{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947866392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314111.3319916","title":"Reading detection in real-time","display_name":"Reading detection in real-time","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947866392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314111.3319916","mag":"2947866392"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3314111.3319916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314111.3319916","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3314111.3319916","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &amp; Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3314111.3319916","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004751016","display_name":"Conor Kelton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conor Kelton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040218244","display_name":"Zijun Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2487-1041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zijun Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001047332","display_name":"Seoyoung Ahn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7842-9208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seoyoung Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048867459","display_name":"Aruna Balasubramanian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-2215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aruna Balasubramanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052004561","display_name":"Samir R. Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-3130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samir R. Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076307452","display_name":"Dimitris Samaras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-0294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Samaras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110259880","display_name":"Gregory J. Zelinsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-3159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Zelinsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.418,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88826711,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7864446043968201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5787225365638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5664511919021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixation","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","score":0.5607478618621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5387521386146545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.49172499775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"Reading comprehension","score":0.4522649347782135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.4415857791900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.41193121671676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.34657177329063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32810357213020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.11942306160926819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.09750738739967346}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7864446043968201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5787225365638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5664511919021606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146249460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914991","display_name":"Fixation (population genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5607478618621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5387521386146545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.49172499775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.4522649347782135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.4415857791900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.41193121671676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.34657177329063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32810357213020325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.11942306160926819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.09750738739967346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3314111.3319916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314111.3319916","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3314111.3319916","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &amp; Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3314111.3319916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3314111.3319916","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3314111.3319916","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &amp; Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4787087482","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1718014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947866392.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947866392.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487583988","https://openalex.org/W2017410401","https://openalex.org/W2019658628","https://openalex.org/W2026574758","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2272351350","https://openalex.org/W2299807869","https://openalex.org/W2465345885","https://openalex.org/W2555713193","https://openalex.org/W2594185020","https://openalex.org/W2734275994","https://openalex.org/W2752561456","https://openalex.org/W2788873648","https://openalex.org/W2793222887"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384112194","https://openalex.org/W2783354812","https://openalex.org/W2103009189","https://openalex.org/W4312958259","https://openalex.org/W4390813131","https://openalex.org/W2349383066","https://openalex.org/W4308259661","https://openalex.org/W4328132048","https://openalex.org/W1969901537","https://openalex.org/W2376202349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Observable":[0],"reading":[1,30,49,60,80,104,157,174,210,219,232,263],"behavior,":[2,184],"the":[3,7,17,27,42,71,87,140,152,164,180,199,222,236],"act":[4],"of":[5,11,19,29,35,41,142,179,226,261],"moving":[6],"eyes":[8],"over":[9],"lines":[10],"text,":[12],"is":[13,84,253],"highly":[14],"stereotyped":[15],"among":[16],"users":[18],"a":[20,56,116,168,212,251],"language,":[21],"and":[22,38,108,126,161,204,243],"this":[23,208],"has":[24],"led":[25],"to":[26,94,128,245,255],"development":[28],"detectors-methods":[31],"that":[32,75,248],"input":[33],"windows":[34,47,98],"sequential":[36],"fixations":[37],"output":[39],"predictions":[40],"fixation":[43,97,228],"behavior":[44],"during":[45],"those":[46],"being":[48],"or":[50,135,158],"skimming.":[51],"The":[52,172],"present":[53],"study":[54],"introduces":[55],"new":[57],"method":[58,213],"for":[59,78,86,99,133,139,202,216,224,238],"detection":[61,81,220,233,260],"using":[62,110],"Region":[63],"Ranking":[64],"SVM":[65],"(RRSVM).":[66],"An":[67],"SVM-based":[68],"classifier":[69],"learns":[70],"local":[72,96,165,189,203,227],"oculomotor":[73],"features":[74],"are":[76],"important":[77],"real-time":[79,218,231],"while":[82],"it":[83,92],"optimizing":[85],"global":[88,153,181,205],"reading/skimming":[89,183],"classification,":[90],"making":[91],"unnecessary":[93],"hand-label":[95],"model":[100],"training.":[101],"This":[102],"RRSVM":[103,173,200,209],"detector":[105,175],"was":[106,201],"trained":[107],"evaluated":[109],"eye":[111],"movement":[112],"data":[113],"collected":[114],"in":[115,167,187],"laboratory":[117],"context,":[118],"where":[119],"participants":[120],"viewed":[121],"modified":[122],"web":[123],"news":[124],"articles":[125],"had":[127],"either":[129],"read":[130],"them":[131,137],"carefully":[132],"comprehension":[134],"skim":[136],"quickly":[138],"selection":[141],"keywords":[143],"(separate":[144],"groups).":[145],"Ground":[146],"truth":[147],"labels":[148,191],"were":[149],"known":[150],"at":[151,163],"level":[154,166],"(the":[155],"instructed":[156],"skimming":[159],"task),":[160],"obtained":[162],"separate":[169],"rating":[170],"task.":[171],"accurately":[176],"predicted":[177],"82.5%":[178],"(article-level)":[182],"with":[185],"accuracy":[186],"predicting":[188],"window":[190],"ranging":[192,240],"from":[193,241],"72-95%,":[194],"depending":[195],"on":[196,258],"how":[197],"tuned":[198],"weights.":[206],"With":[207,230],"detector,":[211],"now":[214],"exists":[215],"near":[217],"without":[221],"need":[223],"hand-labeling":[225],"windows.":[229],"capability":[234],"comes":[235],"potential":[237],"applications":[239],"education":[242],"training":[244],"intelligent":[246],"interfaces":[247],"learn":[249],"what":[250],"user":[252],"likely":[254],"know":[256],"based":[257],"previous":[259],"their":[262],"behavior.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
