,55,65,70,82,100,102,135],"code":[7,53,127],"have":[8,113],"the":[9,33,77,90,106,136],"ability":[10,34],"monitor":[12],"progress":[13,142],"and":[14,62,92,109],"provide":[15,39],"feedback":[16,41],"through":[17],"regular":[18],"interaction.":[19],"There":[20],"is":[21],"generally":[22],"no":[23],"analogous":[24],"tracing":[25],"of":[26,35,52,89,138],"learning":[27],"progression":[28],"in":[29,58,76,87],"programming":[30,60],"MOOCs,":[31],"hindering":[32],"MOOC":[36,61],"platforms":[37],"automated":[40,139],"at":[42],"scale.":[43],"We":[44,68,118],"explore":[45,120],"features":[46],"for":[47,126,141],"every":[48],"certified":[49],"student's":[50],"history":[51],"submissions":[54],"specific":[56],"problems":[57],"a":[59],"measure":[63],"similarity":[64],"sample":[66,85],"solutions.":[67],"seek":[69],"understand":[71],"whether":[72],"who":[74],"succeed":[75],"course":[78,107],"reach":[79],"solutions":[80],"similar":[81],"these":[83],"instructor-intended":[84],"solutions,":[86],"terms":[88],"concepts":[91],"mechanisms":[93],"they":[94,131],"contain.":[95],"Furthermore,":[96],"do":[97],"learn":[99],"conform":[101],"instructor":[103],"expectations":[104],"as":[105],"progresses,":[108],"does":[110],"prior":[111],"experience":[112],"correlations":[114],"with":[115],"student":[116],"behavior?":[117],"also":[119],"what":[121],"feature":[122],"representations":[123],"are":[124,132],"sufficient":[125],"submission":[128],"history,":[129],"since":[130],"directly":[133],"applicable":[134],"development":[137],"tutors":[140],"tracking.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}