{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3125333348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416628","title":"Generating concept based API element comparison using a knowledge graph","display_name":"Generating concept based API element comparison using a knowledge graph","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3125333348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416628","mag":"3125333348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355692","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-9215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100697907","display_name":"Mingwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3462-997X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101854992","display_name":"Xin Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3376-2581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077658936","display_name":"Christoph Treude","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-2149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Treude","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Adelaide, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028641941","display_name":"Zhenchang Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7663-1421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenchang Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Australian National University, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Australian National University, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669206","display_name":"Xiaoxin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7376-3736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100355692"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9628907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"834","last_page":"845"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9674999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8261772394180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.7312647700309753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.5836166143417358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5835234522819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-programming-interface","display_name":"Application programming interface","score":0.5659583210945129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.40479785203933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2732360363006592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.18624532222747803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8261772394180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.7312647700309753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.5836166143417358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5835234522819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99613125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165194","display_name":"Application programming interface","level":2,"score":0.5659583210945129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.40479785203933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2732360363006592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.18624532222747803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416628","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-9902","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/8899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416628","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579397108","https://openalex.org/W1840615776","https://openalex.org/W1966976587","https://openalex.org/W1968288944","https://openalex.org/W2039756785","https://openalex.org/W2062989416","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2082160726","https://openalex.org/W2115130131","https://openalex.org/W2117961744","https://openalex.org/W2122060876","https://openalex.org/W2123333323","https://openalex.org/W2124279581","https://openalex.org/W2147743860","https://openalex.org/W2148469619","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2366532918","https://openalex.org/W2593635859","https://openalex.org/W2617604339","https://openalex.org/W2901934569","https://openalex.org/W2904848345","https://openalex.org/W2963501364","https://openalex.org/W2963732033","https://openalex.org/W2967047440","https://openalex.org/W2968388969","https://openalex.org/W2994316338","https://openalex.org/W3101835033","https://openalex.org/W3110837624","https://openalex.org/W3125137594","https://openalex.org/W4239249613","https://openalex.org/W4241395538","https://openalex.org/W4251742697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2618286804","https://openalex.org/W2329643025","https://openalex.org/W2002770077","https://openalex.org/W3131163342","https://openalex.org/W2092256833","https://openalex.org/W2142369114","https://openalex.org/W4244946961","https://openalex.org/W2915114672","https://openalex.org/W4221141299","https://openalex.org/W2073875337"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developers":[0],"are":[1,33,57,154,177],"concerned":[2],"with":[3],"the":[4,85,131,140,148],"comparison":[5,31,86,118,149,175],"of":[6,11,21,53,87,90,124,133,136],"similar":[7],"APIs":[8],"in":[9,43,139,182],"terms":[10],"their":[12],"commonalities":[13],"and":[14,25,35,110,168,171],"(often":[15],"subtle)":[16],"differences.":[17],"Our":[18,47,98,127],"empirical":[19],"study":[20,48],"Stack":[22],"Overflow":[23],"questions":[24,32],"API":[26,30,44,54,60,77,80,91,107,117,125,141,174,183],"documentation":[27,82],"confirms":[28],"that":[29,56,74,130],"common":[34],"can":[36],"often":[37],"be":[38],"answered":[39],"by":[40,152,160],"knowledge":[41,69,78,108,138,142],"contained":[42],"reference":[45,81],"documentation.":[46],"also":[49],"identifies":[50],"eight":[51],"types":[52],"statements":[55],"useful":[58,178],"for":[59,104,114,120,179],"comparison.":[61],"Based":[62],"on":[63,165],"these":[64],"findings,":[65],"we":[66],"propose":[67],"a":[68,88,121,161],"graph":[70,143],"based":[71,164],"approach":[72,99,163],"APIComp":[73,153],"automatically":[75],"extracts":[76],"from":[79,95],"to":[83],"support":[84],"pair":[89,123],"classes":[92],"or":[93],"methods":[94],"different":[96,134],"aspects.":[97],"includes":[100],"an":[101,106,111,116],"offline":[102],"phase":[103,113],"constructing":[105],"graph,":[109],"online":[112],"generating":[115],"result":[119],"given":[122],"elements.":[126],"evaluation":[128],"shows":[129],"quality":[132],"kinds":[135],"extracted":[137],"is":[144],"generally":[145],"high.":[146],"Furthermore,":[147],"results":[150,176],"generated":[151,159,173],"significantly":[155],"better":[156],"than":[157],"those":[158],"baseline":[162],"heuristic":[166],"rules":[167],"text":[169],"similarity,":[170],"our":[172],"helping":[180],"developers":[181],"selection":[184],"tasks.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
