{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955672207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314627","title":"Toward efficient gradual typing for structural types via coercions","display_name":"Toward efficient gradual typing for structural types via coercions","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955672207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314627","mag":"2955672207"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3314221.3314627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314627","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314627","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036513380","display_name":"Andre Kuhlenschmidt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andre Kuhlenschmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018067495","display_name":"Deyaaeldeen Almahallawi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deyaaeldeen Almahallawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033999458","display_name":"Jeremy G. Siek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9894-4856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy G. Siek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036513380"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6802,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88263918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"517","last_page":"532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typescript","display_name":"TypeScript","score":0.949506402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.8439977169036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7743924856185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7253397703170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racket","display_name":"Racket","score":0.678888738155365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-inference","display_name":"Type inference","score":0.5886304974555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typing","display_name":"Typing","score":0.5242093801498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2880638837814331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1036410927772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.07830223441123962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777869424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978185","display_name":"TypeScript","level":2,"score":0.949506402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.8439977169036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7743924856185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7253397703170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254148","display_name":"Racket","level":3,"score":0.678888738155365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198370458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586459","display_name":"Type inference","level":3,"score":0.5886304974555969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781209916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3215756","display_name":"Typing","level":2,"score":0.5242093801498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2880638837814331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1036410927772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.07830223441123962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65655974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14867674","display_name":"Swing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3314221.3314627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314627","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3314221.3314627","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314627","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496853143","https://openalex.org/W1562991736","https://openalex.org/W1580664042","https://openalex.org/W1582924718","https://openalex.org/W1614627710","https://openalex.org/W1970075481","https://openalex.org/W1973186567","https://openalex.org/W1993182924","https://openalex.org/W1998466493","https://openalex.org/W2003969655","https://openalex.org/W2005907808","https://openalex.org/W2014472261","https://openalex.org/W2026557621","https://openalex.org/W2027189949","https://openalex.org/W2028048148","https://openalex.org/W2044469424","https://openalex.org/W2052973434","https://openalex.org/W2070088936","https://openalex.org/W2073686054","https://openalex.org/W2075981791","https://openalex.org/W2079482913","https://openalex.org/W2088295995","https://openalex.org/W2091335641","https://openalex.org/W2107399697","https://openalex.org/W2116323891","https://openalex.org/W2123357908","https://openalex.org/W2128303158","https://openalex.org/W2128496924","https://openalex.org/W2131242794","https://openalex.org/W2133828278","https://openalex.org/W2150998213","https://openalex.org/W2169661165","https://openalex.org/W2169875292","https://openalex.org/W2185887248","https://openalex.org/W2218092420","https://openalex.org/W2252374344","https://openalex.org/W2284690928","https://openalex.org/W2295415424","https://openalex.org/W2397711898","https://openalex.org/W2398452755","https://openalex.org/W2503601755","https://openalex.org/W2742478755","https://openalex.org/W2751966562","https://openalex.org/W2753479937","https://openalex.org/W2760972573","https://openalex.org/W2762605937","https://openalex.org/W2764150781","https://openalex.org/W2781403051","https://openalex.org/W2898188067","https://openalex.org/W2911692446","https://openalex.org/W3137596000","https://openalex.org/W4229717394","https://openalex.org/W4230441739","https://openalex.org/W4247948196"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W30307752","https://openalex.org/W4313116388","https://openalex.org/W118603671","https://openalex.org/W4387303308","https://openalex.org/W2489491829","https://openalex.org/W3013404979","https://openalex.org/W2106734119","https://openalex.org/W4313563701","https://openalex.org/W3021813414","https://openalex.org/W2995502120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gradual":[0],"typing":[1,6,88],"combines":[2],"static":[3],"and":[4,25,39,105],"dynamic":[5],"in":[7,37,89],"the":[8,26,62],"same":[9],"program.":[10],"Siek":[11],"et":[12],"al.":[13],"(2015)":[14],"describe":[15],"five":[16],"criteria":[17,46,63],"for":[18],"gradually":[19],"typed":[20],"languages,":[21],"including":[22],"type":[23],"soundness":[24],"gradual":[27,87],"guarantee.":[28],"A":[29],"significant":[30],"number":[31],"of":[32,44],"languages":[33,90,97],"have":[34,98],"been":[35],"developed":[36],"academia":[38],"industry":[40],"that":[41,71,82],"support":[42,60],"some":[43],"these":[45],"(TypeScript,":[47],"Typed":[48],"Racket,":[49],"Safe":[50],"TypeScript,":[51],"Transient":[52],"Reticulated":[53,67],"Python,":[54],"Thorn,":[55],"etc.)":[56],"but":[57,95],"relatively":[58],"few":[59],"all":[61],"(Nom,":[64],"Gradualtalk,":[65],"Guarded":[66],"Python).":[68],"Of":[69],"those":[70],"do,":[72],"only":[73,92],"Nom":[74,79],"does":[75],"so":[76],"efficiently.":[77],"The":[78],"experiment":[80],"shows":[81],"one":[83],"can":[84],"achieve":[85],"efficient":[86],"with":[91],"nominal":[93],"types,":[94,102,107],"many":[96],"structural":[99],"types:":[100],"function":[101],"tuples,":[103],"record":[104],"object":[106],"generics,":[108],"etc.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}