{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2915050900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3295460","title":"Social Networks under Stress","display_name":"Social Networks under Stress","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2915050900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3295460","mag":"2915050900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3295460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3295460","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3295460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131231701","display_name":"ACM Transactions on the Web","issn_l":"1559-1131","issn":["1559-1131","1559-114X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on the Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3295460","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064158757","display_name":"Daniel M. Romero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-3463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel M. Romero","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Brian Uzzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-3648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Uzzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-3648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055710645","display_name":"Jon Kleinberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-2512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Kleinberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3884,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80713322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","score":0.7116158604621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6679631471633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-formation","display_name":"Network formation","score":0.6160293817520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-ties","display_name":"Interpersonal ties","score":0.549975574016571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-network-analysis","display_name":"Dynamic network analysis","score":0.481594055891037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insider","display_name":"Insider","score":0.47341567277908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4651305079460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-network-analysis","display_name":"Social network analysis","score":0.4531172215938568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-dynamics","display_name":"Network dynamics","score":0.4288231134414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-network","display_name":"Telecommunications network","score":0.42874905467033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-network-analysis","display_name":"Organizational network analysis","score":0.423566073179245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-network","display_name":"Cognitive network","score":0.4143942594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3402002453804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.202561616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.14817580580711365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.14451715350151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.13843992352485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12162277102470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.11800259351730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.11423206329345703}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4727928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164759","display_name":"Social network (sociolinguistics)","level":3,"score":0.7116158604621887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6679631471633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68416499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001033","display_name":"Network formation","level":2,"score":0.6160293817520142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142189719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1276633","display_name":"Interpersonal ties","level":2,"score":0.549975574016571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13540734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318996","display_name":"Dynamic network analysis","level":2,"score":0.481594055891037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778971194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1664551","display_name":"Insider","level":2,"score":0.47341567277908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4651305079460144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.4531172215938568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123757187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9195957","display_name":"Network dynamics","level":2,"score":0.4288231134414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.42874905467033386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62886766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013138","display_name":"Organizational network analysis","level":3,"score":0.423566073179245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32542511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141225","display_name":"Cognitive network","level":4,"score":0.4143942594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3402002453804016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.202561616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14817580580711365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14451715350151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.13843992352485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12162277102470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.11800259351730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.11423206329345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169735623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430172","display_name":"Organizational learning","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3295460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3295460","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3295460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131231701","display_name":"ACM Transactions on the Web","issn_l":"1559-1131","issn":["1559-1131","1559-114X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on the Web","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3295460","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3295460","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3295460","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131231701","display_name":"ACM Transactions on the Web","issn_l":"1559-1131","issn":["1559-1131","1559-114X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on the Web","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G25568064","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-0910664 and IIS-1617820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2695856662","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BAA-11-64","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G281904128","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-09-2-0053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","funder_display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3817744496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-0910664","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4334265484","display_name":"CHS: Small: Large-Scale Examination of the Impact of Shocks on Crowd Attributes and Performance in Collaborative Volunteering Systems","funder_award_id":"1617820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5035632879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-09-2-0053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5259331294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7452299184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7465796592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1617820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7561134949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-09-2-0053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G948678646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-09-2-0053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333591","display_name":"Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2915050900.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2915050900.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19838944","https://openalex.org/W120264976","https://openalex.org/W286295083","https://openalex.org/W379337736","https://openalex.org/W574862180","https://openalex.org/W934261879","https://openalex.org/W1533368239","https://openalex.org/W1554960070","https://openalex.org/W1603920809","https://openalex.org/W1875112053","https://openalex.org/W1896833666","https://openalex.org/W1927374806","https://openalex.org/W1968380849","https://openalex.org/W1970655941","https://openalex.org/W1973526413","https://openalex.org/W2008878870","https://openalex.org/W2016669059","https://openalex.org/W2020358772","https://openalex.org/W2021695593","https://openalex.org/W2028914474","https://openalex.org/W2049406449","https://openalex.org/W2049607688","https://openalex.org/W2055235810","https://openalex.org/W2062075162","https://openalex.org/W2067868909","https://openalex.org/W2085491458","https://openalex.org/W2087962989","https://openalex.org/W2100261414","https://openalex.org/W2106533374","https://openalex.org/W2108614537","https://openalex.org/W2108855171","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2117028698","https://openalex.org/W2119353660","https://openalex.org/W2121761994","https://openalex.org/W2125349172","https://openalex.org/W2128300405","https://openalex.org/W2131773668","https://openalex.org/W2134953154","https://openalex.org/W2136151826","https://openalex.org/W2140910804","https://openalex.org/W2146259587","https://openalex.org/W2147113977","https://openalex.org/W2147824439","https://openalex.org/W2147952642","https://openalex.org/W2148606196","https://openalex.org/W2151936673","https://openalex.org/W2153204928","https://openalex.org/W2156647912","https://openalex.org/W2159397589","https://openalex.org/W2161010501","https://openalex.org/W2166330262","https://openalex.org/W2262364653","https://openalex.org/W2321650456","https://openalex.org/W2332125581","https://openalex.org/W2598160352","https://openalex.org/W2752099845","https://openalex.org/W2798123976","https://openalex.org/W3019713249","https://openalex.org/W3022339544","https://openalex.org/W3122714990","https://openalex.org/W3122944446","https://openalex.org/W3123534837","https://openalex.org/W3124595197","https://openalex.org/W3217264615","https://openalex.org/W4238384846","https://openalex.org/W4238452917","https://openalex.org/W4254063242","https://openalex.org/W4298073743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099584950","https://openalex.org/W2480010397","https://openalex.org/W339076617","https://openalex.org/W4389115607","https://openalex.org/W2348031331","https://openalex.org/W2514979389","https://openalex.org/W2352217538","https://openalex.org/W2057554266","https://openalex.org/W2164685330","https://openalex.org/W2082867051"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"network":[1,75,86,119,142,172,199],"research":[2],"has":[3],"begun":[4],"to":[5,122,136],"take":[6],"advantage":[7],"of":[8,57,59,76,95,133,158,182,188],"fine-grained":[9],"communications":[10],"regarding":[11],"coordination,":[12],"decision-making,":[13],"and":[14,34,51,73,88,93,155,162,178,185,201],"knowledge":[15],"sharing.":[16],"These":[17],"studies,":[18],"however,":[19],"have":[20],"not":[21,121],"generally":[22],"analyzed":[23],"how":[24,40],"external":[25,41],"events":[26,42],"are":[27,43],"associated":[28,44,126],"with":[29,45,65,127],"a":[30,46,54,69,147,205],"social":[31,206],"network\u2019s":[32,47],"structure":[33,50,173,200],"communicative":[35],"properties.":[36],"Here,":[37],"we":[38,79,168],"study":[39],"change":[48,89],"in":[49,68,90,98,110,171,176],"communications.":[52],"Analyzing":[53],"complete":[55],"dataset":[56],"millions":[58],"instant":[60],"messages":[61],"among":[62,107],"the":[63,81,91,99,104,111,117,131,141,194],"decision-makers":[64,96],"different":[66],"roles":[67],"large":[70],"hedge":[71],"fund":[72],"their":[74],"outside":[77],"contacts,":[78],"investigate":[80],"link":[82],"between":[83,198],"price":[84,114],"shocks,":[85],"structure,":[87],"affect":[92],"cognition":[94],"embedded":[97],"network.":[100,207],"We":[101],"also":[102],"analyze":[103],"communication":[105,118],"dynamics":[106],"specialized":[108],"teams":[109],"organization.":[112],"When":[113],"shocks":[115],"occur":[116],"tends":[120],"display":[123],"structural":[124],"changes":[125,170],"adaptiveness":[128],"such":[129],"as":[130],"activation":[132],"weak":[134],"ties":[135],"obtain":[137],"novel":[138],"information.":[139],"Rather,":[140],"\u201cturtles":[143],"up.\u201d":[144],"It":[145],"displays":[146],"propensity":[148],"for":[149],"higher":[150],"clustering,":[151],"strong":[152],"tie":[153],"interaction,":[154],"an":[156],"intensification":[157],"insider":[159],"vs.":[160,164],"outsider":[161],"within-role":[163],"between-role":[165],"communication.":[166],"Further,":[167],"find":[169],"predict":[174],"shifts":[175],"cognitive":[177],"affective":[179],"processes,":[180],"execution":[181],"new":[183],"transactions,":[184],"local":[186],"optimality":[187],"transactions":[189],"better":[190],"than":[191],"prices,":[192],"revealing":[193],"important":[195],"predictive":[196],"relationship":[197],"collective":[202],"behavior":[203],"within":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
