{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943836312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299815.3314464","title":"Evaluating a Tactile Approach to Programming Scratch","display_name":"Evaluating a Tactile Approach to Programming Scratch","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943836312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299815.3314464","mag":"2943836312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3299815.3314464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299815.3314464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Southeast Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687845","display_name":"Zirui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-6322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41112366","display_name":"Birmingham\u2013Southern College","ror":"https://ror.org/006g42111","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41112366"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zirui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Computer Science, Birmingham-Southern College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Computer Science, Birmingham-Southern College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41112366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022633203","display_name":"Amber Wagner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6454-6713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41112366","display_name":"Birmingham\u2013Southern College","ror":"https://ror.org/006g42111","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41112366"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amber Wagner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Computer Science, Birmingham-Southern College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Computer Science, Birmingham-Southern College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41112366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41112366"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4298,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79196217,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"226","last_page":"229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scratch","display_name":"Scratch","score":0.8810676336288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8213240504264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.7131991386413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6719803214073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-programming-language","display_name":"Visual programming language","score":0.6644992828369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5984221696853638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5592681765556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.5099743604660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4771951138973236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.47006019949913025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.39499950408935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23998680710792542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781235140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275131","display_name":"Scratch","level":2,"score":0.8810676336288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8213240504264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.7131991386413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6719803214073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128644962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683111","display_name":"Visual programming language","level":2,"score":0.6644992828369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5984221696853638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5592681765556335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.5099743604660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4771951138973236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.47006019949913025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.39499950408935547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23998680710792542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3299815.3314464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3299815.3314464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Southeast Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032114286","https://openalex.org/W2604579714","https://openalex.org/W2734520562","https://openalex.org/W2766698797","https://openalex.org/W2796087441","https://openalex.org/W2917010094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2475116013","https://openalex.org/W2066741154","https://openalex.org/W2770018148","https://openalex.org/W2358308169","https://openalex.org/W1607095761","https://openalex.org/W1739784456","https://openalex.org/W4312362817","https://openalex.org/W3015555549","https://openalex.org/W4312790397","https://openalex.org/W4293227389"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computer":[0],"Science":[1],"in":[2,20],"K-12":[3,21],"is":[4],"continuing":[5],"to":[6,25,36,53,61,106],"become":[7],"more":[8,51],"prevalent.":[9],"Because":[10],"learning":[11],"syntax":[12],"and":[13,42,44,50,95,110,130],"debugging":[14],"can":[15,82],"be":[16],"burdensome,":[17],"many":[18],"teachers":[19],"use":[22],"block":[23,56],"languages":[24,57],"teach":[26],"their":[27],"students.":[28,54],"Block":[29],"languages,":[30],"such":[31],"as":[32],"Scratch,":[33],"allow":[34],"students":[35,62,84],"focus":[37],"on":[38,71,119],"simple":[39,113],"programming":[40,48],"concepts":[41],"logic,":[43],"therefore,":[45],"make":[46],"computer":[47],"easier":[49],"approachable":[52],"However,":[55],"are":[58],"not":[59],"accessible":[60],"with":[63,85],"visual":[64,72,86],"impairments":[65,87],"because":[66],"of":[67],"block-environments'":[68],"high":[69],"dependence":[70],"aspects.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"describes":[76],"an":[77],"innovative":[78],"peripheral":[79],"device":[80],"that":[81],"help":[83],"access":[88],"Scratch":[89],"by":[90,97,101],"simply":[91],"remembering":[92],"six":[93],"buttons":[94],"guided":[96],"auditory":[98],"cues":[99],"generated":[100],"the":[102,120,124],"computer.":[103],"In":[104],"order":[105],"test":[107],"CodeBox64's":[108],"usability":[109],"efficiency,":[111],"a":[112],"user":[114,125],"study":[115],"was":[116],"conducted.":[117],"Based":[118],"data":[121],"collected":[122],"from":[123],"study,":[126],"CodeBox64":[127],"functioned":[128],"properly":[129],"efficiently.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}