{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2930652247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3297858.3304069","title":"Understanding Real-World Concurrency Bugs in Go","display_name":"Understanding Real-World Concurrency Bugs in Go","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2930652247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3297858.3304069","mag":"2930652247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3297858.3304069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3297858.3304069","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046654644","display_name":"Tengfei Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5683-5347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tengfei Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100455524","display_name":"Xiaoyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3219-1211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060633759","display_name":"Linhai Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-9278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linhai Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741029","display_name":"Yiying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-1257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046654644"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98974813,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"865","last_page":"878"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8570722341537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.8483666181564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.8112464547157288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5814112424850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thread","display_name":"Thread (computing)","score":0.5578203797340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-bug","display_name":"Software bug","score":0.5424599647521973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-computing","display_name":"Concurrent computing","score":0.43607833981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4357697367668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-bug","display_name":"Security bug","score":0.42187047004699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-object-oriented-programming","display_name":"Concurrent object-oriented programming","score":0.41597694158554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","score":0.41503220796585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.41399580240249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3427150249481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2817115783691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.26283591985702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-programming","display_name":"Reactive programming","score":0.08128005266189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-programming","display_name":"Inductive programming","score":0.06963396072387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.0647265613079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8570722341537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.8483666181564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.8112464547157288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5814112424850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138101251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213092","display_name":"Thread (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5578203797340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1009929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179550","display_name":"Software bug","level":3,"score":0.5424599647521973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150495011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128392","display_name":"Concurrent computing","level":2,"score":0.43607833981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4357697367668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131275738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445023","display_name":"Security bug","level":5,"score":0.42187047004699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3701939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159109","display_name":"Concurrent object-oriented programming","level":5,"score":0.41597694158554077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.41503220796585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.41399580240249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3427150249481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2817115783691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.26283591985702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150762246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4354073","display_name":"Reactive programming","level":4,"score":0.08128005266189575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.06963396072387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.0647265613079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3297858.3304069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3297858.3304069","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1048515","https://openalex.org/W178326370","https://openalex.org/W1452568986","https://openalex.org/W1591458180","https://openalex.org/W1873898332","https://openalex.org/W1972544179","https://openalex.org/W1980689777","https://openalex.org/W2006307164","https://openalex.org/W2009258497","https://openalex.org/W2025819261","https://openalex.org/W2049381173","https://openalex.org/W2067967561","https://openalex.org/W2082766667","https://openalex.org/W2084719450","https://openalex.org/W2096155624","https://openalex.org/W2100627043","https://openalex.org/W2101161997","https://openalex.org/W2102967730","https://openalex.org/W2105391037","https://openalex.org/W2110425399","https://openalex.org/W2115015193","https://openalex.org/W2117324184","https://openalex.org/W2119494620","https://openalex.org/W2121236443","https://openalex.org/W2127825616","https://openalex.org/W2135954168","https://openalex.org/W2145458045","https://openalex.org/W2146878883","https://openalex.org/W2149984854","https://openalex.org/W2153229512","https://openalex.org/W2156633971","https://openalex.org/W2162969183","https://openalex.org/W2164726526","https://openalex.org/W2194501203","https://openalex.org/W2246524736","https://openalex.org/W2296352734","https://openalex.org/W2327265941","https://openalex.org/W2510207151","https://openalex.org/W2512167970","https://openalex.org/W2546468634","https://openalex.org/W2564372592","https://openalex.org/W2584459836","https://openalex.org/W2795275488","https://openalex.org/W4210712189","https://openalex.org/W4211008702","https://openalex.org/W4243683024","https://openalex.org/W4248655060","https://openalex.org/W4251803824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086685683","https://openalex.org/W2007551100","https://openalex.org/W3005875561","https://openalex.org/W2118183611","https://openalex.org/W4252341711","https://openalex.org/W2133348162","https://openalex.org/W1589887832","https://openalex.org/W3009678450","https://openalex.org/W4253552211","https://openalex.org/W3023364199"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Go":[0,25,37,120,126,174,200],"is":[1,64],"a":[2,10,181],"statically-typed":[3],"programming":[4],"language":[5],"that":[6],"aims":[7],"to":[8,16,59,66,165],"provide":[9],"simple,":[11],"efficient,":[12],"and":[13,28,34,51,57,74,80,131,168,188,193,202,206],"safe":[14],"way":[15],"build":[17],"multi-threaded":[18],"software.":[19,36],"Since":[20],"its":[21],"creation":[22],"in":[23,32,84,118,138,195,203],"2009,":[24],"has":[26,98],"matured":[27],"gained":[29],"significant":[30],"adoption":[31],"production":[33],"open-source":[35],"advocates":[38],"for":[39,209],"the":[40,46,68,75,111],"usage":[41],"of":[42,48,70,77,86,144,155],"message":[43,78],"passing":[44,79],"as":[45,92,94],"means":[47],"inter-thread":[49],"communication":[50],"provides":[52,180],"several":[53],"new":[54,72],"concurrency":[55,104,116,136,186],"mechanisms":[56],"libraries":[58],"ease":[60],"multi-threading":[61],"programming.":[62],"It":[63],"important":[65],"understand":[67],"implication":[69],"these":[71,156],"proposals":[73],"comparison":[76],"shared":[81],"memory":[82],"synchronization":[83],"terms":[85],"program":[87],"errors,":[88],"or":[89],"bugs.":[90,105],"Unfortunately,":[91],"far":[93],"we":[95,109,158],"know,":[96],"there":[97],"been":[99],"no":[100],"study":[101,114,179],"on":[102,115,184],"Go's":[103,185],"In":[106],"this":[107],"paper,":[108],"perform":[110],"first":[112],"systematic":[113],"bugs":[117,137],"real":[119],"programs.":[121],"We":[122,133],"studied":[123,160],"six":[124],"popular":[125],"software":[127,201],"including":[128],"Docker,":[129],"Kubernetes,":[130],"gRPC.":[132],"analyzed":[134],"171":[135],"total,":[139],"with":[140,171],"more":[141,198],"than":[142],"half":[143],"them":[145,170],"caused":[146],"by":[147],"non-traditional,":[148],"Go-specific":[149],"problems.":[150],"Apart":[151],"from":[152],"root":[153],"causes":[154],"bugs,":[157],"also":[159],"their":[161],"fixes,":[162],"performed":[163],"experiments":[164],"reproduce":[166],"them,":[167],"evaluated":[169],"two":[172],"publicly-available":[173],"bug":[175],"detectors.":[176],"Overall,":[177],"our":[178],"better":[182],"understanding":[183],"models":[187],"can":[189],"guide":[190],"future":[191],"researchers":[192],"practitioners":[194],"writing":[196],"better,":[197],"reliable":[199],"developing":[204],"debugging":[205],"diagnosis":[207],"tools":[208],"Go.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-22T08:38:42.863108","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}