{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2907108374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3289600.3291025","title":"A Sequential Test for Selecting the Better Variant","display_name":"A Sequential Test for Selecting the Better Variant","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2907108374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3289600.3291025","mag":"2907108374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3289600.3291025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3289600.3291025","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035875229","display_name":"Nianqiao Ju","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8861-4087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nianqiao Ju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061114236","display_name":"Diane Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112773","display_name":"Etsy (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzp9g64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112773"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diane Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Etsy Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Etsy Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000213804","display_name":"Adam Henderson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112773","display_name":"Etsy (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzp9g64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112773"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Henderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Etsy Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Etsy Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112773"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111614684","display_name":"Liangjie Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112773","display_name":"Etsy (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzp9g64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112773"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liangjie Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Etsy Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Etsy Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112773"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035875229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1688,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9162761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"492","last_page":"500"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7336171865463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6210982203483582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5631060600280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-hypothesis-testing","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","score":0.5266071557998657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm","display_name":"Harm","score":0.4926770329475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.47378063201904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4730246067047119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.37335893511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35804593563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.350888729095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.32897961139678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13754522800445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12254700064659119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11303001642227173}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7336171865463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6210982203483582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5631060600280762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.5266071557998657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.4926770329475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47378063201904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4730246067047119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.37335893511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35804593563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.350888729095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32897961139678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13754522800445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12254700064659119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11303001642227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3289600.3291025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3289600.3291025","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535995764","https://openalex.org/W1618543586","https://openalex.org/W1896407793","https://openalex.org/W1970385173","https://openalex.org/W2009551863","https://openalex.org/W2020134923","https://openalex.org/W2039119502","https://openalex.org/W2039522160","https://openalex.org/W2108738385","https://openalex.org/W2130527179","https://openalex.org/W2158319693","https://openalex.org/W2167770337","https://openalex.org/W2204774351","https://openalex.org/W2744538883","https://openalex.org/W2808972066","https://openalex.org/W2963007936","https://openalex.org/W2963116501","https://openalex.org/W2963366444","https://openalex.org/W3099470970","https://openalex.org/W4206547457","https://openalex.org/W4230704549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356901839","https://openalex.org/W3203175338","https://openalex.org/W3209501579","https://openalex.org/W4236696095","https://openalex.org/W2969547062","https://openalex.org/W3143779693","https://openalex.org/W2626808643","https://openalex.org/W2004064826","https://openalex.org/W2497114785","https://openalex.org/W4283162910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"A/B":[1,21,61,91,295],"tests":[2,124,215,296],"play":[3],"an":[4,149,221,276],"instrumental":[5],"role":[6],"for":[7,71],"Internet":[8],"companies":[9],"to":[10,49,85,156,175,187,204,297],"improve":[11],"products":[12],"and":[13,43,67,97,201,208,230,244,266,275],"technologies":[14],"in":[15,23,117,301],"a":[16,32,59,78,134,139,168,184,195,271],"data-driven":[17],"manner.":[18],"An":[19],"online":[20,90,123,214,228],"test,":[22],"its":[24,83],"most":[25],"straightforward":[26],"form,":[27],"can":[28],"be":[29,47],"treated":[30,240],"as":[31,41,101,127,241,280],"static":[33,60,128,135,140,213],"hypothesis":[34,129],"test":[35,62,136,225,262],"where":[36],"traditional":[37],"statistical":[38,112],"tools":[39],"such":[40,279],"p-values":[42],"power":[44,267],"analysis":[45,200],"might":[46,110],"applied":[48],"help":[50],"decision":[51],"makers":[52],"determine":[53],"which":[54,93,147],"variant":[55],"performs":[56],"better.":[57],"However,":[58],"presents":[63],"both":[64,188,270],"time":[65,76,206],"cost":[66,70,207,211,303],"the":[68,118,153,209,252,258,299,306],"opportunity":[69,132,210,302],"rapid":[72],"product":[73,80],"iterations.":[74],"For":[75,131],"cost,":[77,133],"fast-paced":[79],"evolution":[81],"pushes":[82],"shareholders":[84],"consistently":[86],"monitor":[87],"results":[88],"from":[89,167],"experiments,":[92],"usually":[94,137],"invites":[95],"peeking":[96],"altering":[98],"experimental":[99],"designs":[100],"data":[102,229,243],"collected.":[103],"It":[104],"is":[105],"recognized":[106],"that":[107,226,257],"this":[108,191],"flexibility":[109],"harm":[111],"guarantees":[113],"if":[114],"not":[115],"introduced":[116],"right":[119],"way,":[120],"especially":[121],"when":[122,304],"are":[125,239,245],"considered":[126],"tests.":[130],"entails":[138],"allocation":[141,232,273,278],"of":[142,152,161,212,233],"users":[143,163],"into":[144],"different":[145],"variants,":[146],"prevents":[148],"immediate":[150],"roll-out":[151],"better":[154],"version":[155],"larger":[157],"audience":[158],"or":[159],"risks":[160],"alienating":[162],"who":[164],"may":[165],"suffer":[166],"bad":[169],"experience.":[170],"While":[171],"some":[172],"works":[173],"try":[174],"tackle":[176],"these":[177],"challenges,":[178],"no":[179],"prior":[180],"method":[181],"focuses":[182],"on":[183,251,292],"holistic":[185],"solution":[186],"issues.":[189],"In":[190,217,286],"paper,":[192],"we":[193,219,255,288],"propose":[194],"unified":[196],"framework":[197],"utilizing":[198],"sequential":[199,223],"multi-armed":[202],"bandit":[203],"address":[205],"simultaneously.":[216],"particular,":[218],"present":[220],"imputed":[222,246,260],"Girshick":[224,261],"accommodates":[227],"dynamic":[231],"data.":[234],"The":[235],"unobserved":[236],"potential":[237],"outcomes":[238],"missing":[242],"using":[247,305],"empirical":[248],"averages.":[249],"Focusing":[250],"binomial":[253],"model,":[254],"demonstrate":[256],"proposed":[259,307],"achieves":[263],"Type-I":[264],"error":[265],"control":[268],"with":[269],"fixed":[272],"ratio":[274],"adaptive":[277],"Thompson":[281],"Sampling":[282],"through":[283],"extensive":[284],"experiments.":[285],"addition,":[287],"also":[289],"run":[290],"experiments":[291],"historical":[293],"Etsy.com":[294],"show":[298],"reduction":[300],"method.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}