{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2825030700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3214268","title":"Energy-Ball","display_name":"Energy-Ball","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2825030700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3214268","mag":"2825030700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3214268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3214268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219751","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","issn_l":"2474-9567","issn":["2474-9567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101588749","display_name":"Xiaoran Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-9250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoran Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055427830","display_name":"Han Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-7988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064832897","display_name":"Sugang Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sugang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032144272","display_name":"Michael Sanzari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Sanzari","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103041851","display_name":"Yanyong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9046-798X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078633885","display_name":"Wade Trappe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0635-9458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wade Trappe","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103114504","display_name":"Richard Howard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0979-4174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard E. Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINLAB, Rutgers University, North Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101588749"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3476,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92901175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-software-radio-peripheral","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","score":0.7507153749465942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7147678136825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-radio","display_name":"Software-defined radio","score":0.5681476593017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5554043650627136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.5295245051383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5261936783790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4783329963684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-density","display_name":"Power density","score":0.4618721306324005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.44245415925979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/available-energy","display_name":"Available energy","score":0.44159871339797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.41009560227394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3296980857849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22405046224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21843045949935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19561704993247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09047183394432068}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192220659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245659","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","level":3,"score":0.7507153749465942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7147678136825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.5681476593017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5554043650627136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.5295245051383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5261936783790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4783329963684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21881925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503313","display_name":"Power density","level":3,"score":0.4618721306324005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.44245415925979614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35380695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4827434","display_name":"Available energy","level":3,"score":0.44159871339797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.41009560227394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3296980857849121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22405046224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21843045949935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19561704993247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09047183394432068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3214268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3214268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219751","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","issn_l":"2474-9567","issn":["2474-9567"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1562592450","https://openalex.org/W1563362697","https://openalex.org/W1586133453","https://openalex.org/W1967698183","https://openalex.org/W1968942970","https://openalex.org/W1972328497","https://openalex.org/W1977259083","https://openalex.org/W1980353514","https://openalex.org/W1994064580","https://openalex.org/W2000172548","https://openalex.org/W2008358223","https://openalex.org/W2011794886","https://openalex.org/W2012744437","https://openalex.org/W2044079777","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2064310069","https://openalex.org/W2066823687","https://openalex.org/W2097736984","https://openalex.org/W2099461393","https://openalex.org/W2105811735","https://openalex.org/W2107319425","https://openalex.org/W2112323603","https://openalex.org/W2114948184","https://openalex.org/W2135890169","https://openalex.org/W2139349967","https://openalex.org/W2141350031","https://openalex.org/W2147906061","https://openalex.org/W2155559532","https://openalex.org/W2158057034","https://openalex.org/W2159247703","https://openalex.org/W2162654459","https://openalex.org/W2169837091","https://openalex.org/W2171776966","https://openalex.org/W2182334859","https://openalex.org/W2394925491","https://openalex.org/W2547011744","https://openalex.org/W2587885572","https://openalex.org/W2604721075","https://openalex.org/W2625245562","https://openalex.org/W2782879054","https://openalex.org/W2792623708","https://openalex.org/W2901136733","https://openalex.org/W2963206876","https://openalex.org/W3104612859","https://openalex.org/W4242781462","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302422232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W286582448","https://openalex.org/W4251089492","https://openalex.org/W2886621694","https://openalex.org/W2747628204","https://openalex.org/W2127011572","https://openalex.org/W2993899695","https://openalex.org/W2540432762","https://openalex.org/W2354005007","https://openalex.org/W2086030743","https://openalex.org/W2911420891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"power":[1,25,233,266,282],"transfer":[2,26,166,242,262],"(WPT)":[3],"promises":[4],"to":[5,8,14,56,64,134,146,169,231,244,267],"deliver":[6,278],"energy":[7,39,50,68,76,87,105,108,137,151,165,197,212,225,243],"devices":[9],"that":[10,102,177,210,239,283],"are":[11],"otherwise":[12],"hard":[13],"charge":[15],"or":[16],"replace":[17],"batteries":[18],"for.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"presents":[22],"a":[23,33,65,94,112,116,192,255],"new":[24],"approach":[27,47,62,140],"by":[28],"aligning":[29],"the":[30,42,72,75,79,86,107,163,206,211,217,224,229,248,251,268,291],"phases":[31],"of":[32,35,53,119,122,150,179,214,235,257,264],"collection":[34],"radio":[36],"frequency":[37],"(RF)":[38],"chargers":[40],"at":[41,78,89,216,254,287],"target":[43,80,218],"receiver":[44,81,252],"device.":[45],"Our":[46],"can":[48,114,142,241,261,277],"ship":[49,147],"over":[51,152,279],"tens":[52],"meters":[54],"and":[55,125,131,161,182],"mobile":[57,269],"targets.":[58],"More":[59],"importantly,":[60],"our":[61,139,272],"leads":[63],"highly":[66],"asymmetric":[67,136],"density":[69,77,88,213,226],"distribution":[70],"in":[71],"charging":[73],"area:":[74],"is":[82,93,220],"much":[83,128],"higher":[84,148,222],"than":[85,223],"other":[90],"locations.":[91],"It":[92],"departure":[95],"from":[96],"existing":[97],"beamforming":[98],"based":[99],"WPT":[100],"systems":[101],"have":[103],"high":[104],"along":[106],"beam":[109],"path.":[110],"Such":[111],"technology":[113],"enable":[115],"large":[117],"array":[118],"batteryless":[120,285],"Internet":[121],"Things":[123],"applications":[124],"render":[126],"them":[127],"more":[129],"robust":[130],"long-running.":[132],"Thanks":[133],"its":[135],"distribution,":[138],"potentially":[141],"be":[143],"scaled":[144],"up":[145],"level":[149],"longer":[153],"distances.":[154],"In":[155],"this":[156],"paper,":[157],"we":[158],"design,":[159],"prototype,":[160],"evaluate":[162],"proposed":[164],"approach,":[167],"referred":[168],"as":[170],"Energy-Ball.":[171],"We":[172,200,208,237],"implement":[173],"an":[174],"Energy-Ball":[175,215,240,260,276],"testbed":[176],"consists":[178],"17":[180],"N210":[181],"4":[183],"B210":[184],"Universal":[185],"Software":[186],"Radio":[187],"Peripheral":[188],"(USRP)":[189],"nodes,":[190],"yielding":[191],"20":[193,195],"x":[194],"m2":[196],"delivery":[198],"area.":[199,249,292],"conduct":[201],"carefully":[202],"designed":[203],"experiments":[204],"on":[205],"testbed.":[207],"demo":[209],"spot":[219],"considerably":[221],"elsewhere,":[227],"with":[228],"peak":[230],"average":[232],"ratio":[234],"8.72.":[236],"show":[238,275],"any":[245,288],"point":[246,289],"within":[247],"When":[250],"moves":[253],"speed":[256],"0.5":[258],"m/s,":[259],"80%":[263],"optimal":[265],"receiver.":[270],"Further,":[271],"results":[273],"also":[274],"0.6mw":[280],"RF":[281],"enables":[284],"sensors":[286],"across":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2018-07-19T00:00:00"}
