{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968951863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308561.3353776","title":"Closing the Gap","display_name":"Closing the Gap","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968951863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308561.3353776","mag":"2968951863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3308561.3353776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308561.3353776","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012227194","display_name":"Manaswi Saha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-9370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manaswi Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081074062","display_name":"Alexander J. Fiannaca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8981-1114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander J. Fiannaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024927771","display_name":"Melanie Kneisel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melanie Kneisel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023381858","display_name":"Edward Cutrell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9053-6057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Cutrell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062285844","display_name":"Meredith Ringel Morris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-9223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meredith Ringel Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012227194"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91919855,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"222","last_page":"235"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.7699719667434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.6980199217796326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6877031326293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formative-assessment","display_name":"Formative assessment","score":0.6641366481781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5970807671546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5753941535949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closing","display_name":"Closing (real estate)","score":0.5391355752944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5030061602592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navigation-system","display_name":"Navigation system","score":0.46742814779281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turn-by-turn-navigation","display_name":"Turn-by-turn navigation","score":0.4179193079471588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.38832396268844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.31769120693206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3147641122341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15635934472084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.09295997023582458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.7699719667434692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.6980199217796326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6877031326293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.6641366481781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5970807671546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5753941535949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778775528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135432","display_name":"Closing (real estate)","level":2,"score":0.5391355752944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5030061602592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777891301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3475123","display_name":"Navigation system","level":2,"score":0.46742814779281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43472768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7855620","display_name":"Turn-by-turn navigation","level":5,"score":0.4179193079471588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.38832396268844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.31769120693206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3147641122341156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15635934472084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.09295997023582458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65401140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353385","display_name":"Robot control","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3308561.3353776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308561.3353776","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39628273","https://openalex.org/W48379747","https://openalex.org/W65833265","https://openalex.org/W206313736","https://openalex.org/W1162411702","https://openalex.org/W1444168786","https://openalex.org/W1482881554","https://openalex.org/W1590274725","https://openalex.org/W1909952827","https://openalex.org/W1932198206","https://openalex.org/W1953465585","https://openalex.org/W1969152782","https://openalex.org/W1970071868","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1981633181","https://openalex.org/W1991049577","https://openalex.org/W1997141290","https://openalex.org/W1999506129","https://openalex.org/W2010361629","https://openalex.org/W2013676769","https://openalex.org/W2026209040","https://openalex.org/W2039846775","https://openalex.org/W2042920399","https://openalex.org/W2046824495","https://openalex.org/W2058556535","https://openalex.org/W2075019799","https://openalex.org/W2079968645","https://openalex.org/W2090048052","https://openalex.org/W2095781211","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2118322861","https://openalex.org/W2124371120","https://openalex.org/W2126807813","https://openalex.org/W2128597132","https://openalex.org/W2139008229","https://openalex.org/W2142325887","https://openalex.org/W2144824356","https://openalex.org/W2266184468","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2281304535","https://openalex.org/W2284029970","https://openalex.org/W2284648524","https://openalex.org/W2322557508","https://openalex.org/W2328247767","https://openalex.org/W2481048179","https://openalex.org/W2580440899","https://openalex.org/W2581921333","https://openalex.org/W2606411279","https://openalex.org/W2611551767","https://openalex.org/W2612445135","https://openalex.org/W2614153519","https://openalex.org/W2617495886","https://openalex.org/W2627613963","https://openalex.org/W2724359148","https://openalex.org/W2730943066","https://openalex.org/W2733729340","https://openalex.org/W2746811377","https://openalex.org/W2765252989","https://openalex.org/W2783973329","https://openalex.org/W2793775956","https://openalex.org/W2817973999","https://openalex.org/W2890966022","https://openalex.org/W2963125010","https://openalex.org/W2966896132","https://openalex.org/W3023729346","https://openalex.org/W3217360439","https://openalex.org/W4229800322","https://openalex.org/W4236750016","https://openalex.org/W4244134295","https://openalex.org/W4255780832"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205896859","https://openalex.org/W3110046428","https://openalex.org/W2884413729","https://openalex.org/W2953723477","https://openalex.org/W2151147465","https://openalex.org/W2374369211","https://openalex.org/W3104935555","https://openalex.org/W2327388047","https://openalex.org/W1973826155","https://openalex.org/W2182896630"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,30,48,56],"major":[2],"role":[3],"of":[4,23,50,74,124],"Global":[5],"Positioning":[6],"Systems":[7],"(GPS)":[8],"as":[9,62],"a":[10,19,45,51,68,72,109,133],"navigation":[11,25,150],"tool":[12],"for":[13,136,144,151],"people":[14,152],"with":[15,26,142,153],"visual":[16],"impairments":[17],"(VI),":[18],"crucial":[20],"missing":[21],"aspect":[22],"point-to-point":[24],"these":[27,129],"systems":[28,42,137,146],"is":[29],"last-few-meters":[31],"wayfinding":[32],"problem.":[33,126],"Due":[34],"to":[35,47,55,92,116,147],"GPS":[36],"inaccuracy":[37],"and":[38,98,101],"inadequate":[39],"map":[40],"data,":[41],"often":[43],"bring":[44],"user":[46,99],"vicinity":[49],"destination":[52],"but":[53],"not":[54],"exact":[57],"location,":[58],"causing":[59],"challenges":[60],"such":[61],"difficulty":[63],"locating":[64],"building":[65],"entrances":[66],"or":[67],"specific":[69],"storefront":[70],"from":[71],"series":[73],"stores.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77,81,125,139],"paper,":[78],"we":[79,131],"study":[80,90,106],"problem":[82],"space":[83,135],"in":[84],"two":[85],"parts:":[86],"(1)":[87],"A":[88,103],"formative":[89],"(N=22)":[91],"understand":[93,117],"challenges,":[94],"current":[95],"resolution":[96],"techniques,":[97],"needs;":[100],"(2)":[102],"design":[104,134],"probe":[105],"(N=13)":[107],"using":[108],"novel,":[110],"vision-based":[111],"system":[112],"called":[113],"Landmark":[114],"AI":[115],"how":[118],"technology":[119],"can":[120],"better":[121],"address":[122],"aspects":[123],"Based":[127],"on":[128],"investigations,":[130],"articulate":[132],"addressing":[138],"challenge,":[140],"along":[141],"implications":[143],"future":[145],"support":[148],"precise":[149],"VI.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2019-08-22T00:00:00"}