{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2940935572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3309697.3331492","title":"Crystal Gazer","display_name":"Crystal Gazer","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2940935572","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3309697.3331492","mag":"2940935572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3309697.3331492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3309697.3331492","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Abstracts of the 2019 SIGMETRICS/Performance Joint International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019108357","display_name":"Shoaib Akram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2388-0517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801227569","display_name":"Ghent University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkp704","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoaib Akram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032224428","display_name":"Jennifer B. Sartor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer B. Sartor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel &amp; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel &amp; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200","https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087054368","display_name":"Kathryn S. McKinley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-2501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathryn S. McKinley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033119975","display_name":"Lieven Eeckhout","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-4473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801227569","display_name":"Ghent University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkp704","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lieven Eeckhout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801227569"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9872,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72942517,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"21","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dram","display_name":"Dram","score":0.7616767883300781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7169445753097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.6182579398155212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage","display_name":"Garbage","score":0.5663921236991882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4909708797931671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.44976362586021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.434476763010025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3773697018623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2698799967765808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06985285878181458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7366592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1255620","display_name":"Dram","level":2,"score":0.7616767883300781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7169445753097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.6182579398155212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.5663921236991882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4909708797931671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.44976362586021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.434476763010025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3773697018623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2698799967765808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06985285878181458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3309697.3331492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3309697.3331492","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Abstracts of the 2019 SIGMETRICS/Performance Joint International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:118423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/crystal-gazer-profiledriven-writerationing-garbage-collection-for-hybrid-memories(64ad72ed-a008-4e34-99d0-e47f0a39cc71).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487406077","https://openalex.org/W1788180225","https://openalex.org/W1993924043","https://openalex.org/W2005330614","https://openalex.org/W2012116223","https://openalex.org/W2014672480","https://openalex.org/W2016922549","https://openalex.org/W2024713391","https://openalex.org/W2028802049","https://openalex.org/W2036899386","https://openalex.org/W2041876859","https://openalex.org/W2042059673","https://openalex.org/W2042571389","https://openalex.org/W2048588974","https://openalex.org/W2050801173","https://openalex.org/W2060525997","https://openalex.org/W2077401012","https://openalex.org/W2078973953","https://openalex.org/W2085325584","https://openalex.org/W2097077279","https://openalex.org/W2098463429","https://openalex.org/W2101251595","https://openalex.org/W2101464091","https://openalex.org/W2102449048","https://openalex.org/W2104057788","https://openalex.org/W2104305170","https://openalex.org/W2107917004","https://openalex.org/W2112753327","https://openalex.org/W2112832394","https://openalex.org/W2114139104","https://openalex.org/W2141157907","https://openalex.org/W2146766856","https://openalex.org/W2147411585","https://openalex.org/W2152814480","https://openalex.org/W2156929189","https://openalex.org/W2157213285","https://openalex.org/W2158364508","https://openalex.org/W2166034429","https://openalex.org/W2166091242","https://openalex.org/W2292369231","https://openalex.org/W2294387582","https://openalex.org/W2510186576","https://openalex.org/W2519926484","https://openalex.org/W2524130066","https://openalex.org/W2526202524","https://openalex.org/W2755088640","https://openalex.org/W2792115777","https://openalex.org/W2798337732","https://openalex.org/W2799012131","https://openalex.org/W2811456133","https://openalex.org/W2963288320","https://openalex.org/W3099470245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2132258996","https://openalex.org/W2245694847","https://openalex.org/W4381304378","https://openalex.org/W2188602196","https://openalex.org/W3174776489","https://openalex.org/W1700460898","https://openalex.org/W4387773637","https://openalex.org/W2808342711","https://openalex.org/W2034669405","https://openalex.org/W2785868435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"non-volatile":[1],"memory":[2,21],"(NVM)":[3],"technologies":[4],"offer":[5],"greater":[6,28],"capacity":[7],"than":[8,148],"DRAM.":[9,72],"Unfortunately,":[10,73],"production":[11],"NVM":[12,25,44,123,146],"exhibits":[13],"high":[14,32],"latency":[15],"and":[16,24,35,52,98,122],"low":[17,30,36],"write":[18],"endurance.":[19],"Hybrid":[20],"combines":[22],"DRAM":[23,51,120],"to":[26,65],"deliver":[27],"capacity,":[29],"latency,":[31],"en-":[33],"durance,":[34],"energy":[37],"consumption.":[38],"Write-rationing":[39],"garbage":[40,59,88,151],"col-":[41],"lection":[42],"mitigates":[43],"wear-out":[45],"by":[46],"placing":[47],"highly-written":[48],"objects":[49,70,102],"in":[50,55,71],"the":[53,137],"rest":[54],"NVM.":[56],"Existing":[57],"write-rationing":[58,87,150],"collectors":[60],"dynamically":[61],"monitor":[62],"object":[63],"writes":[64,75,147],"place":[66],"highly":[67,99],"writ-":[68,100],"ten":[69,101],"monitoring":[74],"incurs":[76],"a":[77,116],"non-negligible":[78],"performance":[79,138],"overhead.":[80],"This":[81],"work":[82],"proposes":[83],"Crystal":[84,134],"Gazer,":[85],"profile-driven":[86],"collection":[89],"for":[90],"hybrid":[91],"memories.":[92],"Allocation":[93],"sites":[94],"are":[95,103],"statically":[96],"profiled,":[97],"predicted":[104],"based":[105],"on":[106,127],"previous":[107],"program":[108],"executions.":[109],"Unlike":[110],"prior":[111],"work,":[112],"this":[113],"paper":[114],"exposes":[115],"Pareto":[117],"trade-off":[118],"between":[119],"usage":[121],"lifetime.":[124],"Experimental":[125],"results":[126],"an":[128],"emula-":[129],"tion":[130],"platform":[131],"show":[132],"that":[133],"Gazer":[135],"eliminates":[136],"overhead":[139],"of":[140],"dynamic":[141],"monitoring,":[142],"while":[143],"reducing":[144],"more":[145],"state-of-the-art":[149],"collectors.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2019-05-03T00:00:00"}
