{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2810116884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212480.3212501","title":"Listening Watch","display_name":"Listening Watch","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2810116884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212480.3212501","mag":"2810116884"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3212480.3212501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212480.3212501","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3212480.3212501","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security & Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3212480.3212501","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017417273","display_name":"Prakash Shrestha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7779-6399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prakash Shrestha","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alabama at Birmingham"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059730489","display_name":"Nitesh Saxena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6083-104X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32389192","display_name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/008s83205","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitesh Saxena","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Alabama at Birmingham"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32389192"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7011,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94248905,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"99","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.8167888522148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7702693939208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.7492671012878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminal","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","score":0.6879121661186218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/login","display_name":"Login","score":0.6873669028282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","score":0.5221248269081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-listening","display_name":"Active listening","score":0.5202249884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4742361903190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.44100311398506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.335619181394577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3318702280521393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22399595379829407}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.8167888522148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7702693939208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.7492671012878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779664074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518405","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.6879121661186218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113324615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472302","display_name":"Login","level":2,"score":0.6873669028282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781039887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391724","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5221248269081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177291462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423038","display_name":"Active listening","level":2,"score":0.5202249884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4742361903190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.44100311398506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.335619181394577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3318702280521393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22399595379829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3212480.3212501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212480.3212501","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3212480.3212501","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security & Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3212480.3212501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3212480.3212501","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3212480.3212501","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Security & Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4064920815","display_name":"CICI: Secure Data Architecture: Improving the Security and Usability of Two-Factor Authentication for Cyberinfrastructure","funder_award_id":"1547350","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434073065","display_name":"TWC: Small: Collaborative: Spoof-Resistant Smartphone Authentication using Cooperating Wearables","funder_award_id":"1526524","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6194832830","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1526524","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7010800949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1547350 and 1526524","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2810116884.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2810116884.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32836451","https://openalex.org/W1596662236","https://openalex.org/W1955134710","https://openalex.org/W1989085188","https://openalex.org/W1990556702","https://openalex.org/W2030112111","https://openalex.org/W2079024329","https://openalex.org/W2122514667","https://openalex.org/W2141136786","https://openalex.org/W2148566104","https://openalex.org/W2152718950","https://openalex.org/W2158291955","https://openalex.org/W2168076624","https://openalex.org/W2256662675","https://openalex.org/W2503713833","https://openalex.org/W2534878473","https://openalex.org/W4299301436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235220108","https://openalex.org/W4256170434","https://openalex.org/W4233948907","https://openalex.org/W4238894392","https://openalex.org/W4311722428","https://openalex.org/W2357607877","https://openalex.org/W2982321410","https://openalex.org/W4238771742","https://openalex.org/W2187233292","https://openalex.org/W3197290876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reducing":[0],"the":[1,28,31,37,43,46,73,79,94],"level":[2],"of":[3,93],"user":[4,47],"effort":[5,19],"involved":[6],"in":[7,20,90],"traditional":[8],"two-factor":[9],"authentication":[10],"(TFA)":[11],"constitutes":[12],"an":[13],"important":[14],"research":[15],"topic.":[16],"A":[17],"recent":[18],"this":[21],"direction":[22],"leverages":[23],"ambient":[24],"sounds":[25,83],"to":[26,48],"detect":[27],"proximity":[29,92],"between":[30],"second":[32],"factor":[33],"device":[34],"(phone)":[35],"and":[36,41,70,86],"login":[38],"terminal":[39],"(browser),":[40],"eliminates":[42],"need":[44],"for":[45],"transfer":[49],"PIN":[50],"codes.":[51],"This":[52],"approach":[53],"is":[54,58],"highly":[55],"usable,":[56],"but":[57],"completely":[59],"vulnerable":[60],"against":[61],"far-near":[62],"attackers,":[63],"i.e.,":[64],"ones":[65],"who":[66,88],"are":[67,89],"remotely":[68],"located":[69],"can":[71],"guess":[72],"victim's":[74],"audio":[75],"environment":[76],"or":[77],"make":[78],"phone":[80],"create":[81],"predictable":[82],"(e.g.,":[84],"ringers),":[85],"those":[87],"physical":[91],"user.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2018-07-10T00:00:00"}