{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949738301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330761","title":"Raise to Speak","display_name":"Raise to Speak","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949738301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330761","mag":"2949738301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3292500.3330761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330761","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3292500.3330761","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery &amp; Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3292500.3330761","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028530612","display_name":"Shiwen Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084129518","display_name":"Brandt Westing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandt Westing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058910479","display_name":"Shawn R. Scully","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawn Scully","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039524961","display_name":"Heri Nieto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heri Nieto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025410133","display_name":"Roman Holenstein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Holenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101694362","display_name":"Minwoo Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5112-9926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minwoo Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031811971","display_name":"K. P. Sridhar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishna Sridhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072009867","display_name":"Brandon Newendorp","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brandon Newendorp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019894173","display_name":"Mike Bastian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Bastian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108204261","display_name":"Sethu Raman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sethu Raman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023355608","display_name":"Tim Paek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Paek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110618557","display_name":"Kevin R. Lynch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Lynch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090739892","display_name":"Carlos Guestrin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6348-5939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153776","display_name":"Apple (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/059hsda18","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Guestrin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apple Inc, Cupertino, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028530612"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153776"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.14,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55050901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2736","last_page":"2744"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7982436418533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.7955129146575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smartwatch","display_name":"Smartwatch","score":0.794974684715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6152023077011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.6124581694602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.5581011772155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4980766773223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.49508920311927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.46336695551872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voice-activity-detection","display_name":"Voice activity detection","score":0.43825262784957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.42983344197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4166218638420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.33273184299468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.32054707407951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3085140585899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28783488273620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.22399494051933289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.177902489900589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14000362157821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1272667646408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12616375088691711}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7982436418533325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.7955129146575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29794715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5362345","display_name":"Smartwatch","level":3,"score":0.794974684715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6152023077011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.6124581694602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.5581011772155762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4980766773223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.49508920311927795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.46336695551872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204201278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332614","display_name":"Voice activity detection","level":3,"score":0.43825262784957886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.42983344197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4166218638420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.33273184299468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.32054707407951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3085140585899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28783488273620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.22399494051933289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.177902489900589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14000362157821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1272667646408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12616375088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3292500.3330761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330761","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3292500.3330761","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery &amp; Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3292500.3330761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3292500.3330761","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3292500.3330761","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery &amp; Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949738301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949738301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1785785597","https://openalex.org/W1985242443","https://openalex.org/W1989386832","https://openalex.org/W1989689139","https://openalex.org/W1999454387","https://openalex.org/W2048497537","https://openalex.org/W2070584460","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2147780311","https://openalex.org/W2163013496","https://openalex.org/W2279098554","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2405187948","https://openalex.org/W2523602859","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W4239187549","https://openalex.org/W4255601674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235505747","https://openalex.org/W2509150193","https://openalex.org/W2128428210","https://openalex.org/W2399063318","https://openalex.org/W1011691107","https://openalex.org/W2096760943","https://openalex.org/W2953621231","https://openalex.org/W1988595781","https://openalex.org/W2768740781","https://openalex.org/W3121975576"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67,146],"two":[1],"most":[2],"common":[3],"ways":[4],"to":[5,23,59,69,90,98,106,123,142],"activate":[6],"intelligent":[7],"voice":[8],"assistants":[9],"(IVAs)":[10],"are":[11],"button":[12],"presses":[13],"and":[14,32,53,64,112,115,154],"trigger":[15,119],"phrases.":[16],"This":[17],"paper":[18],"describes":[19],"a":[20,48,103],"new":[21],"way":[22],"invoke":[24],"IVAs":[25],"on":[26,47,157],"smartwatches:":[27],"simply":[28],"raise":[29,68],"your":[30],"hand":[31],"speak":[33,70],"naturally.":[34],"To":[35],"achieve":[36],"this":[37],"experience,":[38],"we":[39],"designed":[40],"an":[41,79,94,116],"accurate,":[42],"low-power":[43],"detector":[44,72,139,148],"that":[45,86],"works":[46],"wide":[49],"range":[50],"of":[51,74,134,137,159],"environments":[52],"activity":[54],"scenarios":[55],"with":[56],"minimal":[57],"impact":[58],"battery":[60],"life,":[61],"memory":[62],"footprint,":[63],"processor":[65],"utilization.":[66],"(RTS)":[71],"consists":[73],"four":[75],"main":[76],"compo-":[77],"nents:":[78],"on-device":[80,95,131,141],"gesture":[81],"convolutional":[82],"neural":[83],"network":[84],"(CNN)":[85],"uses":[87],"accelerometer":[88],"data":[89],"detect":[91,99],"specific":[92],"poses;":[93],"speech":[96,113],"CNN":[97],"proximal":[100],"human":[101],"speech;":[102],"policy":[104],"model":[105],"combine":[107],"signals":[108],"from":[109],"the":[110,130,135,138],"motion":[111],"detector;":[114],"off-device":[117],"false":[118],"mitigation":[120],"(FTM)":[121],"system":[122],"reduce":[124],"unin-":[125],"tentional":[126],"invocations":[127],"trigged":[128],"by":[129],"detector.":[132],"Majority":[133],"components":[136],"run":[140],"preserve":[143],"user":[144],"privacy.":[145],"RTS":[147],"was":[149],"released":[150],"in":[151],"watchOS":[152],"5.0":[153],"is":[155],"running":[156],"millions":[158],"devices":[160],"worldwide.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}
