{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891755557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3266003.3266006","title":"Mutation Operators for Code Annotations","display_name":"Mutation Operators for Code Annotations","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891755557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3266003.3266006","mag":"2891755557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3266003.3266006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3266003.3266006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the III Brazilian Symposium on Systematic and Automated Software Testing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000889190","display_name":"Pedro Pinheiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4905-1680"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Pinheiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036292120","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos Posada Viana","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos Viana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078235310","display_name":"Leo Fernandes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9090-2232"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Fernandes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Informatics Center, UFPE, Brazil, Informatics Coord., IFAL, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Informatics Center, UFPE, Brazil, Informatics Coord., IFAL, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051287042","display_name":"M\u00e1rcio Ribeiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4293-4261"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u00e1rcio Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048540696","display_name":"Fabiano Cutigi Ferrari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-8529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177909021","display_name":"Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdc6m37","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177909021"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabiano Ferrari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Dep., UFSCar, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Dep., UFSCar, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177909021"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090231856","display_name":"Baldo\u00edno Fonseca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0730-0319"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baldoino Fonseca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Institute, UFAL, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075988425","display_name":"Rohit Gheyi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-4449"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohit Gheyi","raw_affiliation_strings":["DSC, UFCG, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DSC, UFCG, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000889190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2947,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6269419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8036370277404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7128771543502808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.6042100787162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5949805974960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-suite","display_name":"Test suite","score":0.5905126333236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"Mutation","score":0.5666940212249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.5221186876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4818950295448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4503917396068573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.44193923473358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4097839593887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3480381369590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.3214806020259857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29420745372772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.14521843194961548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8036370277404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7128771543502808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6042100787162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5949805974960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151552104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705809","display_name":"Test suite","level":4,"score":0.5905126333236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.5666940212249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.5221186876296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4818950295448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4503917396068573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.44193923473358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4097839593887329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3480381369590759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.3214806020259857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29420745372772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14521843194961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3266003.3266006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3266003.3266006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the III Brazilian Symposium on Systematic and Automated Software Testing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1590192307","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"000435/2017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321887","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3064824864","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"175956, 117875","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","funder_display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7515512013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"308380/2016-9, 477943/2013-6, 460883/2014-3, 306610/2013-2, 307190/2015-3, 409335/2016-9, 306310/2016-3,465614/2014-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8164730588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016/21251-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/02ddkpn78"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321887","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas","ror":"https://ror.org/02ddkpn78"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500132926","https://openalex.org/W1546908222","https://openalex.org/W1567503821","https://openalex.org/W1635699602","https://openalex.org/W1992602600","https://openalex.org/W2008479535","https://openalex.org/W2014011458","https://openalex.org/W2049695835","https://openalex.org/W2061227290","https://openalex.org/W2078124027","https://openalex.org/W2097599402","https://openalex.org/W2099845725","https://openalex.org/W2107388311","https://openalex.org/W2109208297","https://openalex.org/W2122024084","https://openalex.org/W2133316116","https://openalex.org/W2135841285","https://openalex.org/W2135937266","https://openalex.org/W2136723626","https://openalex.org/W2147727331","https://openalex.org/W2170260129","https://openalex.org/W2244013538","https://openalex.org/W2291618346","https://openalex.org/W2294573669","https://openalex.org/W2395381729","https://openalex.org/W2470176409","https://openalex.org/W2546441935","https://openalex.org/W2616524285","https://openalex.org/W2725449579","https://openalex.org/W2763110557","https://openalex.org/W2784256236","https://openalex.org/W2884023932","https://openalex.org/W4229772528","https://openalex.org/W4231630649","https://openalex.org/W4251804709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3046984657","https://openalex.org/W2053943328","https://openalex.org/W1598160211","https://openalex.org/W2067499928","https://openalex.org/W2018145554","https://openalex.org/W1524028411","https://openalex.org/W2138059712","https://openalex.org/W2127248783","https://openalex.org/W4256285596","https://openalex.org/W1793348505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mutation":[0],"testing":[1,24],"is":[2],"a":[3,87,142],"technique":[4],"that":[5,111],"injects":[6],"artificial":[7],"faults":[8,75,124],"to":[9,72,117,137,165,180,183,198,216],"check":[10],"whether":[11],"the":[12,21,46,131,139,150,170,186,204],"existing":[13],"test":[14,201],"suite":[15,202],"can":[16,195,213],"detect":[17],"them.":[18],"To":[19,78,103],"inject":[20],"faults,":[22],"mutation":[23,28,48,70,90],"tools":[25],"rely":[26],"on":[27,52],"operators,":[29,106],"such":[30],"as":[31,128],"Arithmetic":[32],"Operator":[33,36],"Replacement,":[34,37],"Relational":[35],"Statement":[38],"Deletion,":[39],"and":[40,56,69,125,145,203],"Overriding":[41],"Method":[42],"Rename.":[43],"Most":[44],"of":[45,64,89,93,115,169,185],"proposed":[47],"operators":[49,71,91,162,177,194],"have":[50],"focused":[51],"imperative":[53],"language":[54],"constructs":[55],"object-oriented":[57],"constructs.":[58],"However,":[59],"many":[60],"projects":[61,110],"make":[62,112],"use":[63,114,138],"meta-programming":[65],"through":[66],"code":[67,155,205],"annotations,":[68],"simulate":[73,166,181],"annotation-related":[74,95,119,218],"are":[76,163,178],"missing.":[77],"minimize":[79],"this":[80,83],"problem,":[81],"in":[82,141],"paper":[84],"we":[85,99,107],"propose":[86],"set":[88],"capable":[92],"simulating":[94],"faults.":[96,120,173,188,219],"In":[97,174],"particular,":[98,175],"define":[100],"nine":[101],"operators.":[102],"evaluate":[104],"our":[105,193],"mined":[108,172],"Java":[109],"heavy":[113],"annotations":[116,140],"identify":[118],"We":[121],"analyzed":[122,187],"100":[123,171],"categorized":[126],"them":[127],"\"misuse\",":[129],"when":[130,149],"developer":[132,151],"does":[133],"not":[134],"know":[135],"how":[136],"proper":[143],"way;":[144],"\"wrong":[146],"annotation":[147,154],"parsing\",":[148],"wrongly":[152],"parses":[153],"(by":[156],"using":[157],"refection,":[158],"for":[159,191,207],"example).":[160],"Our":[161],"able":[164,179],"95":[167],"out":[168],"three":[176],"up":[182],"82%":[184],"As":[189],"implications":[190],"practice,":[192],"help":[196,214],"developers":[197,215],"improve":[199],"their":[200],"responsible":[206],"parsing":[208],"annotated":[209],"code.":[210],"Also,":[211],"they":[212],"avoid":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
