{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889555490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3243734.3243790","title":"Domain Validation++ For MitM-Resilient PKI","display_name":"Domain Validation++ For MitM-Resilient PKI","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889555490","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3243734.3243790","mag":"2889555490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3243734.3243790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3243734.3243790","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030399329","display_name":"Markus Brandt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133470","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt2gs44","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Brandt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008122874","display_name":"Tianxiang Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7968-2499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133470","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt2gs44","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianxiang Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017088429","display_name":"Amit Klein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8024-8756"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110448956","display_name":"Haya Shulman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133470","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt2gs44","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haya Shulman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078166208","display_name":"Michael Waidner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7919-9961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133470","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt2gs44","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Waidner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9580281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2060","last_page":"2076"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/man-in-the-middle-attack","display_name":"Man-in-the-middle attack","score":0.859615683555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.8106580972671509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-infrastructure","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","score":0.7578752040863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.708977997303009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate-authority","display_name":"Certificate authority","score":0.6459751129150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.6366381645202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate","display_name":"Certificate","score":0.5368115901947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5133625864982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.48859649896621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.45537787675857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.45357030630111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36516767740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11148881912231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.09012860059738159}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196491621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554830","display_name":"Man-in-the-middle attack","level":3,"score":0.859615683555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.8106580972671509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72648740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658476","display_name":"Public key infrastructure","level":4,"score":0.7578752040863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.708977997303009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93636275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196776","display_name":"Certificate authority","level":4,"score":0.6459751129150391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.6366381645202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.5368115901947021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5133625864982605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.48859649896621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.45537787675857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.45357030630111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36516767740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11148881912231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.09012860059738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3243734.3243790","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3243734.3243790","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:229616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/229616/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-524019","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-524019.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer SIT","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/402795","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/402795","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:106965","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.sigsac.org/ccs/CCS2018/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":" Konferenzver\u00f6ffentlichung"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52006136","https://openalex.org/W106237003","https://openalex.org/W191602828","https://openalex.org/W1785673704","https://openalex.org/W1988941656","https://openalex.org/W2048384452","https://openalex.org/W2070831748","https://openalex.org/W2072730946","https://openalex.org/W2087039608","https://openalex.org/W2092148937","https://openalex.org/W2095738444","https://openalex.org/W2114398364","https://openalex.org/W2130867912","https://openalex.org/W2133396782","https://openalex.org/W2134101189","https://openalex.org/W2158204917","https://openalex.org/W2161954933","https://openalex.org/W2163005041","https://openalex.org/W2167212639","https://openalex.org/W2171861685","https://openalex.org/W2229362225","https://openalex.org/W2229816825","https://openalex.org/W2255058412","https://openalex.org/W2294157280","https://openalex.org/W2295359938","https://openalex.org/W2338858629","https://openalex.org/W2346063447","https://openalex.org/W2350778671","https://openalex.org/W2469403219","https://openalex.org/W2511395838","https://openalex.org/W2604369013","https://openalex.org/W2619725017","https://openalex.org/W2751165946","https://openalex.org/W2752610700","https://openalex.org/W2763340581","https://openalex.org/W2808499776","https://openalex.org/W2889229760","https://openalex.org/W2950691899","https://openalex.org/W2952097588","https://openalex.org/W3023762229","https://openalex.org/W3121975541","https://openalex.org/W3162417966","https://openalex.org/W6689110692","https://openalex.org/W6720167844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994213367","https://openalex.org/W1968118562","https://openalex.org/W4313128548","https://openalex.org/W1612032142","https://openalex.org/W1494030766","https://openalex.org/W3013016046","https://openalex.org/W1915479549","https://openalex.org/W2741200606","https://openalex.org/W3195490030","https://openalex.org/W4386315167"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59],"security":[1,168],"of":[2,10,32,55,106,133,149,163,169],"Internet-based":[3],"applications":[4],"fundamentally":[5],"relies":[6],"on":[7],"the":[8,18,30,56,67,75,85,111,120,131,158,164],"trustworthiness":[9,31],"Certificate":[11],"Authorities":[12],"(CAs).":[13],"We":[14,93,166],"practically":[15],"demonstrate":[16,167],"for":[17,46,73],"first":[19],"time":[20],"that":[21,102],"even":[22,143],"a":[23,90],"weak":[24],"off-path":[25],"attacker":[26,76],"can":[27],"effectively":[28],"subvert":[29],"popular":[33],"commercially":[34],"used":[35],"CAs.":[36,165],"Our":[37],"attack":[38,60],"targets":[39],"CAs":[40,52],"which":[41],"use":[42],"Domain":[43,115],"Validation":[44],"(DV)":[45],"authenticating":[47],"domain":[48],"ownership;":[49],"collectively":[50],"these":[51],"control":[53],"99%":[54],"certificates":[57,72,83],"market.":[58],"utilises":[61],"DNS":[62],"Cache":[63],"poisoning":[64],"and":[65,96,137,153,174],"tricks":[66],"CA":[68],"into":[69],"issuing":[70],"fraudulent":[71],"domains":[74],"does":[77,154],"not":[78,155],"legitimately":[79],"own":[80],"--":[81],"namely":[82],"binding":[84],"attacker's":[86],"public":[87],"key":[88],"to":[89,179],"victim":[91],"domain.":[92],"discuss":[94],"short":[95,105],"long":[97],"term":[98],"defences,":[99],"but":[100],"argue":[101],"they":[103],"fall":[104],"securing":[107],"DV.":[108],"To":[109],"mitigate":[110],"threats":[112],"we":[113],"propose":[114],"Validation++":[116],"(DV++).":[117],"DV++":[118,140,150,170,180],"replaces":[119],"need":[121],"in":[122,126],"cryptography":[123],"through":[124],"assumptions":[125,173],"distributed":[127],"systems.":[128],"While":[129],"retaining":[130],"benefits":[132],"DV":[134],"(automation,":[135],"efficiency":[136],"low":[138],"costs)":[139],"is":[141,151],"secure":[142],"against":[144],"Man-in-the-Middle":[145],"(MitM)":[146],"attackers.":[147],"Deployment":[148],"simple":[152],"require":[156],"changing":[157],"existing":[159],"infrastructure":[160],"nor":[161],"systems":[162],"under":[171],"realistic":[172],"provide":[175],"open":[176],"source":[177],"access":[178],"implementation.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
