{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2886565278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3288599.3288619","title":"Session guarantees with raft and hybrid logical clocks","display_name":"Session guarantees with raft and hybrid logical clocks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2886565278","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3288599.3288619","mag":"2886565278"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3288599.3288619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3288599.3288619","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3288599.3288619","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3288599.3288619","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091165148","display_name":"Mohammad Roohitavaf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Roohitavaf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University","\u2002Michigan State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2002Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061143762","display_name":"Jung-Sang Ahn","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Sang Ahn","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001976671","display_name":"Woon-Hak Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woon-Hak Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108534738","display_name":"Kun Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001749476","display_name":"Gene Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gene Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090314378","display_name":"Sami Ben-Romdhane","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321826891","display_name":"eBay (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02b00s810","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891","https://openalex.org/I4210150719"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Ben-Romdhane","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBay Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBay Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321826891"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072787717","display_name":"Sandeep S. Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7608-2116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandeep S. Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University","\u2002Michigan State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u2002Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091165148"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00694137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"100","last_page":"109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.8217284679412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency-model","display_name":"Consistency model","score":0.8154481649398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7918713092803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.709044873714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6981664896011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eventual-consistency","display_name":"Eventual consistency","score":0.6645098924636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6350774765014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.6210247874259949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5295689105987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weak-consistency","display_name":"Weak consistency","score":0.5122886896133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4361456632614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-availability","display_name":"High availability","score":0.43270519375801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-consistency","display_name":"Data consistency","score":0.42440804839134216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.417961061000824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strong-consistency","display_name":"Strong consistency","score":0.39015787839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1334122121334076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09973427653312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09195291996002197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.8217284679412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37279795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2492305","display_name":"Consistency model","level":3,"score":0.8154481649398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7918713092803955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.709044873714447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6981664896011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34422012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6125872","display_name":"Eventual consistency","level":4,"score":0.6645098924636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6350774765014648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6210247874259949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5295689105987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122377713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422799","display_name":"Weak consistency","level":4,"score":0.5122886896133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4361456632614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65813073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622420","display_name":"High availability","level":2,"score":0.43270519375801086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93361087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4426698","display_name":"Data consistency","level":2,"score":0.42440804839134216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.417961061000824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31388003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7624548","display_name":"Strong consistency","level":3,"score":0.39015787839889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1334122121334076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09973427653312683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09195291996002197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3288599.3288619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3288599.3288619","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3288599.3288619","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1808.05698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.05698","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.05698","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2886565278","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.05698.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1808.05698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.05698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3288599.3288619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3288599.3288619","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3288599.3288619","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7623540563","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XPS 1533802","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2886565278.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2886565278.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12688243","https://openalex.org/W1888857381","https://openalex.org/W2051791715","https://openalex.org/W2071933194","https://openalex.org/W2083398063","https://openalex.org/W2098618284","https://openalex.org/W2111113897","https://openalex.org/W2112612200","https://openalex.org/W2118828464","https://openalex.org/W2121356861","https://openalex.org/W2125930899","https://openalex.org/W2161730338","https://openalex.org/W2167069786","https://openalex.org/W2182688186","https://openalex.org/W2195205682","https://openalex.org/W2274037101","https://openalex.org/W2584769250","https://openalex.org/W2590534970","https://openalex.org/W2604930776","https://openalex.org/W2766827230","https://openalex.org/W2794031872","https://openalex.org/W2795002092","https://openalex.org/W2799669766","https://openalex.org/W3137220996","https://openalex.org/W3137759927","https://openalex.org/W6678245988","https://openalex.org/W6682904396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963206225","https://openalex.org/W2136974652","https://openalex.org/W2963257872","https://openalex.org/W183012652","https://openalex.org/W1538613113","https://openalex.org/W2007888220","https://openalex.org/W2910509763","https://openalex.org/W1988311692","https://openalex.org/W3176523760","https://openalex.org/W2109966896","https://openalex.org/W2583858115","https://openalex.org/W2105489084","https://openalex.org/W2038670788","https://openalex.org/W2801326968","https://openalex.org/W2800536355","https://openalex.org/W2962940030","https://openalex.org/W3000455689","https://openalex.org/W2211352702","https://openalex.org/W2564913379","https://openalex.org/W2762470888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Eventual":[0],"consistency":[1,5,13,46,89],"is":[2],"a":[3,53,61,144],"popular":[4],"model":[6],"for":[7,27,55,59,65,82,90,126],"geo-replicated":[8],"data":[9],"stores.":[10],"Although":[11],"eventual":[12,88,150],"provides":[14,140],"high":[15,69],"performance":[16,72],"and":[17,71,86],"availability,":[18],"it":[19],"can":[20,32],"cause":[21],"anomalies":[22,37],"that":[23,137],"make":[24],"programming":[25],"complex":[26],"application":[28],"developers.":[29],"Session":[30],"guarantees":[31,58,101,142],"remove":[33],"some":[34],"of":[35,98,106,114],"these":[36],"while":[38],"causing":[39],"much":[40],"lower":[41],"overhead":[42,146],"compared":[43,148],"with":[44,67,111,143,149],"stronger":[45],"models.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"provide":[52,95],"protocol":[54,81,139],"providing":[56],"session":[57,100,132,141],"NuKV,":[60],"key-value":[62],"store":[63],"developed":[64],"services":[66],"very":[68],"availability":[70],"requirements":[73],"at":[74],"eBay.":[75],"NuKV":[76],"relies":[77],"on":[78],"the":[79,104,124],"Raft":[80],"replication":[83,91],"inside":[84],"datacenters,":[85],"uses":[87],"among":[92],"datacenters.":[93],"We":[94,116],"modified":[96],"versions":[97],"conventional":[99],"to":[102,122,130],"avoid":[103],"problem":[105],"slowdown":[107],"cascades":[108],"in":[109],"systems":[110],"large":[112],"numbers":[113],"partitions.":[115],"also":[117],"use":[118],"Hybrid":[119],"Logical":[120],"Clocks":[121],"eliminate":[123],"need":[125],"delaying":[127],"write":[128],"operations":[129],"satisfy":[131],"guarantees.":[133],"Our":[134],"experiments":[135],"show":[136],"our":[138],"negligible":[145],"when":[147],"consistency.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}