{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2941641492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300299","title":"Pictorial System Usability Scale (P-SUS)","display_name":"Pictorial System Usability Scale (P-SUS)","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2941641492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300299","mag":"2941641492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3290605.3300299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300299","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3290605.3300299","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3290605.3300299","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046766657","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Baumgartner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-7502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juergen Baumgartner","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Fribourg &amp; Puzzle ITC, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Fribourg &amp; Puzzle ITC, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031244212","display_name":"Naomi Frei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naomi Frei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023470270","display_name":"Mascha Kleinke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mascha Kleinke","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016467082","display_name":"Juergen Sauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-1694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juergen Sauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059657515","display_name":"Andreas Sonderegger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-0544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Sonderegger","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9744,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91492537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.950176477432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-usability-scale","display_name":"System usability scale","score":0.7846461534500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.722066342830658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5650500655174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5531090497970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergent-validity","display_name":"Convergent validity","score":0.5249635577201843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.42386460304260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic-evaluation","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","score":0.391337126493454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.33733487129211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.32660233974456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometrics","display_name":"Psychometrics","score":0.2591809332370758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.0741405189037323}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.950176477432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139225968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146354","display_name":"System usability scale","level":4,"score":0.7846461534500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.722066342830658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5650500655174255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5531090497970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121244757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783487","display_name":"Convergent validity","level":4,"score":0.5249635577201843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.42386460304260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3255780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616517","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","level":3,"score":0.391337126493454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33733487129211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.32660233974456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.2591809332370758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.0741405189037323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3290605.3300299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300299","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3290605.3300299","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:268432","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/268432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"WoS","raw_type":"conference proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3290605.3300299","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300299","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3290605.3300299","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G825363318","display_name":"Increasing the effectiveness of usability testing: the role of testing method, cultural background and system features beyond usability","funder_award_id":"140359","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2941641492.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2941641492.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W42572451","https://openalex.org/W172711948","https://openalex.org/W220935706","https://openalex.org/W326215048","https://openalex.org/W335903508","https://openalex.org/W1520304697","https://openalex.org/W1542022635","https://openalex.org/W1860602549","https://openalex.org/W1970356902","https://openalex.org/W1982396023","https://openalex.org/W1989597713","https://openalex.org/W1996333894","https://openalex.org/W1998265429","https://openalex.org/W2006451753","https://openalex.org/W2006566901","https://openalex.org/W2010020747","https://openalex.org/W2014726387","https://openalex.org/W2021321460","https://openalex.org/W2032191478","https://openalex.org/W2034297739","https://openalex.org/W2042231295","https://openalex.org/W2043555414","https://openalex.org/W2058070717","https://openalex.org/W2067502478","https://openalex.org/W2074765809","https://openalex.org/W2118015508","https://openalex.org/W2127151017","https://openalex.org/W2137104317","https://openalex.org/W2144162268","https://openalex.org/W2144974696","https://openalex.org/W2146398970","https://openalex.org/W2150454725","https://openalex.org/W2153146203","https://openalex.org/W2154962067","https://openalex.org/W2159013703","https://openalex.org/W2166210814","https://openalex.org/W2167557160","https://openalex.org/W2219445665","https://openalex.org/W2252211299","https://openalex.org/W2268533710","https://openalex.org/W2285687272","https://openalex.org/W2309119717","https://openalex.org/W2405450218","https://openalex.org/W2474664182","https://openalex.org/W2529011823","https://openalex.org/W2574713010","https://openalex.org/W2591806671","https://openalex.org/W2741911961","https://openalex.org/W2789576887","https://openalex.org/W2795274753","https://openalex.org/W2888185349","https://openalex.org/W3000642371","https://openalex.org/W3004133498","https://openalex.org/W3122519107","https://openalex.org/W3147649233","https://openalex.org/W3186094261","https://openalex.org/W3200578695","https://openalex.org/W3200788958","https://openalex.org/W4242214031","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389372346","https://openalex.org/W2096820616","https://openalex.org/W2912104648","https://openalex.org/W82190428","https://openalex.org/W1976360347","https://openalex.org/W3156329635","https://openalex.org/W4321269040","https://openalex.org/W2123051583","https://openalex.org/W4318240367","https://openalex.org/W1005540077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"developed":[2],"a":[3,56,127,132],"pictorial":[4,49,109,113,133],"multi-item":[5],"scale,":[6],"called":[7],"P-SUS":[8,125],"(Pictorial":[9],"System":[10],"Usability":[11,35],"Scale),":[12],"which":[13],"aims":[14],"to":[15,43,78,130],"measure":[16],"the":[17,28,76,81,95,103,112,121,137],"perceived":[18,116],"usability":[19,31,134],"of":[20,94,139],"mobile":[21],"devices.":[22,141],"The":[23,51,85,124],"scale":[24,52,82,114,135],"is":[25],"based":[26],"on":[27],"established":[29],"verbal":[30,107,122],"questionnaire":[32],"SUS":[33],"(System":[34],"Scale).":[36],"A":[37],"user-centred":[38],"design":[39],"process":[40],"was":[41,53,115],"employed":[42],"develop":[44],"and":[45,71,108,111],"refine":[46],"its":[47],"10":[48],"items.":[50,96],"tested":[54],"in":[55,80],"first":[57,128],"validation":[58],"study":[59],"(N=60)":[60],"using":[61],"student":[62],"participants.":[63],"Psychometric":[64],"properties":[65],"(convergent":[66],"validity,":[67,69],"criterion-related":[68],"sensitivity,":[70],"reliability),":[72],"as":[73,75,117],"well":[74],"motivation":[77],"fill":[79],"were":[83,100],"assessed.":[84],"results":[86],"indicated":[87],"satisfactory":[88],"convergent":[89],"validity":[90],"for":[91,102,136],"about":[92],"two-thirds":[93],"Furthermore,":[97],"strong":[98],"correlations":[99],"obtained":[101],"sum":[104],"scores":[105],"between":[106],"SUS,":[110],"more":[118],"motivating":[119],"than":[120],"questionnaire.":[123],"represents":[126],"attempt":[129],"provide":[131],"evaluation":[138],"(mobile)":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2019-05-03T00:00:00"}
