{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955657522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3326935","title":"Genetic programming methods for reinforcement learning","display_name":"Genetic programming methods for reinforcement learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955657522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3326935","mag":"2955657522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3321707.3326935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3326935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084264842","display_name":"Robert Babu\u0161ka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9578-8598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Babuska","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084264842"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11663","display_name":"Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8262572288513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-regression","display_name":"Symbolic regression","score":0.7738462090492249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.766095757484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7241500020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6199299693107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5672784447669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bellman-equation","display_name":"Bellman equation","score":0.5444137454032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5150356292724609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4507552981376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4214915931224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function-approximation","display_name":"Function approximation","score":0.41393887996673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.34240472316741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14575150609016418}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8262572288513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776400721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18171762","display_name":"Symbolic regression","level":3,"score":0.7738462090492249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.766095757484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7241500020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6199299693107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5672784447669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14646407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430750","display_name":"Bellman equation","level":2,"score":0.5444137454032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5150356292724609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4507552981376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4214915931224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91873725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3445816","display_name":"Function approximation","level":3,"score":0.41393887996673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.34240472316741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14575150609016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3321707.3326935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3326935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2968285896","https://openalex.org/W2381504162","https://openalex.org/W1567571923","https://openalex.org/W2472646430","https://openalex.org/W2610450612","https://openalex.org/W2549153708","https://openalex.org/W1964607451","https://openalex.org/W2897801744","https://openalex.org/W2147355282","https://openalex.org/W2394133867"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reinforcement":[0],"Learning":[1],"(RL)":[2],"algorithms":[3,22],"can":[4,152],"be":[5,153],"used":[6,37],"to":[7,28,98,118],"optimally":[8],"solve":[9],"dynamic":[10],"decision-making":[11],"and":[12,18,33,63,68,109,122,139,162],"control":[13,149],"problems.":[14],"With":[15],"continuous-valued":[16],"state":[17],"input":[19],"variables,":[20],"RL":[21,103],"must":[23],"rely":[24],"on":[25],"function":[26,32,46],"approximators":[27,101],"represent":[29],"the":[30,60,84,166],"value":[31,123],"policy":[34],"mappings.":[35],"Commonly":[36],"numerical":[38],"approximators,":[39],"such":[40,133],"as":[41,134],"neural":[42,80],"networks":[43,81],"or":[44],"basis":[45],"expansions,":[47],"have":[48],"two":[49],"main":[50],"drawbacks:":[51],"they":[52,64],"are":[53],"black-box":[54],"models":[55,121],"offering":[56],"no":[57],"insight":[58],"in":[59],"mappings":[61],"learnt,":[62],"require":[65],"significant":[66],"trial":[67],"error":[69],"tuning":[70],"of":[71,86,95,106,147,165,171],"their":[72],"meta-parameters.":[73],"In":[74,88],"addition,":[75],"results":[76],"obtained":[77],"with":[78,159],"deep":[79],"suffer":[82],"from":[83],"lack":[85],"reproducibility.":[87],"this":[89,168],"talk,":[90],"we":[91],"discuss":[92],"a":[93],"family":[94],"new":[96],"approaches":[97],"constructing":[99],"smooth":[100],"for":[102],"by":[104,112,126,156],"means":[105],"genetic":[107],"programming":[108],"more":[110],"specifically":[111],"symbolic":[113,160],"regression.":[114],"We":[115,143],"show":[116],"how":[117],"construct":[119],"process":[120],"functions":[124],"represented":[125],"parsimonious":[127],"analytic":[128],"expressions":[129],"using":[130],"state-of-the-art":[131],"algorithms,":[132],"Single":[135],"Node":[136],"Genetic":[137,141],"Programming":[138],"Multi-Gene":[140],"Programming.":[142],"will":[144],"include":[145],"examples":[146],"nonlinear":[148],"problems":[150],"that":[151],"successfully":[154],"solved":[155],"reinforcement":[157],"learning":[158],"regression":[161],"illustrate":[163],"some":[164],"challenges":[167],"exciting":[169],"field":[170],"research":[172],"is":[173],"currently":[174],"facing.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}