{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955741297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3321765","title":"Surrogates for hierarchical search spaces","display_name":"Surrogates for hierarchical search spaces","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955741297","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3321765","mag":"2955741297"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3321707.3321765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3321765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102917019","display_name":"Daniel Horn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-0482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Horn","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054182322","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Stork","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-3498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102520234","display_name":"TH K\u00f6ln - University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/014nnvj65","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102520234"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Stork","raw_affiliation_strings":["TH K\u00f6ln, Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TH K\u00f6ln, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102520234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054484011","display_name":"Nils-Jannik Sch\u00fc\u00dfler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nils-Jannik Sch\u00fc\u00dfler","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029388735","display_name":"Martin Zaefferer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-2092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102520234","display_name":"TH K\u00f6ln - University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/014nnvj65","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102520234"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Zaefferer","raw_affiliation_strings":["TH K\u00f6ln, Cologne, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TH K\u00f6ln, Cologne, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102520234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71849427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"916","last_page":"924"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12814","display_name":"Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11798","display_name":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7291567921638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6121402978897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5772752165794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.49806666374206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.43416842818260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.4112720489501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3936101198196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.393235981464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35602521896362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3353283405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3322097063064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3112528622150421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.29906463623046875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7291567921638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6121402978897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5772752165794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.49806666374206543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.43416842818260193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.4112720489501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3936101198196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.393235981464386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35602521896362305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3353283405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3322097063064575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3112528622150421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.29906463623046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3321707.3321765","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3321707.3321765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608932","display_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510052597","https://openalex.org/W1944603233","https://openalex.org/W1990368529","https://openalex.org/W2006737939","https://openalex.org/W2099929014","https://openalex.org/W2128563800","https://openalex.org/W2143185749","https://openalex.org/W2478899349","https://openalex.org/W2997546679","https://openalex.org/W4294141750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968523686","https://openalex.org/W566010457","https://openalex.org/W2600092203","https://openalex.org/W4293503520","https://openalex.org/W4300066510","https://openalex.org/W2056958800","https://openalex.org/W2803685231","https://openalex.org/W3134152097","https://openalex.org/W4311388919","https://openalex.org/W2966696655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimization":[0],"in":[1,65],"hierarchical":[2,63,85,190],"search":[3,86,191],"spaces":[4],"deals":[5],"with":[6],"variables":[7,19],"that":[8,76,131],"only":[9],"have":[10,56],"an":[11,98],"influence":[12],"on":[13,97,133],"the":[14,28,32,52,62,66,120,142,171,183],"objective":[15,33,53],"function":[16,34,159],"if":[17,45],"other":[18],"fulfill":[20],"certain":[21],"conditions.":[22],"These":[23],"types":[24],"of":[25,113,117,145,150,155,170,187],"conditions":[26],"complicate":[27],"optimization":[29],"process.":[30],"If":[31],"is":[35,74,91,124,179],"expensive":[36],"to":[37,50,57,60,83,93,127,181],"evaluate,":[38],"these":[39],"complications":[40],"are":[41,48],"further":[42],"compounded.":[43],"Especially,":[44],"surrogate":[46],"models":[47,79],"learned":[49],"replace":[51],"function,":[54],"they":[55],"be":[58],"able":[59],"respect":[61],"dependencies":[64],"data.":[67],"In":[68],"this":[69],"work":[70],"a":[71,105,139,164],"new":[72,89,177],"kernel":[73,90],"introduced,":[75],"allows":[77],"Kriging":[78],"(Gaussian":[80],"process":[81],"regression)":[82],"handle":[84],"spaces.":[87,192],"This":[88,176],"compared":[92],"existing":[94],"kernels":[95,188],"based":[96],"artificial":[99,157],"benchmark":[100,114,186],"function.":[101],"Thereby,":[102],"we":[103,162],"face":[104],"typical":[106],"algorithm":[107,129,147,166],"design":[108],"problem:":[109],"The":[110],"statistical":[111],"analysis":[112,144],"results.":[115],"Instead":[116,149],"just":[118],"identifying":[119],"best":[121],"algorithm,":[122],"it":[123],"often":[125],"desirable":[126],"compute":[128],"rankings":[130,169],"depend":[132],"additional":[134],"experimental":[135],"parameters.":[136],"We":[137],"propose":[138],"method":[140,178],"for":[141,189],"automated":[143],"such":[146],"comparisons.":[148],"investigating":[151],"all":[152],"parameter":[153],"constellations":[154],"our":[156],"test":[158],"at":[160],"once,":[161],"apply":[163],"cluster":[165],"and":[167],"analyze":[168,182],"algorithms":[172],"within":[173],"each":[174],"cluster.":[175],"used":[180],"above":[184],"mentioned":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
