{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2979498002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3300061.3343389","title":"Strobe -- Towards Low Cost Soil Sensing Using Wi-Fi","display_name":"Strobe -- Towards Low Cost Soil Sensing Using Wi-Fi","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2979498002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3300061.3343389","mag":"2979498002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3300061.3343389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3300061.3343389","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071006812","display_name":"Jian Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6342-5781"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74775410","display_name":"Rice University","ror":"https://ror.org/008zs3103","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jian Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rice University, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rice University, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112443217","display_name":"Ranveer Chandra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranveer Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071006812"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74775410"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2385,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55633202,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.74787837266922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6266490817070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture-sensor","display_name":"Soil moisture sensor","score":0.538910448551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5172498822212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.44560563564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.41535964608192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture","display_name":"Moisture","score":0.4107230603694916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.390137255191803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.33669155836105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18334534764289856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15838244557380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.10328298807144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.08609288930892944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.74787837266922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6266490817070007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776544661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554939","display_name":"Soil moisture sensor","level":3,"score":0.538910448551178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5172498822212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44560563564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.41535964608192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.4107230603694916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.390137255191803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.33669155836105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18334534764289856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15838244557380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.10328298807144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08609288930892944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3300061.3343389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3300061.3343389","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 25th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523565998","https://openalex.org/W2896182741"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296444000","https://openalex.org/W2615679378","https://openalex.org/W174215","https://openalex.org/W1977119216","https://openalex.org/W2550580962","https://openalex.org/W3192026351","https://openalex.org/W2528001152","https://openalex.org/W2783211890","https://openalex.org/W2277162307","https://openalex.org/W2623892284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"farm's":[1],"soil":[2,5,31,62,65,110,119,138,156],"moisture":[3,32,63,120,139],"and":[4,22,34,53,64,99,112,121,128,140],"electrical":[6],"conductivity":[7],"(EC)readings":[8],"are":[9],"extremely":[10],"valuable":[11],"for":[12],"a":[13,56,90,149,152],"farmer.":[14],"They":[15],"can":[16,135,154],"help":[17],"her":[18],"reduce":[19],"water":[20],"use":[21],"improve":[23],"productivity.":[24],"However,":[25],"the":[26,35,51,76,84,96,109,146],"high":[27],"cost":[28],"of":[29,37,55,79,101,148,163],"commercial":[30],"sensors":[33,41],"inaccuracy":[36],"sub-1000":[38],"dollar":[39],"EC":[40,66,141],"have":[42],"limited":[43,80],"their":[44,158],"adoption.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"paper,":[48],"we":[49],"present":[50],"design":[52],"implementation":[54],"system,":[57],"called":[58],"Strobe,":[59],"that":[60,133],"senses":[61],"using":[67,89,142],"RF":[68],"propagation":[69,97],"in":[70,83,115,157,165],"existing":[71],"Wi-Fi":[72,102,130],"bands.":[73],"Strobe":[74,134],"overcomes":[75],"key":[77],"challenge":[78],"bandwidth":[81],"availability":[82],"2.4":[85],"GHz":[86],"unlicensed":[87],"spectrum":[88],"novel":[91],"multi-antenna":[92],"technique.":[93],"It":[94],"maps":[95],"time":[98],"amplitude":[100],"signals":[103],"received":[104],"by":[105],"different":[106],"antennas":[107],"to":[108],"permittivity":[111],"EC,":[113],"which":[114],"turn":[116],"depend":[117],"on":[118],"salinity.":[122],"Our":[123],"experiments":[124],"with":[125],"USRP,":[126],"WARP,":[127],"commodity":[129],"cards":[131],"show":[132],"accurately":[136],"estimate":[137],"Wi-Fi,":[143],"thereby":[144],"showing":[145],"potential":[147],"future":[150],"where":[151],"farmer":[153],"sense":[155],"farm":[159],"without":[160],"investing":[161],"1000s":[162],"dollars":[164],"sensing":[166],"tools.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}