{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114045853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416637","title":"Demystifying diehard Android apps","display_name":"Demystifying diehard Android apps","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114045853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416637","mag":"3114045853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416637","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105519/1/Zhou_Demystifying_Diehard_Android.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396821","display_name":"Hao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8890-9208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427216","display_name":"Haoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6055-1898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088790914","display_name":"Yajin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7610-4736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400376","display_name":"Xiapu Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9082-3208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiapu Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000449889","display_name":"Yutian Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5677-4564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutian Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071512410","display_name":"Lei Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-5740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428026","display_name":"Ting Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4927-5833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100396821"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8261,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86352681,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"187","last_page":"198"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liveness","display_name":"Liveness","score":0.8187698125839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.7841290831565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7291449308395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android-app","display_name":"Android app","score":0.5486465692520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4475124180316925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.390292227268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3371138274669647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10919204354286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.05761373043060303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15569618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3561421","display_name":"Liveness","level":2,"score":0.8187698125839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.7841290831565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7291449308395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988045736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android app","level":3,"score":0.5486465692520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4475124180316925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.390292227268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3371138274669647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10919204354286194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.05761373043060303}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416637","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/105519","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/105519","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105519/1/Zhou_Demystifying_Diehard_Android.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/105519","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/105519","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/105519/1/Zhou_Demystifying_Diehard_Android.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G106991597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872438","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2366221679","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1953813","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2702356746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G37568934","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G393936824","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6170204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5760752404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Projects","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6058138561","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7501644542","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1951729","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G753796446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7814002136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018R01005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8138580079","display_name":"CAREER: Trustworthy Machine Learning from Untrusted Models","funder_award_id":"1953893","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114045853.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3114045853.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1450860479","https://openalex.org/W2072385532","https://openalex.org/W2078922545","https://openalex.org/W2103326816","https://openalex.org/W2125011234","https://openalex.org/W2140095007","https://openalex.org/W2166743230","https://openalex.org/W2562533059","https://openalex.org/W2583590634","https://openalex.org/W2597992093","https://openalex.org/W2613975456","https://openalex.org/W2617476279","https://openalex.org/W2621205833","https://openalex.org/W2700054830","https://openalex.org/W2728956140","https://openalex.org/W2739959195","https://openalex.org/W2757905449","https://openalex.org/W2794840863","https://openalex.org/W2889233250","https://openalex.org/W2890190663","https://openalex.org/W2904429768","https://openalex.org/W2934121458","https://openalex.org/W2951413859","https://openalex.org/W2980178671","https://openalex.org/W3027862040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2894765413","https://openalex.org/W769484497","https://openalex.org/W2794864670","https://openalex.org/W2922039621","https://openalex.org/W2940442438","https://openalex.org/W4383744737","https://openalex.org/W2773184731","https://openalex.org/W2949757294","https://openalex.org/W2581685432","https://openalex.org/W2548210451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smartphone":[0],"vendors":[1],"are":[2,41],"using":[3],"multiple":[4],"methods":[5,46],"to":[6,12,20,23,47],"kill":[7],"processes":[8],"of":[9,28,67],"Android":[10],"apps":[11,35,69],"reduce":[13],"the":[14,25,32,65,71],"battery":[15],"consumption.":[16],"This":[17],"motivates":[18],"developers":[19],"find":[21],"ways":[22],"extend":[24],"liveness":[26],"time":[27],"their":[29],"apps,":[30],"hence":[31],"name":[33],"diehard":[34,68],"in":[36,70],"this":[37,49],"paper.":[38],"Although":[39],"there":[40,51],"blogs":[42],"and":[43],"articles":[44],"illustrating":[45],"achieve":[48],"purpose,":[50],"is":[52,62],"no":[53],"systematic":[54],"research":[55],"about":[56,64],"them.":[57],"What's":[58],"more":[59],"important,":[60],"little":[61],"known":[63],"prevalence":[66],"wild.":[72]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}