{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2985716091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3319535.3354226","title":"Onion Ring ORAM","display_name":"Onion Ring ORAM","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2985716091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3319535.3354226","mag":"2985716091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3319535.3354226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3319535.3354226","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353665","display_name":"Hao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4457-6231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072342084","display_name":"Ilaria Chillotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0319-4707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilaria Chillotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002519367","display_name":"Ling Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3437-7570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100353665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7226,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79270037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"345","last_page":"360"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.809860110282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7222418189048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5759723782539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5758398175239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4658411741256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logarithm","display_name":"Logarithm","score":0.4547518789768219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4199534058570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4147624969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3331848978996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.3128378689289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.26254135370254517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23823246359825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20808857679367065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.809860110282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7222418189048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5759723782539368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5758398175239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4658411741256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.4547518789768219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4199534058570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4147624969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3331848978996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.3128378689289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.26254135370254517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23823246359825134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20808857679367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3319535.3354226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3319535.3354226","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56544557","https://openalex.org/W114088334","https://openalex.org/W148817282","https://openalex.org/W1491861813","https://openalex.org/W1544327602","https://openalex.org/W1545698365","https://openalex.org/W1664413462","https://openalex.org/W1678962037","https://openalex.org/W1821700043","https://openalex.org/W1887472920","https://openalex.org/W1979120705","https://openalex.org/W1988374166","https://openalex.org/W1992282993","https://openalex.org/W1993131747","https://openalex.org/W1995227741","https://openalex.org/W2003497093","https://openalex.org/W2004839833","https://openalex.org/W2005756274","https://openalex.org/W2014465787","https://openalex.org/W2033165262","https://openalex.org/W2037357643","https://openalex.org/W2048466306","https://openalex.org/W2051576234","https://openalex.org/W2061949491","https://openalex.org/W2067768229","https://openalex.org/W2096379058","https://openalex.org/W2098290658","https://openalex.org/W2100095839","https://openalex.org/W2114579918","https://openalex.org/W2117241830","https://openalex.org/W2139829638","https://openalex.org/W2143020967","https://openalex.org/W2147758029","https://openalex.org/W2150620897","https://openalex.org/W2152926062","https://openalex.org/W2155720185","https://openalex.org/W2160222995","https://openalex.org/W2170993700","https://openalex.org/W2247375362","https://openalex.org/W2294070790","https://openalex.org/W2296585978","https://openalex.org/W2400700555","https://openalex.org/W2404098708","https://openalex.org/W2472177816","https://openalex.org/W2517979719","https://openalex.org/W2532292902","https://openalex.org/W2540100037","https://openalex.org/W2554750353","https://openalex.org/W2559022203","https://openalex.org/W2591462376","https://openalex.org/W2603398316","https://openalex.org/W2616901112","https://openalex.org/W2626019822","https://openalex.org/W2728553671","https://openalex.org/W2765962063","https://openalex.org/W2768505000","https://openalex.org/W2787153911","https://openalex.org/W2793957616","https://openalex.org/W2794927157","https://openalex.org/W2796933658","https://openalex.org/W2809996417","https://openalex.org/W2883089683","https://openalex.org/W2898997176","https://openalex.org/W2902751186","https://openalex.org/W2962821297","https://openalex.org/W3029037520","https://openalex.org/W3111157406","https://openalex.org/W3122396833","https://openalex.org/W3194259896","https://openalex.org/W4231164953","https://openalex.org/W4299301436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539930818","https://openalex.org/W4390664647","https://openalex.org/W3012147850","https://openalex.org/W4313300189","https://openalex.org/W2949835517","https://openalex.org/W2601739120","https://openalex.org/W4256358502","https://openalex.org/W2625655658","https://openalex.org/W2771047361","https://openalex.org/W4317178672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Oblivious":[0],"RAM":[1],"(ORAM)":[2],"is":[3,74,110,202],"a":[4,9,22,34,70,165,172],"cryptographic":[5],"primitive":[6],"that":[7,185],"allows":[8],"client":[10],"to":[11,15,100,113,118],"hide":[12],"access":[13,213],"pattern":[14],"its":[16],"data":[17,49],"encrypted":[18],"and":[19,91,151,183,195,216],"stored":[20],"at":[21,42],"remote":[23],"server.":[24],"Traditionally,":[25],"ORAM":[26,40,56,90,94,138,149,182,191,197],"algorithms":[27,57],"assume":[28],"the":[29,60,85,119,133,141,147,152,156,199],"server":[30,86,143],"acts":[31],"purely":[32,115],"as":[33],"storage":[35],"device.":[36],"Under":[37,204],"this":[38,77,126],"assumption,":[39],"has":[41],"least":[43],"log(N)":[44],"bandwidth":[45,63,72,104,137],"blowup":[46],"for":[47,89],"N":[48],"entries.":[50],"After":[51],"three":[52],"decades":[53],"of":[54,108,122,155,167],"improvements,":[55,168],"have":[58],"reached":[59],"optimal":[61],"logarithmic":[62],"blowup.":[64,105],"Nonetheless,":[65],"in":[66,140],"many":[67],"practical":[68],"use-cases":[69],"constant":[71,102,136],"overhead":[73],"desirable.":[75],"To":[76],"purpose,":[78],"Devadas":[79],"et":[80,161],"al.":[81],"(TCC":[82],"2016)":[83],"formalized":[84],"computation":[87,99],"model":[88],"proposed":[92],"Onion":[93,130,148,180],"which":[95],"relies":[96],"on":[97,146],"homomorphic":[98,123,175],"achieve":[101],"worst-case":[103],"This":[106],"line":[107],"work":[109],"generally":[111],"believed":[112],"be":[114],"theoretical,":[116],"due":[117],"large":[120],"overheads":[121],"computation.":[124],"In":[125],"paper,":[127],"we":[128],"present":[129],"Ring":[131,181,196,222],"ORAM,":[132],"first":[134],"efficient":[135,174],"scheme":[139,158],"single":[142],"model,":[144],"based":[145],"construction":[150,208],"leveled":[153],"version":[154],"TFHE":[157],"by":[159,214,219],"Chillotti":[160],"al..":[162],"We":[163,178],"propose":[164],"series":[166],"most":[169],"notably":[170],"including":[171],"more":[173],"permutation":[176],"protocol.":[177],"implement":[179],"show":[184],"it":[186],"can":[187],"outperform":[188],"state-of-the-art":[189],"logarithmic-bandwidth":[190],"like":[192],"Path":[193],"ORAMs":[194],"when":[198],"network":[200],"throughput":[201],"limited.":[203],"one":[205],"setting,":[206],"our":[207],"reduces":[209],"monetary":[210],"cost":[211],"per":[212],"40%":[215],"end-to-end":[217],"latency":[218],"35%":[220],"over":[221],"ORAM.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T09:09:15.849793","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}