{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800412265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3213232.3213235","title":"A First Look at Certification Authority Authorization (CAA)","display_name":"A First Look at Certification Authority Authorization (CAA)","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800412265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3213232.3213235","mag":"2800412265"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3213232.3213235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3213232.3213235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/67e22cf6-4c79-4f65-ab02-d7a782599773","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047943038","display_name":"Quirin Scheitle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quirin Scheitle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich (TUM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich (TUM)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101705523","display_name":"Taejoong Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1270-0373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87182695","display_name":"Universidad del Noreste","ror":"https://ror.org/02ahky613","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taejoong Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041408697","display_name":"Jens Hiller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-8410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Hiller","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043144381","display_name":"Oliver Gasser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3425-9331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Gasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich (TUM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich (TUM)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027533362","display_name":"Johannes Naab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-7643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Naab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich (TUM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich (TUM)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091643049","display_name":"Roland van Rijswijk-Deij","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0249-8776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland van Rijswijk-Deij","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Twente / SURFnet"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Twente / SURFnet","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003825969","display_name":"Oliver Hohlfeld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Hohlfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005480813","display_name":"Ralph Holz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9614-2377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Holz","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Sydney"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Sydney","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034949942","display_name":"Dave Choffnes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87182695","display_name":"Universidad del Noreste","ror":"https://ror.org/02ahky613","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dave Choffnes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083710366","display_name":"Alan Mislove","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-9302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87182695","display_name":"Universidad del Noreste","ror":"https://ror.org/02ahky613","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Mislove","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060144977","display_name":"Georg Carle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2347-1839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georg Carle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich (TUM)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich (TUM)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7857,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98119735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"2","first_page":"10","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revocation","display_name":"Revocation","score":0.7472401857376099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7091198563575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7076939940452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.7020539045333862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certificate-authority","display_name":"Certificate authority","score":0.5685716271400452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5523185133934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control","display_name":"Access control","score":0.5163549184799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.49205702543258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorization","display_name":"Authorization","score":0.48297372460365295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-domain","display_name":"Public domain","score":0.4137304425239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3653704524040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.3346983790397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.22503939270973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.13081645965576172}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775892892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509517","display_name":"Revocation","level":3,"score":0.7472401857376099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7091198563575745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7076939940452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.7020539045333862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93636275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196776","display_name":"Certificate authority","level":4,"score":0.5685716271400452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5523185133934021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.5163549184799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.49205702543258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108759981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788590","display_name":"Authorization","level":2,"score":0.48297372460365295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512654426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19652","display_name":"Public domain","level":2,"score":0.4137304425239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3653704524040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.3346983790397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22503939270973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.13081645965576172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3213232.3213235","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3213232.3213235","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66039016","display_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","issn_l":"0146-4833","issn":["0146-4833","1943-5819"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/67e22cf6-4c79-4f65-ab02-d7a782599773","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/67e22cf6-4c79-4f65-ab02-d7a782599773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scheitle, Q, Chung, T, Hiller, J, Gasser, O, Naab, J, van Rijswijk - Deij, R M, Hohlfeld, O, Holz, R, Choffnes, D, Mislove, A & Carle, G 2018, 'A First Look at Certification Authority Authorization (CAA)', Computer communication review, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 11-23. https://doi.org/10.1145/3213232.3213235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:111541","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/111541/","pdf_url":"https://www.net.in.tum.de/fileadmin/bibtex/publications/papers/caa_ccr.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Artikel"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:753787","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-236511%22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401033","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communications Review : CCR 48, 10-23 (2018). doi:10.1145/3213232.3213235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/67e22cf6-4c79-4f65-ab02-d7a782599773","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/67e22cf6-4c79-4f65-ab02-d7a782599773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scheitle, Q, Chung, T, Hiller, J, Gasser, O, Naab, J, van Rijswijk - Deij, R M, Hohlfeld, O, Holz, R, Choffnes, D, Mislove, A & Carle, G 2018, 'A First Look at Certification Authority Authorization (CAA)', Computer communication review, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 11-23. https://doi.org/10.1145/3213232.3213235","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1723849911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1053 MAKI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2284151198","display_name":"TWC: Medium: Collaborative: Measuring and Improving the Management of Today's PKI","funder_award_id":"1563320","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4744901200","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CRC 1053 MAKI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6427809037","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CRC 1053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001637908","https://openalex.org/W2097981871","https://openalex.org/W2114398364","https://openalex.org/W2146752727","https://openalex.org/W2242951943","https://openalex.org/W2292723020","https://openalex.org/W2320525864","https://openalex.org/W2344804892","https://openalex.org/W2500587163","https://openalex.org/W2523421704","https://openalex.org/W2550748725","https://openalex.org/W2552873532","https://openalex.org/W2560520934","https://openalex.org/W2594194983","https://openalex.org/W2725948252","https://openalex.org/W2744444377","https://openalex.org/W2752610700","https://openalex.org/W2766742916","https://openalex.org/W2768857737","https://openalex.org/W2769047723","https://openalex.org/W2770959194","https://openalex.org/W2783291460","https://openalex.org/W2794584163","https://openalex.org/W2826792676","https://openalex.org/W2885574771","https://openalex.org/W4237102638","https://openalex.org/W6815619368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377855229","https://openalex.org/W2123296434","https://openalex.org/W2174969786","https://openalex.org/W2555738791","https://openalex.org/W4298042445","https://openalex.org/W2104547074","https://openalex.org/W2152646546","https://openalex.org/W2132693790","https://openalex.org/W2017675414","https://openalex.org/W1593822213"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shaken":[0],"by":[1,54],"severe":[2],"compromises,":[3],"the":[4,11,24,55,75,117,144,170],"Web\u2019s":[5],"Public":[6],"Key":[7],"Infrastructure":[8],"has":[9,147],"seen":[10],"addition":[12],"of":[13,65,71,77,116,158,173],"several":[14,154],"security":[15,171],"mechanisms":[16],"over":[17,37],"recent":[18],"years.":[19],"One":[20],"such":[21],"mechanism":[22],"is":[23],"Certification":[25,39],"Authority":[26],"Authorization":[27],"(CAA)":[28],"DNS":[29,85,120],"record,":[30],"that":[31,59,94],"gives":[32],"domain":[33,81,102],"name":[34,82,103],"holders":[35,104],"control":[36],"which":[38],"Authorities":[40],"(CAs)":[41],"may":[42],"issue":[43],"certificates":[44],"for":[45,136],"their":[46,90],"domain.":[47],"First":[48],"defined":[49],"in":[50,99,108,143,162],"RFC":[51],"6844,":[52],"adoption":[53],"CA/B":[56],"forum":[57],"mandates":[58],"CAs":[60,95,155],"validate":[61],"CAA":[62,72,106,126,131],"records":[63,107],"as":[64],"September":[66],"8,":[67],"2017.":[68],"The":[69],"success":[70],"hinges":[73],"on":[74],"behavior":[76],"three":[78],"actors:":[79],"CAs,":[80],"holders,":[83],"and":[84,92,113,156,179,188],"operators.":[86],"We":[87,139],"empirically":[88],"study":[89],"behavior,":[91],"observe":[93],"exhibit":[96],"patchy":[97],"adherence":[98],"issuance":[100],"experiments,":[101],"configure":[105],"encouraging":[109],"but":[110],"error-prone":[111],"ways,":[112],"only":[114],"six":[115],"31":[118],"largest":[119],"operators":[121],"enable":[122],"customers":[123],"to":[124,150,168,180],"add":[125],"records.":[127],"Furthermore,":[128,161],"using":[129],"historic":[130],"data,":[132],"we":[133,165,184],"uncover":[134],"anomalies":[135],"already-issued":[137],"certificates.":[138,160],"disseminated":[140],"our":[141],"results":[142],"community.":[145],"This":[146],"already":[148],"led":[149],"specific":[151],"improvements":[152,178],"at":[153],"revocation":[157],"mis-issued":[159],"this":[163],"work,":[164],"suggest":[166],"ways":[167],"improve":[169],"impact":[172],"CAA.":[174],"To":[175],"foster":[176],"further":[177],"practice":[181],"reproducible":[182],"research,":[183],"share":[185],"raw":[186],"data":[187],"analysis":[189],"tools.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-23T13:55:30.953635","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}