{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2811423811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212509","title":"Efficient Privacy-Preserving Matrix Factorization for Recommendation via Fully Homomorphic Encryption","display_name":"Efficient Privacy-Preserving Matrix Factorization for Recommendation via Fully Homomorphic Encryption","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2811423811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212509","mag":"2811423811"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3212509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","issn_l":"2471-2566","issn":["2471-2566","2471-2574"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746309","display_name":"Jinsu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1009-3928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinsu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041730983","display_name":"Dongyoung Koo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24214720","display_name":"Hansung University","ror":"https://ror.org/048m9x696","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24214720"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyoung Koo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hansung University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hansung University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24214720"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653830","display_name":"Yuna Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2367-7896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuna Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101921593","display_name":"Hyunsoo Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2671-6491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunsoo Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Computing, KAIST"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Computing, KAIST","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090468303","display_name":"Junbum Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7985-6163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbum Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100704335","display_name":"Sungwook Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4789-3347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sungwook Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100746309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3928,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95488114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"1","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.9502841234207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8131194710731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.8122349977493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.6137064695358276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.5578706860542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5448396801948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4882238209247589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factorization","display_name":"Factorization","score":0.48635464906692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4340461492538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42575353384017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.38867083191871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.29714518785476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.26526200771331787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.9502841234207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8131194710731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.8122349977493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.6137064695358276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.5578706860542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5448396801948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4882238209247589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187834632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188804","display_name":"Factorization","level":2,"score":0.48635464906692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4340461492538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42575353384017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.38867083191871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29714518785476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.26526200771331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3212509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174050","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","issn_l":"2471-2566","issn":["2471-2566","2471-2574"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56544557","https://openalex.org/W116648389","https://openalex.org/W236632755","https://openalex.org/W774911181","https://openalex.org/W1493343761","https://openalex.org/W1494049356","https://openalex.org/W1497981337","https://openalex.org/W1608459536","https://openalex.org/W1755636270","https://openalex.org/W1850468005","https://openalex.org/W1873763122","https://openalex.org/W1874619058","https://openalex.org/W1890272145","https://openalex.org/W1948403713","https://openalex.org/W1966731635","https://openalex.org/W1971991172","https://openalex.org/W1981631259","https://openalex.org/W1988374166","https://openalex.org/W1992282993","https://openalex.org/W1997859100","https://openalex.org/W2005107218","https://openalex.org/W2013623332","https://openalex.org/W2022097286","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2031738616","https://openalex.org/W2049577860","https://openalex.org/W2053244871","https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2077905990","https://openalex.org/W2092422002","https://openalex.org/W2100235918","https://openalex.org/W2109208918","https://openalex.org/W2117983043","https://openalex.org/W2119948977","https://openalex.org/W2121966774","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2135930857","https://openalex.org/W2149409084","https://openalex.org/W2152926062","https://openalex.org/W2153886246","https://openalex.org/W2156030242","https://openalex.org/W2159024459","https://openalex.org/W2159196732","https://openalex.org/W2166939545","https://openalex.org/W2167094273","https://openalex.org/W2169101582","https://openalex.org/W2171960770","https://openalex.org/W2226167778","https://openalex.org/W2285574614","https://openalex.org/W2293706247","https://openalex.org/W2296635479","https://openalex.org/W2401959250","https://openalex.org/W2406176316","https://openalex.org/W2519249189","https://openalex.org/W2549584611","https://openalex.org/W2979771948","https://openalex.org/W3028867652","https://openalex.org/W3125094869","https://openalex.org/W3140043901"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539930818","https://openalex.org/W4390664647","https://openalex.org/W4390273403","https://openalex.org/W4386781444","https://openalex.org/W2963185427","https://openalex.org/W2065296176","https://openalex.org/W2342498029","https://openalex.org/W4225892600","https://openalex.org/W1973739845","https://openalex.org/W119752240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"are":[1,120],"recommendation":[2,38,60,91],"systems":[3],"everywhere":[4],"in":[5,19,129],"our":[6,137],"daily":[7],"life.":[8],"The":[9],"collection":[10],"of":[11,14,103,136],"personal":[12],"data":[13,52,111],"users":[15],"by":[16,100],"a":[17,75,86,109],"recommender":[18],"the":[20,32,59,72,80,90,96,101,134],"system":[21,61],"may":[22],"cause":[23],"serious":[24],"privacy":[25],"issues.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"article,":[29],"we":[30,107],"propose":[31],"first":[33],"privacy-preserving":[34,76],"matrix":[35,46,123],"factorization":[36,47],"for":[37,89,122],"using":[39],"fully":[40,104],"homomorphic":[41,105],"encryption.":[42],"Our":[43,131],"protocol":[44,73],"performs":[45],"over":[48,116],"encrypted":[49,55,117],"users\u2019":[50],"rating":[51,65],"and":[53,67],"returns":[54],"outputs":[56],"so":[57],"that":[58,83],"learns":[62],"nothing":[63],"on":[64],"values":[66],"resulting":[68],"user/item":[69],"profiles.":[70],"Furthermore,":[71],"provides":[74],"method":[77],"to":[78,113],"optimize":[79],"tuning":[81],"parameters":[82],"can":[84],"be":[85],"business":[87],"benefit":[88],"service":[92],"providers.":[93],"To":[94],"overcome":[95],"performance":[97],"degradation":[98],"caused":[99],"use":[102],"encryption,":[106],"introduce":[108],"novel":[110],"structure":[112],"perform":[114],"computations":[115],"vectors,":[118],"which":[119],"essential":[121],"factorization,":[124],"through":[125],"secure":[126],"two-party":[127],"computation":[128],"part.":[130],"experiments":[132],"demonstrate":[133],"efficiency":[135],"protocol.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}