{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944095091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3317550.3321451","title":"Towards Automatic Inference of Inductive Invariants","display_name":"Towards Automatic Inference of Inductive Invariants","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944095091","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3317550.3321451","mag":"2944095091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3317550.3321451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3317550.3321451","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011059777","display_name":"Haojun Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2155-4809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haojun Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063351940","display_name":"Aman Goel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0520-8890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aman Goel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002069299","display_name":"Jean-Baptiste Jeannin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-1447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Baptiste Jeannin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083609711","display_name":"Manos Kapritsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-7418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manos Kapritsos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050964144","display_name":"Baris Kasikci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-8998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baris Kasikci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077314055","display_name":"Karem A. Sakallah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5819-9089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karem A. Sakallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011059777"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7001,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77329769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"30","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.8824539184570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.8015220165252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7642620801925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-proof","display_name":"Formal proof","score":0.7025611400604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.6181046366691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.6090912222862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5681132674217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5348151326179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5143455266952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4780866801738739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-assistant","display_name":"Proof assistant","score":0.467180073261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-theorem-proving","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","score":0.4426310956478119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-reasoning","display_name":"Inductive reasoning","score":0.4380127191543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-method","display_name":"Inductive method","score":0.42154067754745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1946941316127777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12410226464271545}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.8824539184570312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.8015220165252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7642620801925659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94461902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2762418","display_name":"Formal proof","level":3,"score":0.7025611400604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6181046366691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.6090912222862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5681132674217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5348151326179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5143455266952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4780866801738739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203265346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11387554","display_name":"Proof assistant","level":3,"score":0.467180073261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206880738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431667","display_name":"Automated theorem proving","level":2,"score":0.4426310956478119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21563000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484511","display_name":"Inductive reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4380127191543579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993131915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484511","display_name":"Inductive method","level":3,"score":0.42154067754745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1946941316127777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12410226464271545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3317550.3321451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3317550.3321451","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81626549","https://openalex.org/W145069693","https://openalex.org/W312542757","https://openalex.org/W1434079718","https://openalex.org/W1498946538","https://openalex.org/W1504504841","https://openalex.org/W1549166962","https://openalex.org/W1561112849","https://openalex.org/W1566132409","https://openalex.org/W1710734607","https://openalex.org/W1983119041","https://openalex.org/W1994026499","https://openalex.org/W2009489720","https://openalex.org/W2072062729","https://openalex.org/W2073742357","https://openalex.org/W2075854425","https://openalex.org/W2091776255","https://openalex.org/W2094382938","https://openalex.org/W2096449544","https://openalex.org/W2101512909","https://openalex.org/W2106192381","https://openalex.org/W2109123667","https://openalex.org/W2118791871","https://openalex.org/W2130427425","https://openalex.org/W2136310957","https://openalex.org/W2154005761","https://openalex.org/W2158493209","https://openalex.org/W2167814583","https://openalex.org/W2211800868","https://openalex.org/W2294903570","https://openalex.org/W2410019603","https://openalex.org/W2603705845","https://openalex.org/W2611698539","https://openalex.org/W2761236351","https://openalex.org/W2761718075","https://openalex.org/W2779005308","https://openalex.org/W2946659027","https://openalex.org/W2947455595","https://openalex.org/W3102469351","https://openalex.org/W4237492309","https://openalex.org/W4240226860","https://openalex.org/W4243887386","https://openalex.org/W4250846042","https://openalex.org/W6696803032"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3026697850","https://openalex.org/W1524804222","https://openalex.org/W3173194202","https://openalex.org/W2951182230","https://openalex.org/W4297608983","https://openalex.org/W3100311625","https://openalex.org/W26319539","https://openalex.org/W1825610764","https://openalex.org/W4386746735","https://openalex.org/W2977918285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"systems":[1],"are":[2],"notoriously":[3],"difficult":[4],"to":[5,21],"design":[6],"and":[7,15,62],"implement":[8],"correctly.":[9],"Formal":[10],"verification":[11,32],"provides":[12],"correctness":[13],"proofs,":[14],"has":[16],"recently":[17],"been":[18],"successfully":[19],"applied":[20],"various":[22],"distributed":[23],"systems.":[24],"At":[25],"the":[26,46,50,60,68],"heart":[27],"of":[28,49,67],"a":[29,34,52],"typical":[30],"formal":[31,72],"is":[33,45,55,63],"computer-checked":[35],"proof":[36],"with":[37,71],"an":[38],"inductive":[39,43],"invariant.":[40],"Finding":[41],"this":[42],"invariant":[44],"hardest":[47],"part":[48,53],"proof:":[51],"that":[54],"currently":[56],"undertaken":[57],"manually":[58],"by":[59],"developer":[61],"responsible":[64],"for":[65],"most":[66],"effort":[69],"associated":[70],"verification.":[73]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
