{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047895653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416626","title":"Demystifying loops in smart contracts","display_name":"Demystifying loops in smart contracts","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047895653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416626","mag":"3047895653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416626","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3324884.3416626","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3324884.3416626","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080981819","display_name":"Benjamin Mariano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-6260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Mariano","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101573237","display_name":"Yanju Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-3126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanju Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101567136","display_name":"Yu Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1000-1229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041084431","display_name":"Shuvendu K. Lahiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-4777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuvendu K. Lahiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006424908","display_name":"I\u015f\u0131l Dillig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-1230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isil Dillig","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at Austin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at Austin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080981819"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9779,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86962471,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"262","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-subscriber-line","display_name":"Digital subscriber line","score":0.9623444080352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solidity","display_name":"Solidity","score":0.9527707099914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolchain","display_name":"Toolchain","score":0.8983889818191528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7431714534759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-specific-language","display_name":"Domain-specific language","score":0.5380359292030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.523134171962738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.5041676759719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4292307496070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.37490445375442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13663312792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0945284366607666}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201374245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104534","display_name":"Digital subscriber line","level":2,"score":0.9623444080352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778362873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24909565","display_name":"Solidity","level":2,"score":0.9527707099914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777062904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545406","display_name":"Toolchain","level":3,"score":0.8983889818191528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7431714534759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135257023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691358","display_name":"Domain-specific language","level":2,"score":0.5380359292030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.523134171962738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5041676759719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4292307496070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.37490445375442505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13663312792778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0945284366607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416626","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3324884.3416626","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3324884.3416626","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3324884.3416626","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3324884.3416626","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4104542924","display_name":"SHF: Medium: Collaborative Research: Computer-Aided Programming for Data Science","funder_award_id":"1762299","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5503499271","display_name":"SHF: Small: Scalable Program Synthesis using Counterexample-Guided Abstraction Refinement","funder_award_id":"1811865","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5985606540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1908494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047895653.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047895653.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57185801","https://openalex.org/W176283517","https://openalex.org/W1545038039","https://openalex.org/W1563374593","https://openalex.org/W1565898282","https://openalex.org/W1600009974","https://openalex.org/W1858945639","https://openalex.org/W1970165929","https://openalex.org/W1970168990","https://openalex.org/W2032153666","https://openalex.org/W2040856861","https://openalex.org/W2057156093","https://openalex.org/W2067871120","https://openalex.org/W2093535699","https://openalex.org/W2098022036","https://openalex.org/W2132661148","https://openalex.org/W2138224468","https://openalex.org/W2148050168","https://openalex.org/W2151463894","https://openalex.org/W2166924764","https://openalex.org/W2168103835","https://openalex.org/W2399923814","https://openalex.org/W2418260908","https://openalex.org/W2472147697","https://openalex.org/W2539190473","https://openalex.org/W2550471858","https://openalex.org/W2561055248","https://openalex.org/W2603456259","https://openalex.org/W2769609281","https://openalex.org/W2790202156","https://openalex.org/W2805052744","https://openalex.org/W2846896781","https://openalex.org/W2898569715","https://openalex.org/W2898652659","https://openalex.org/W2906668391","https://openalex.org/W2946161258","https://openalex.org/W2963426888","https://openalex.org/W2964240296","https://openalex.org/W2970809537","https://openalex.org/W2979746918","https://openalex.org/W2997591727","https://openalex.org/W3009272933","https://openalex.org/W3011737828","https://openalex.org/W3016155638","https://openalex.org/W3104720502","https://openalex.org/W3105187050","https://openalex.org/W3158747708","https://openalex.org/W4237412827","https://openalex.org/W4254377784"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047895653","https://openalex.org/W2119542776","https://openalex.org/W2014596857","https://openalex.org/W2582410692","https://openalex.org/W1485300234","https://openalex.org/W2058907533","https://openalex.org/W2258960507","https://openalex.org/W2140083133","https://openalex.org/W2097052821","https://openalex.org/W4246607062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,65,131],"shed":[4],"light":[5],"on":[6,33,44,51],"how":[7],"loops":[8,25,79,116],"are":[9,128],"used":[10,26,64],"in":[11,27,70,83,103,120],"smart":[12,48,77],"contracts.":[13,49],"Towards":[14],"this":[15],"goal,":[16],"we":[17,54,87],"study":[18],"various":[19],"syntactic":[20],"and":[21,90,123],"semantic":[22],"characteristics":[23],"of":[24,40,76,113,125],"over":[28],"20,000":[29],"Solidity":[30],"contracts":[31],"deployed":[32],"the":[34,38,114,132],"Ethereum":[35],"blockchain,":[36],"with":[37],"goal":[39],"informing":[41],"future":[42],"research":[43],"program":[45,93],"analysis":[46],"for":[47],"Based":[50],"our":[52,84,104,121],"findings,":[53],"propose":[55],"a":[56,92],"small":[57],"domain-specific":[58],"language":[59],"(DSL)":[60],"that":[61,98,109],"can":[62,80,99,117],"be":[63,81,118],"summarize":[66],"common":[67],"looping":[68],"patterns":[69],"Solidity.":[71],"To":[72],"evaluate":[73],"what":[74],"percentage":[75],"contract":[78],"expressed":[82],"proposed":[85],"DSL,":[86,122],"also":[88],"design":[89],"implement":[91],"synthesis":[94],"toolchain":[95],"called":[96],"Solis":[97],"synthesize":[100],"loop":[101],"summaries":[102,127],"DSL.":[105],"Our":[106],"evaluation":[107],"shows":[108],"at":[110],"least":[111],"56%":[112],"analyzed":[115],"summarized":[119],"81%":[124],"these":[126],"exactly":[129],"equivalent":[130],"original":[133],"loop.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
