{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4254917727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3322205.3311080","title":"Crystal Gazer","display_name":"Crystal Gazer","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4254917727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3322205.3311080"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3322205.3311080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3322205.3311080","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3322205.3311080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3322205.3311080","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019108357","display_name":"Shoaib Akram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-0517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801227569","display_name":"Ghent University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkp704","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoaib Akram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032224428","display_name":"Jennifer B. Sartor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801227569","display_name":"Ghent University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkp704","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Sartor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087054368","display_name":"Kathryn S. McKinley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-2501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathryn McKinley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033119975","display_name":"Lieven Eeckhout","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-4473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lieven Eeckhout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.234,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79830337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.8556603193283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.7727869749069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7498503923416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage","display_name":"Garbage","score":0.5946314930915833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-volatile-memory","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","score":0.5445353388786316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5321394801139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-memory","display_name":"Universal memory","score":0.4677201807498932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4610106348991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4568016231060028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.34423935413360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.3088850975036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.28923407196998596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.15947145223617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleaved-memory","display_name":"Interleaved memory","score":0.1334916353225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.0916074812412262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.8556603193283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.7727869749069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7498503923416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.5946314930915833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177950962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10997658","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","level":2,"score":0.5445353388786316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5321394801139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195053848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7894141","display_name":"Universal memory","level":5,"score":0.4677201807498932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4610106348991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4568016231060028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.34423935413360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.3088850975036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.28923407196998596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.15947145223617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63511323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908936","display_name":"Interleaved memory","level":4,"score":0.1334916353225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0916074812412262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3322205.3311080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3322205.3311080","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3322205.3311080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8610329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8610329","pdf_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8610329/file/8677266.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2476-1249","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3322205.3311080","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3322205.3311080","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3322205.3311080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193547","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","issn_l":"2476-1249","issn":["2476-1249"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3782881470","display_name":"Load Slice Core: A Power and Cost-Efficient Microarchitecture for the Future","funder_award_id":"741097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","funder_display_name":"H2020 European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5765668298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G.0144.17N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7699181793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G.0434.16N and G.0144.17N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8226679159","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G.0434.16N","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","funder_display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313460","display_name":"Agentschap Innoveren en Ondernemen","ror":"https://ror.org/032xdry56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338335","display_name":"H2020 European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4254917727.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4254917727.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993924043","https://openalex.org/W2005330614","https://openalex.org/W2012116223","https://openalex.org/W2016922549","https://openalex.org/W2024713391","https://openalex.org/W2028802049","https://openalex.org/W2036899386","https://openalex.org/W2041876859","https://openalex.org/W2042059673","https://openalex.org/W2042571389","https://openalex.org/W2048588974","https://openalex.org/W2050801173","https://openalex.org/W2060525997","https://openalex.org/W2077401012","https://openalex.org/W2078973953","https://openalex.org/W2085325584","https://openalex.org/W2097077279","https://openalex.org/W2098463429","https://openalex.org/W2101251595","https://openalex.org/W2101464091","https://openalex.org/W2102449048","https://openalex.org/W2104057788","https://openalex.org/W2104305170","https://openalex.org/W2107917004","https://openalex.org/W2112753327","https://openalex.org/W2112832394","https://openalex.org/W2114139104","https://openalex.org/W2141157907","https://openalex.org/W2146766856","https://openalex.org/W2156929189","https://openalex.org/W2157213285","https://openalex.org/W2166034429","https://openalex.org/W2166091242","https://openalex.org/W2292369231","https://openalex.org/W2294387582","https://openalex.org/W2519926484","https://openalex.org/W2524130066","https://openalex.org/W2798337732","https://openalex.org/W2799012131","https://openalex.org/W2811456133","https://openalex.org/W2963288320","https://openalex.org/W4231060654","https://openalex.org/W4238828805","https://openalex.org/W4242157440","https://openalex.org/W4247436192"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094308961","https://openalex.org/W2940935572","https://openalex.org/W2058324775","https://openalex.org/W2757243649","https://openalex.org/W4254917727","https://openalex.org/W3091205277","https://openalex.org/W1993492481","https://openalex.org/W4294408872","https://openalex.org/W3118354646","https://openalex.org/W2529958778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Non-volatile":[0],"memories":[1,18,44,80],"(NVM)":[2],"offer":[3],"greater":[4],"capacity":[5,72],"than":[6],"DRAM":[7,20,114,130,169],"but":[8],"suffer":[9],"from":[10,123,156],"high":[11,32,38],"latency":[12],"and":[13,21,37,132,171,216],"low":[14,34],"write":[15],"endurance.":[16,39],"Hybrid":[17],"combine":[19],"NVM":[22,71,75,138,172,199,212],"to":[23,45,69,84,127,135,198,201,204],"form":[24],"scalable":[25],"memory":[26,186],"systems":[27],"with":[28,81],"the":[29,85,149,194,209],"promise":[30,48],"of":[31,196,211],"capacity,":[33,215],"energy":[35],"consumption,":[36],"Automatically":[40],"managing":[41],"hybrid":[42,79,184],"NVM-DRAM":[43,185],"achieve":[46],"their":[47,54],"without":[49],"changing":[50],"user":[51],"applications":[52],"or":[53],"programming":[55,86],"models":[56],"remains":[57],"an":[58],"open":[59],"question.":[60],"This":[61],"paper":[62],"uses":[63],"garbage":[64,92,159,191],"collection":[65,192],"in":[66,78,112,148],"managed":[67],"languages":[68],"exploit":[70],"while":[73],"preventing":[74],"wear":[76],"out":[77],"no":[82],"changes":[83],"model.":[87],"We":[88],"introduce":[89],"profile-driven":[90,189],"write-rationing":[91,158,190],"collection.":[93],"Allocation":[94],"sites":[95,126],"that":[96,182,188],"produce":[97],"frequently":[98],"written":[99,125],"objects":[100,122,134,147],"are":[101,109],"predicted":[102],"based":[103],"on":[104,179],"previous":[105],"program":[106],"executions.":[107],"Objects":[108],"initially":[110],"allocated":[111],"a":[113,128,136,165],"nursery":[115,121],"space.":[116],"The":[117],"collector":[118],"copies":[119],"surviving":[120],"highly":[124],"mature":[129,137],"space":[131],"read-mostly":[133],"space.Write-intensity":[139],"prediction":[140],"for":[141,213],"15":[142],"Java":[143],"benchmarks":[144],"accurately":[145],"places":[146],"correct":[150],"space,":[151],"eliminating":[152],"expensive":[153],"object":[154],"monitoring":[155],"prior":[157,175,202],"collectors.":[160],"Furthermore,":[161],"our":[162],"technique":[163],"exposes":[164],"Pareto":[166],"tradeoff":[167],"between":[168],"usage":[170],"lifetime,":[173,207],"unlike":[174],"work.":[176],"Experimental":[177],"results":[178],"NUMA":[180],"hardware":[181],"emulates":[183],"demonstrates":[187],"reduces":[193],"number":[195],"writes":[197],"compared":[200],"work":[203],"extend":[205],"its":[206,214],"maximizes":[208],"use":[210],"achieves":[217],"good":[218],"performance.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2022-05-12T00:00:00"}
