{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2941064704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300734","title":"ALAP","display_name":"ALAP","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2941064704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300734","mag":"2941064704"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3290605.3300734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300734","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101596435","display_name":"Ahtsham Manzoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9418-7539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahtsham Manzoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062948053","display_name":"Safa Arooj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Safa Arooj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024474438","display_name":"Shaban Zulfiqar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaban Zulfiqar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023415435","display_name":"Murayyiam Parvez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murayyiam Parvez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087575619","display_name":"Suleman Shahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9951-3188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suleman Shahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049998472","display_name":"Asim Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9872-5020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207789805","display_name":"Lahore University of Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05b5x4a35","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asim Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101596435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207789805"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6081,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65390715,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.802201509475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.7336521744728088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-notation","display_name":"Mathematical notation","score":0.6311612725257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.6045445799827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5902255177497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5129156112670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4783596396446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.4641059637069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3722470998764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.27718058228492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.13432911038398743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.802201509475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.7336521744728088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24457124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140046","display_name":"Mathematical notation","level":3,"score":0.6311612725257874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.6045445799827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5902255177497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5129156112670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4783596396446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.4641059637069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3722470998764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.27718058228492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.13432911038398743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3290605.3300734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300734","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492839618","https://openalex.org/W1514717798","https://openalex.org/W1971359048","https://openalex.org/W2024023571","https://openalex.org/W2040707638","https://openalex.org/W2070201027","https://openalex.org/W2123844489","https://openalex.org/W2140938420","https://openalex.org/W2171071131","https://openalex.org/W2553182405","https://openalex.org/W2624418884","https://openalex.org/W2810769084","https://openalex.org/W2897849064"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968256718","https://openalex.org/W2393607213","https://openalex.org/W2495832077","https://openalex.org/W2278797713","https://openalex.org/W98357545","https://openalex.org/W977407476","https://openalex.org/W4249487612","https://openalex.org/W2624682093","https://openalex.org/W4280602899","https://openalex.org/W4239038871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Assistive":[0],"technologies":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3,37],"screen":[4],"readers":[5,28],"and":[6,18,22,35,41,65,77,91,95,112,166],"text":[7,134],"editors":[8],"have":[9],"been":[10],"used":[11],"in":[12,75,126,171],"past":[13],"to":[14,30,106,119,135],"improve":[15,107],"the":[16,46,108,130,173],"accessibility":[17],"authoring":[19,164],"of":[20,49,98,132],"scientific":[21],"mathematical":[23,33,50,79,93,121],"documents.":[24,80],"However,":[25],"most":[26],"screens":[27],"fail":[29],"narrate":[31],"complex":[32],"notations":[34],"expressions":[36],"they":[38],"skip":[39],"symbols":[40],"necessary":[42],"information":[43],"required":[44],"for":[45,89,116],"accurate":[47],"narration":[48],"content.":[51],"This":[52],"study":[53,145],"aims":[54],"at":[55],"evaluating":[56],"a":[57,144],"new":[58],"Accessible":[59],"LaTeX":[60,109,150,162],"Based":[61],"Mathematical":[62],"Document":[63],"Authoring":[64],"Presentation":[66],"(ALAP)":[67],"tool,":[68],"which":[69],"assist":[70],"people":[71],"with":[72,146],"visual":[73],"impairments":[74],"reading":[76,90],"writing":[78,92],"ALAP":[81,141,158],"includes":[82],"features":[83,104],"like,":[84],"assistive":[85],"debugging,":[86],"Math":[87],"Mode":[88],"notations,":[94],"automatic":[96],"generation":[97],"an":[99],"accessible":[100],"PDF":[101],"document.":[102],"These":[103],"aim":[105],"debugging":[110],"experience":[111],"make":[113],"it":[114,125],"simple":[115],"blind":[117],"users":[118,156],"author":[120],"content":[122],"by":[123,142],"narrating":[124],"natural":[127],"language":[128],"through":[129],"use":[131],"integrated":[133],"speech":[136],"(TTS)":[137],"engine.":[138],"We":[139],"evaluated":[140],"conducting":[143],"18":[147],"visually":[148],"impaired":[149],"users.":[151],"The":[152],"results":[153],"showed":[154],"that":[155],"preferred":[157],"over":[159],"another":[160],"comparable":[161],"based":[163],"tool":[165],"were":[167],"relatively":[168],"more":[169],"comfortable":[170],"completing":[172],"tasks":[174],"while":[175],"using":[176],"ALAP.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2019-05-03T00:00:00"}