{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889487754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3231053.3231096","title":"Virtual microgrids","display_name":"Virtual microgrids","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889487754","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3231053.3231096","mag":"2889487754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3231053.3231096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3231053.3231096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621191/1/Virtual_Microgrid2_Short.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011425554","display_name":"Kelvin Anoh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-6945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kelvin Anoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Metropolitan University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Metropolitan University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080159343","display_name":"Augustine Ikpehai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-8188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Augustine Ikpehai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Metropolitan University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Metropolitan University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077197425","display_name":"Dragana Bajovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1783-8734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dragana Bajovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Novi Sad, Serbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084989172","display_name":"Olamide Jogunola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-9524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olamide Jogunola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Metropolitan University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Metropolitan University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031253024","display_name":"Bamidele Adebisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-9120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bamidele Adebisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Metropolitan University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Metropolitan University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035227760","display_name":"Dejan Vukobratovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-8420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170726198","display_name":"University of Novi Sad","ror":"https://ror.org/00xa57a59","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dejan Vukobratovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Novi Sad, Serbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Novi Sad, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170726198"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089637331","display_name":"Mohammad Hammoudeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-0996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11983389","display_name":"Manchester Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hstj355","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hammoudeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manchester Metropolitan University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manchester Metropolitan University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011425554"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11983389"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8057,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9116366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosumer","display_name":"Prosumer","score":0.961087167263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6758003234863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6743655204772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.6533223986625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5962814092636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlay-network","display_name":"Overlay network","score":0.5256078243255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.523797869682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.50701904296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.48003923892974854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.46126630902290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overlay","display_name":"Overlay","score":0.4380587339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.43087077140808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.42779237031936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.42319101095199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.2317103147506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.20757967233657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1900084912776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14270806312561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.0980033278465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09588003158569336}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779939747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145220","display_name":"Prosumer","level":3,"score":0.961087167263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6758003234863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6743655204772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.6533223986625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5962814092636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169851745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331985","display_name":"Overlay network","level":3,"score":0.5256078243255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.523797869682312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.50701904296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.48003923892974854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.46126630902290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136085584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910289","display_name":"Overlay","level":2,"score":0.4380587339401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.43087077140808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.42779237031936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.42319101095199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.2317103147506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.20757967233657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1900084912776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14270806312561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0980033278465271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09588003158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3231053.3231096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3231053.3231096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:shura.shu.ac.uk:23949","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401600","display_name":"SHURA (Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive) (Sheffield Hallam University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71422933","host_organization_name":"Sheffield Hallam University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71422933"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:e-space.mmu.ac.uk:621191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/view/authors/630514ac74c87059738196389ef8e00c.html>,","pdf_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621191/1/Virtual_Microgrid2_Short.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:e-space.mmu.ac.uk:621191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/view/authors/630514ac74c87059738196389ef8e00c.html>,","pdf_url":"https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621191/1/Virtual_Microgrid2_Short.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7376874757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N03466X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2889487754.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993211576","https://openalex.org/W2029329966","https://openalex.org/W2067027592","https://openalex.org/W2071133126","https://openalex.org/W2077578348","https://openalex.org/W2119531181","https://openalex.org/W2127761430","https://openalex.org/W2170014900","https://openalex.org/W2617656804","https://openalex.org/W2734551887","https://openalex.org/W2756634452","https://openalex.org/W2757160285","https://openalex.org/W2772355367","https://openalex.org/W2776717170","https://openalex.org/W2779963755","https://openalex.org/W2786291477","https://openalex.org/W2795271109","https://openalex.org/W2804753607","https://openalex.org/W2903794674","https://openalex.org/W4241697591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W89955905","https://openalex.org/W1691715735","https://openalex.org/W1637847238","https://openalex.org/W2042060105","https://openalex.org/W2126533264","https://openalex.org/W2122565901","https://openalex.org/W2041341978","https://openalex.org/W2749656779","https://openalex.org/W4210965064","https://openalex.org/W2134691083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,14,27,47,108,122,127,138,141],"distributed":[3],"energy":[4,19,28],"resources":[5],"(DERs)":[6],"and":[7,73],"smart":[8],"technologies":[9],"has":[10],"enabled":[11],"the":[12,18,25,33,66,70,75,94,101,106,119,123,151,154],"integration":[13],"microgrid":[15],"generation":[16],"into":[17,53],"supply":[20],"chain.":[21],"This":[22],"paper":[23],"proposes":[24],"use":[26],"trading":[29],"agents":[30],"(ETA)":[31],"in":[32,37,43,87,100],"overlaying":[34],"communication":[35,67,76],"system":[36],"a":[38,45,88,111,134,158],"neighbourhood":[39],"area":[40],"network":[41,68,109],"(NAN)":[42],"which":[44],"number":[46],"microgrids":[48],"(MGs)":[49],"are":[50],"grouped":[51],"together":[52],"logical":[54],"clusters":[55],"called":[56],"virtual":[57],"MGs":[58],"(VMGs)":[59],"to":[60,117],"minimize":[61],"operational":[62],"costs.":[63],"To":[64],"decouple":[65],"from":[69],"grid":[71],"topology":[72],"study":[74],"performance,":[77],"each":[78],"VMG":[79,89],"is":[80,114],"assigned":[81],"an":[82],"ETA":[83,95],"such":[84],"that":[85,147],"prosumers":[86],"exchange":[90],"messages":[91],"only":[92],"with":[93],"rather":[96],"than":[97],"uncontrolled":[98],"messaging":[99],"network.":[102],"Although":[103],"this":[104,132],"reduces":[105,153],"amount":[107],"traffic,":[110],"key":[112],"question":[113],"on":[115],"how":[116],"determine":[118],"optimal":[120],"location":[121],"ETAs.":[124],"For":[125],"VMGs":[126],"regular":[128,142],"shapes,":[129],"we":[130],"formulate":[131],"as":[133],"simple":[135],"minimization":[136],"problem":[137],"Euclidean":[139],"distances":[140],"shapes.":[143],"Our":[144],"results":[145],"show":[146],"by":[148,157,160],"employing":[149],"ETAs,":[150],"model":[152],"distance":[155],"traversed":[156],"prosumer":[159],"40%.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2018-09-07T00:00:00"}