{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913825337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308558.3313668","title":"DDGK: Learning Graph Representations for Deep Divergence Graph Kernels","display_name":"DDGK: Learning Graph Representations for Deep Divergence Graph Kernels","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913825337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308558.3313668","mag":"2913825337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3308558.3313668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308558.3313668","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Wide Web Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308558.3313668","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025234902","display_name":"Rami Al\u2010Rfou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rami Al-Rfou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google AI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google AI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005058150","display_name":"Bryan Perozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1639-2056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Perozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google AI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google AI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104119797","display_name":"Dustin Zelle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dustin Zelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google AI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google AI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025234902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0509,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96196527,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"37","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5626865029335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5583434700965881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4524388313293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.4159630537033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32757502794265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.05459332466125488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5626865029335022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5583434700965881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4524388313293457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4159630537033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32757502794265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.05459332466125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3308558.3313668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308558.3313668","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Wide Web Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1904.09671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09671","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.09671","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3185969034","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=202002235234749582","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500161","display_name":"ACM Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"ACM Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3308558.3313668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3308558.3313668","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The World Wide Web Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W854541894","https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1551696500","https://openalex.org/W1587670653","https://openalex.org/W1830799964","https://openalex.org/W1835509607","https://openalex.org/W1904633530","https://openalex.org/W1983681808","https://openalex.org/W2008857988","https://openalex.org/W2015953751","https://openalex.org/W2056562706","https://openalex.org/W2092750499","https://openalex.org/W2099438806","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2121406124","https://openalex.org/W2137181315","https://openalex.org/W2142498761","https://openalex.org/W2147286743","https://openalex.org/W2154851992","https://openalex.org/W2161201865","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2406128552","https://openalex.org/W2407879741","https://openalex.org/W2415243320","https://openalex.org/W2416825296","https://openalex.org/W2470673105","https://openalex.org/W2480130955","https://openalex.org/W2519887557","https://openalex.org/W2540057053","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2561995736","https://openalex.org/W2604942799","https://openalex.org/W2606780347","https://openalex.org/W2614812929","https://openalex.org/W2624431344","https://openalex.org/W2626778328","https://openalex.org/W2700550412","https://openalex.org/W2732825232","https://openalex.org/W2737925311","https://openalex.org/W2766453196","https://openalex.org/W2767849480","https://openalex.org/W2771035597","https://openalex.org/W2785833512","https://openalex.org/W2788614083","https://openalex.org/W2788919350","https://openalex.org/W2804381853","https://openalex.org/W2805516822","https://openalex.org/W2808856341","https://openalex.org/W2811124557","https://openalex.org/W2886034153","https://openalex.org/W2886594383","https://openalex.org/W2890855364","https://openalex.org/W2904759072","https://openalex.org/W2943373497","https://openalex.org/W2950178297","https://openalex.org/W2951659295","https://openalex.org/W2952254971","https://openalex.org/W2952402334","https://openalex.org/W2962756421","https://openalex.org/W2962767366","https://openalex.org/W2962810718","https://openalex.org/W2962975498","https://openalex.org/W2963101602","https://openalex.org/W2963325573","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963410212","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964145825","https://openalex.org/W2964282455","https://openalex.org/W2978348252","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W3098702884","https://openalex.org/W3101413764","https://openalex.org/W3104097132","https://openalex.org/W3104211877","https://openalex.org/W3106039696","https://openalex.org/W3144386677","https://openalex.org/W4214926737","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4285723986","https://openalex.org/W4289704145","https://openalex.org/W4294558607","https://openalex.org/W4297571622","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6681029592","https://openalex.org/W6736262870","https://openalex.org/W6739901393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Can":[0],"neural":[1],"networks":[2],"learn":[3,20,67],"to":[4,19,74,99,127],"compare":[5],"graphs":[6,50,145],"without":[7],"feature":[8,32],"engineering?":[9],"In":[10],"this":[11],"paper,":[12],"we":[13,66,84,106,138],"show":[14],"that":[15,51],"it":[16],"is":[17],"possible":[18],"representations":[21,48,94,114],"for":[22,46,70,79,132,143],"graph":[23,57,73,98,117],"similarity":[24],"with":[25],"neither":[26],"domain":[27],"knowledge":[28],"nor":[29],"supervision":[30],"(i.e.":[31],"engineering":[33],"or":[34],"labeled":[35],"graphs).":[36],"We":[37,121],"propose":[38],"Deep":[39],"Divergence":[40],"Graph":[41],"Kernels,":[42],"an":[43,68,96,140],"unsupervised":[44],"method":[45,60],"learning":[47],"over":[49],"encodes":[52],"a":[53,86,129],"relaxed":[54],"notion":[55],"of":[56,62,82,95,115,135],"isomorphism.":[58],"Our":[59],"consists":[61],"three":[63],"parts.":[64],"First,":[65],"encoder":[69],"each":[71,80,133],"anchor":[72,97],"capture":[75],"its":[76],"structure.":[77],"Second,":[78],"pair":[81,134],"graphs,":[83],"train":[85],"cross-graph":[87],"attention":[88],"network":[89],"which":[90,105],"uses":[91],"the":[92,113,123],"node":[93],"reconstruct":[100],"another":[101],"graph.":[102],"This":[103],"approach,":[104],"call":[107],"isomorphism":[108],"attention,":[109],"captures":[110],"how":[111],"well":[112],"one":[116],"can":[118],"encode":[119],"another.":[120],"use":[122],"attention-augmented":[124],"encoder's":[125],"predictions":[126],"define":[128],"divergence":[130,149],"score":[131],"graphs.":[136],"Finally,":[137],"construct":[139],"embedding":[141],"space":[142],"all":[144],"using":[146],"these":[147],"pair-wise":[148],"scores.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}