{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948841673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299869.3314030","title":"Database and Distributed Computing Foundations of Blockchains","display_name":"Database and Distributed Computing Foundations of Blockchains","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948841673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299869.3314030","mag":"2948841673"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3299869.3314030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299869.3314030","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3299869.3314030","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3299869.3314030","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022455685","display_name":"Sujaya Maiyya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1341-0252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sujaya Maiyya","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051144901","display_name":"Victor Zakhary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Zakhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071500439","display_name":"Mohammad Javad Amiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-8363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Javad Amiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059945353","display_name":"Divyakant Agrawal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0215-9539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divyakant Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039292004","display_name":"Amr El Abbadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-3268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr El Abbadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022455685"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2275,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94749398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2036","last_page":"2041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8609090447425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.8363968133926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptocurrency","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","score":0.730631411075592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-database","display_name":"Distributed database","score":0.7131218910217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.6719838976860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5913043022155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5588386654853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ledger","display_name":"Distributed ledger","score":0.5579925179481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byzantine-fault-tolerance","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","score":0.5298447608947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.49223843216896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4595571458339691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-data-store","display_name":"Distributed data store","score":0.440952330827713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.41622093319892883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3128858506679535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.12345618009567261}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8609090447425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.8363968133926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180706569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13479982","display_name":"Cryptocurrency","level":2,"score":0.730631411075592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.7131218910217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.6719838976860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5913043022155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5588386654853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777541363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110971","display_name":"Distributed ledger","level":3,"score":0.5579925179481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168021876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353446","display_name":"Byzantine fault tolerance","level":3,"score":0.5298447608947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.49223843216896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4595571458339691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24885549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339678","display_name":"Distributed data store","level":2,"score":0.440952330827713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.41622093319892883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3128858506679535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.12345618009567261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3299869.3314030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299869.3314030","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3299869.3314030","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3299869.3314030","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299869.3314030","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3299869.3314030","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Management of Data","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3573441123","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1649469, CNS-1703560","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G369970793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1649469","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4383196124","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1649469","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5397501835","display_name":"CSR: Medium: Next-Generation Cloud Federation via a Geo-Distributed Datastore","funder_award_id":"1703560","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6167383424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1703560","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948841673.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948841673.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1545155892","https://openalex.org/W1553435762","https://openalex.org/W1850597240","https://openalex.org/W1981420413","https://openalex.org/W1992479210","https://openalex.org/W1996360405","https://openalex.org/W2018464987","https://openalex.org/W2035362408","https://openalex.org/W2103178123","https://openalex.org/W2104954161","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2182688186","https://openalex.org/W2511446761","https://openalex.org/W2535104337","https://openalex.org/W2604122668","https://openalex.org/W2752726215","https://openalex.org/W2752755019","https://openalex.org/W2752929869","https://openalex.org/W2763398287","https://openalex.org/W2962718239","https://openalex.org/W2963517786","https://openalex.org/W2963997141","https://openalex.org/W3102661748","https://openalex.org/W3137092842","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W4232836212","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6678832241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3038176961","https://openalex.org/W2759600173","https://openalex.org/W4205726392","https://openalex.org/W2954917935","https://openalex.org/W4226470295","https://openalex.org/W4285142916","https://openalex.org/W4319150754","https://openalex.org/W3155045921","https://openalex.org/W4283071734","https://openalex.org/W3202044564"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,122],"uprise":[1],"of":[2,44,105,124,135],"Bitcoin":[3],"and":[4,12,19,39,65,71,113,119,132],"other":[5],"peer-to-peer":[6],"cryptocurrencies":[7],"has":[8],"opened":[9],"many":[10],"interesting":[11],"challenging":[13],"problems":[14],"in":[15,51,63,84,116,139],"cryptography,":[16],"distributed":[17,81,130],"systems,":[18],"databases.":[20],"main":[22,69],"underlying":[23],"data":[24],"structure":[25,32],"is":[26,34,127],"blockchain,":[27,64],"a":[28,41],"scalable":[29,112],"fully":[30,88],"replicated":[31,89],"that":[33],"shared":[35],"among":[36],"all":[37,45,49],"participants":[38,50],"guarantees":[40],"consistent":[42],"view":[43],"user":[46],"transactions":[47],"by":[48],"the":[52,59,79,97,106,125,129,136],"system.":[53],"In":[54],"this":[55],"tutorial,":[56],"we":[57,77,101],"discuss":[58],"basic":[60],"protocols":[61,94],"used":[62],"elaborate":[66],"on":[67,103,128],"its":[68],"advantages":[70],"limitations.":[72],"To":[73],"overcome":[74],"these":[75],"limitations,":[76],"provide":[78],"necessary":[80],"systems":[82,131],"background":[83],"managing":[85],"large":[86],"scale":[87],"ledgers,":[90],"using":[91],"Byzantine":[92],"Agreement":[93],"to":[95,110],"solve":[96],"consensus":[98],"problem.":[99],"Finally,":[100],"expound":[102],"some":[104],"most":[107],"recent":[108,137],"proposals":[109],"design":[111],"efficient":[114],"blockchains":[115],"both":[117],"permissionless":[118],"permissioned":[120],"settings.":[121],"focus":[123],"tutorial":[126],"database":[133],"aspects":[134],"innovations":[138],"blockchains.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
