{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891010802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3235765.3235817","title":"Graph-based generation of action-adventure dungeon levels using answer set programming","display_name":"Graph-based generation of action-adventure dungeon levels using answer set programming","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891010802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3235765.3235817","mag":"2891010802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3235765.3235817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3235765.3235817","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/files/185972557/TSmithPureGBGwASP.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032336172","display_name":"Thomas M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6428-8777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145133","display_name":"Red Ninja (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/046ejs207","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738289","display_name":"Ninja Theory (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04xrsn650","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4392738289"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ninja Theory, ltd., Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ninja Theory, ltd., Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145133","https://openalex.org/I4392738289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005596564","display_name":"Juli\u00e1n Padget","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-2094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Padget","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bath, Bath, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bath, Bath, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036552034","display_name":"Andrew Vidler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145133","display_name":"Red Ninja (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/046ejs207","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738289","display_name":"Ninja Theory (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04xrsn650","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4392738289"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Vidler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ninja Theory, ltd., Cambridge, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ninja Theory, ltd., Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145133","https://openalex.org/I4392738289"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1309,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83950864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9549999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7806155681610107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adventure","display_name":"Adventure","score":0.7789194583892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.7225998640060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5563668608665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.5481600165367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5070838928222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.495686411857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.49057239294052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lock","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","score":0.4745940864086151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.46305203437805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-programming","display_name":"Constraint programming","score":0.4491906464099884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-acyclic-graph","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","score":0.43158677220344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4237951934337616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3560669720172882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3234364986419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.26333993673324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12071996927261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.11112990975379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08431673049926758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7806155681610107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42133412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319221","display_name":"Adventure","level":2,"score":0.7789194583892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.7225998640060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5563668608665466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.5481600165367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5070838928222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.495686411857605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.49057239294052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174839445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134386","display_name":"Lock (firearm)","level":2,"score":0.4745940864086151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46305203437805176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173404611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528588","display_name":"Constraint programming","level":3,"score":0.4491906464099884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74197172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195339","display_name":"Directed acyclic graph","level":2,"score":0.43158677220344543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4237951934337616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3560669720172882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3234364986419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26333993673324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12071996927261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.11112990975379944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08431673049926758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3235765.3235817","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3235765.3235817","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/68ce9492-70dc-487c-8bc3-5b86c4ced34d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/68ce9492-70dc-487c-8bc3-5b86c4ced34d","pdf_url":"https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/files/185972557/TSmithPureGBGwASP.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:publications/68ce9492-70dc-487c-8bc3-5b86c4ced34d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85055477379&partnerID=8YFLogxK","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:purehost.bath.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/68ce9492-70dc-487c-8bc3-5b86c4ced34d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/68ce9492-70dc-487c-8bc3-5b86c4ced34d","pdf_url":"https://purehost.bath.ac.uk/ws/files/185972557/TSmithPureGBGwASP.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196294","display_name":"Pure (University of Bath)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","host_organization_name":"University of Bath","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3271950611","display_name":"Industrial Doctorate Centre: Digital Media, Special Effects and Animation","funder_award_id":"EP/G037736/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338169","display_name":"Centre for Digital Entertainment","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2891010802.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2891010802.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184452495","https://openalex.org/W1541966139","https://openalex.org/W1972880090","https://openalex.org/W2020987898","https://openalex.org/W2035033474","https://openalex.org/W2060020482","https://openalex.org/W2066146655","https://openalex.org/W2069547117","https://openalex.org/W2096981866","https://openalex.org/W2099295505","https://openalex.org/W2103823214","https://openalex.org/W2117006321","https://openalex.org/W2152660354","https://openalex.org/W2413988422","https://openalex.org/W2535523543","https://openalex.org/W2556225777","https://openalex.org/W2574952924","https://openalex.org/W2578150292","https://openalex.org/W2751075778","https://openalex.org/W2751664186","https://openalex.org/W2897314585","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378994405","https://openalex.org/W2385974820","https://openalex.org/W2373478030","https://openalex.org/W2378679551","https://openalex.org/W3149739944","https://openalex.org/W2392363776","https://openalex.org/W2063051341","https://openalex.org/W2591066345","https://openalex.org/W1494563618","https://openalex.org/W2357022711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"construction":[1],"of":[2,14,42,53,57,75,81],"dungeons":[3,25],"in":[4],"typical":[5],"action-adventure":[6],"computer":[7],"games":[8],"entails":[9],"composing":[10],"a":[11,35,55,65,93],"complex":[12],"arrangement":[13],"structural":[15],"and":[16,60,91],"temporal":[17],"dependencies.":[18],"It":[19],"is":[20,51],"not":[21],"simple":[22],"to":[23,38,70,84],"generate":[24],"with":[26,95],"correct":[27],"lock-and-key":[28],"structures.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31],"paper":[32],"we":[33],"sketch":[34],"controllable":[36],"approach":[37],"building":[39],"graph-based":[40],"models":[41],"acyclic":[43],"dungeon":[44],"levels":[45],"via":[46],"declarative":[47],"constraint":[48],"solving,":[49],"that":[50],"capable":[52],"satisfying":[54],"range":[56,68],"hard":[58],"gameplay":[59],"design":[61],"constraints.":[62],"We":[63],"use":[64],"quantitative":[66],"expressive":[67],"analysis":[69],"characterise":[71],"the":[72,76,82,86],"initial":[73],"output":[74,87],"system,":[77],"present":[78],"an":[79,96],"example":[80],"degree":[83],"which":[85],"may":[88],"be":[89],"altered,":[90],"show":[92],"comparison":[94],"alternate":[97],"approach.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
