{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946522255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316551.3316569","title":"Lingual and Acoustic Differences in EWE Oral and Nasal Vowels","display_name":"Lingual and Acoustic Differences in EWE Oral and Nasal Vowels","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946522255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316551.3316569","mag":"2946522255"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3316551.3316569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316551.3316569","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055049891","display_name":"Kowovi Comivi Alowonou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kowovi Comivi Alowonou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027428789","display_name":"Jianguo Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8964-9759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianguo Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082286929","display_name":"Wenhuan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7951-8907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhuan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745764","display_name":"Zhicheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7543-1946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhicheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060582594","display_name":"Kiyoshi Honda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7725-5031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiyoshi Honda","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017251198","display_name":"Jianwu Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-4821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177738480","display_name":"Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frj4r98","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177738480"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwu Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Ishikawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177738480"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055049891"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1919,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57366421,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"104","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasalization","display_name":"Nasalization","score":0.978277325630188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tongue","display_name":"Tongue","score":0.8949909210205078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formant","display_name":"Formant","score":0.7081175446510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nasal-vowel","display_name":"Nasal vowel","score":0.596477210521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.5147335529327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.41651642322540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4042947590351105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.38847166299819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3647397756576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vowel","display_name":"Vowel","score":0.3350352644920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.20137912034988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10045251250267029}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516976414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606582","display_name":"Nasalization","level":3,"score":0.978277325630188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779744641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9614","display_name":"Tongue","level":2,"score":0.8949909210205078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414685","display_name":"Formant","level":3,"score":0.7081175446510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50971956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321760","display_name":"Nasal vowel","level":3,"score":0.596477210521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.5147335529327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.41651642322540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4042947590351105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.38847166299819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3647397756576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.3350352644920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20137912034988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10045251250267029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3316551.3316569","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316551.3316569","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Digital Signal Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10932266","https://openalex.org/W605793670","https://openalex.org/W609178637","https://openalex.org/W614306629","https://openalex.org/W1482802997","https://openalex.org/W1542376570","https://openalex.org/W1549321558","https://openalex.org/W1857338319","https://openalex.org/W1875231349","https://openalex.org/W1962020611","https://openalex.org/W2010482015","https://openalex.org/W2025618644","https://openalex.org/W2037286804","https://openalex.org/W2063945746","https://openalex.org/W2081966736","https://openalex.org/W2091746061","https://openalex.org/W2122170726","https://openalex.org/W2127464433","https://openalex.org/W2141820854","https://openalex.org/W2153999622","https://openalex.org/W2215359629","https://openalex.org/W2609574348","https://openalex.org/W2741666260","https://openalex.org/W2772640292","https://openalex.org/W2963597470","https://openalex.org/W7043690230"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2728969175","https://openalex.org/W1979002329","https://openalex.org/W2024745651","https://openalex.org/W2049775499","https://openalex.org/W182867403","https://openalex.org/W2088226925","https://openalex.org/W3129447559","https://openalex.org/W1920537989","https://openalex.org/W3137647189","https://openalex.org/W2053026475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0,58],"is":[1],"an":[2],"evidence":[3],"that":[4,29,61,101,111,132],"the":[5,13,16,21,27,37,43,48,52,55,102,117,120,128,133,145,148],"production":[6],"of":[7,15,51,105,112,119,136,147,153],"nasal":[8,63,107,124],"vowels":[9,64,108],"involves":[10],"not":[11,141],"only":[12,142],"opening":[14],"velopharyngeal":[17],"port":[18],"but":[19,150],"also":[20],"lingual":[22,103],"gesture":[23],"variation.":[24],"We":[25,99],"tested":[26],"hypothesis":[28],"EWE":[30,62,106],"speakers":[31],"adjust":[32],"tongue":[33,53,73,86,97,149],"height":[34],"to":[35,42],"enhance":[36],"change":[38],"in":[39],"F1":[40],"due":[41],"nasalization,":[44],"by":[45],"investigating":[46],"simultaneously":[47],"physical":[49],"configuration":[50,104],"and":[54,70,88,94],"acoustic":[56,134],"output.":[57],"was":[59],"found":[60],"are":[65],"produced":[66,81,90],"with":[67,82,91],"a":[68,83,92,151],"higher":[69],"more":[71,84,95],"forward":[72],"position":[74],"than":[75],"their":[76,113],"oral":[77,114],"counterparts,":[78],"except":[79],"/\u1ebd/":[80],"retracted":[85,96],"position,":[87],"/\u00f5/":[89],"lower":[93],"position.":[98],"concluded":[100],"differs":[109],"from":[110,127],"congeners,":[115],"enhancing":[116],"effect":[118],"velum":[121],"lowering":[122],"on":[123,138,144],"vowels.":[125],"Nevertheless,":[126],"results,":[129],"we":[130],"suggested":[131],"effects":[135],"nasalization":[137],"formants":[139],"would":[140],"depend":[143],"adjustment":[146],"combination":[152],"multiples":[154],"articulators.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}